Kubva mumagazini Nhamba 3 2014
Category: Dunhu
Penza region iri paEast European Plain, mukati meVolga Upland. Nzvimbo 43 zviuru square metres. km. Nharaunda yenharaunda kubva kumadokero kusvika kumabvazuva ndeye 3 km, kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba - 330 km.
Dunhu iri riri panosangana matunhu matatu echisikigo: yepakati chernozem, isiri-chernozem uye yakaoma Volga dunhu.
Huwandu hwenzvimbo iyi, maererano neRossstat, vanhu 1, avo 360% vagari vekumaruwa.
Mamiriro ekunze ari pakati nepakati mukondinendi, nekupisa kunopisa (avhareji yaChikunguru tembiricha 19-21°C) uye kutonhora kwechando (kubva -11° kusvika -13°C). Chinhu chisina kugadzikana chemamiriro ekunze ndiko kunaya kwemvura: huwandu hwegore mudunhu hunoshanduka pakati pe450-500 mm, mumakore akaoma hunodonha kusvika 350 mm, uye mumakore ekunaya hunokwira kusvika 775 mm. Kusanaya kwemvura muchirimo kunowanzoitika, uye nguva dzemvura dzinowanzodzoka muzhizha.
Mamiriro ekunze uye emamiriro ekunze uye kugona kwekurima kwedunhu rePenza kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuwana goho rakanaka rembatatisi.
Nhamba dzakakwira
Mumakore mashanu apfuura, nzvimbo inorimwa mbatatisi mumasangano ezvekurima uye mapurazi evarimi yakawedzera zvakanyanya: kubva pa2,7 zviuru mahekita muna 2009 kusvika 5,0 zviuru mahekita muna 2013. Muna 2014, zviuru zvishanu zvemahekita zvakagarwa nembatatisi muchikamu chakarongeka; pamwe chete, vagadziri vezvekurima vemarudzi ese evaridzi vachazokohwa mbatatisi kubva munzvimbo ye5,8 zviuru mahekita.
Kukohwewa kwembatatisi muna 2014 mumasangano ezvekurima uye mapurazi evarimi mudunhu rePenza kwakarongwa pamatani zviuru makumi masere. Izvi zvirongwa zvakakomba zvevarimi vedunhu. Saka muna 80, goho rembatatisi muchikamu chekutengeserana rakasvika zviuru makumi matatu nemazana matatu nemazana matatu emakumi matatu nemazana matatu, muna 2009 - 37,3 zviuru zvematani.
Panguva yekugadzirira kwezvinhu (pakasvika Nyamavhuvhu 27), mabhizinesi ekurima emhando dzese dzevaridzi akange atora mbatatisi kubva munzvimbo ye24,62 zviuru mahekita, akachera zviuru mazana matatu nemakumi maviri neshanu matani, goho repakati raive 325,67 c/ha.
Mumapurazi akarongeka, mbatatisi dzakakohwewa kubva munzvimbo ye367 hectares, 4,92 zviuru matani embatatisi akacherwa, avhareji yegoho i131 c/ha. Kukohwa mbatatisi kuri kufambira mberi nekumhanya kwakanaka munzvimbo dzeShemysheysky, Lopatinsky, Vadinsky nePenza mudunhu rePenza.
Dunhu Rekutsigira Zvirongwa
Kuita zvirongwa zvakakura uye kuwana mibairo yakanaka mukugadzira mbatatisi - izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvinotarirwa nedanho rekutsigira nyika kuburikidza nedunhu reMinistry of Agriculture.
Gore rino, sechikamu chekutsigira kugadzirwa kwembatatisi nemiriwo kune varimi vekurima mudunhu rePenza, rutsigiro rusina hukama mumunda wekurima zvirimwa rwakapihwa muhuwandu hwe6 rubles pahekita imwe yenzvimbo yakadyarwa, 200% yerefinancing rate. inodzoserwa kwenguva pfupi (kusvika 1 gore) uye kwenguva refu (kubva pa100 kusvika kumakore masere uye kubva pa1 kusvika kumakore gumi) zvikwereti uye zvikwereti.
Nekuda kwemakwikwi, ma grants anosvika miriyoni imwe chete nemazana mashanu emadhora anopihwa kugadzirwa kwevarimi (mapurazi) mabhizinesi anoshanda mukugadzira, kuchengetedza, kurongedza uye kugadzira mbatatisi nemiriwo mukati mehurongwa hwechirongwa chedhipatimendi "Rutsigiro rwekutanga varimi. yenguva ye1,5-2012". Gore rino, vatori vechikamu vapfumbamwe muzviitiko zvechirongwa vachawana rubatsiro muhuwandu hwe2014 miriyoni rubles yekusimudzira mbatatisi nemiriwo. Parizvino, Bazi rezvekurima redunhu rakazivisa danho rechipiri remakwikwi ekugamuchira zvikumbiro zvekutora chikamu muchirongwa chedhipatimendi ichi.
Pamusoro pezvo, gore rino varimi vekurima vanopihwa chikamu chemutengo wekutenga mhodzi dzembatatisi dzepamusoro muhuwandu hwe500 rubles patani imwe yembeu. Chikamu chemari yekugadzira nzvimbo dzekugonesa inopihwawo mari mukati mehurongwa hwehupfumi hwedunhu chirongwa "Kusikwa kwenzvimbo dzekutakura zvinhu zvine chinangwa chekusimudzira budiriro yekurima mbatatisi, kurima miriwo, kurima michero uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekurima mudunhu rePenza. ye1-2014. Chirongwa ichi chinopa kudzoserwa kwe2016% yemitengo yekuvaka (kuvakazve, kuvandudzwa), kutengwa kwemichina nemidziyo yekurongedza nekuchengetedza, michina yetekinoroji uye mitsara yechikamu chenguva yekugadzirisa, kugadzirisa, kurongedza uye kuchengetedza, midziyo yefiriji, kufefetedza uye kutonga kwemamiriro ekunze. zvirongwa.
Parizvino, munharaunda yePenza mudunhu reBelinsky, chirongwa chikuru chiri kuitwa kugadzira nzvimbo yekugadzira, kuchengetedza uye kutengeswa kwembatatisi neJSC Bashmakovsky Bread. Imwe neimwe nhanho yenzvimbo yezvigadziriso inzvimbo yakaoma yekuchengetera uye pre-kutengesa kugadzirira kwembatatisi nemiriwo inosvika zviuru gumi nezvishanu zvematani, inosanganisira matanhatu arch-mhando yekuchengetera nzvimbo inokwana zviuru zviviri nemazana mashanu ezviuru matani imwe neimwe uye tekinoroji chivakwa chinobatanidza. ivo - gallery, umo mitsara yetekinoroji ichave iri kurongedza uye kurongedza.
Homwe yembeu
Penza Research Institute of Agriculture, iri mumusha unoshanda weLunino, inobatsira kupa mapurazi embatatisi mudunhu iri nembeu. Iyo Institute yave ichishanda zvinobudirira kwemakore anopfuura zana.
Vashandi vePenzNIISH vanopa vatengi mbeu dzine hutano dzemhando makumi maviri neimwe mbatatisi. Urongwa urwu hunosanganisira marudzi ekutanga (Zhukovsky kare, Zhigulevsky, Darenka, Vineta, Penza skorospelka, Utenok, Udacha, Bullfinch); pakati pekutanga (Svitanok Kyiv, Ramsay, Russian Souvenir, Skazka); pakati pemwaka (Roko); pakati-kunonoka (Lorch).
Pamusoro pemhando dzakarongwa dzakarongwa, Sante, Valiza, Golubizna, Malinovka, Master, Petersburgsky, Nikulinsky, Tescha, Batya, Bryansk delicacy inowanikwawo. Mhando dzese dzakasiyana dzinosiyaniswa nekubereka kwakanyanya, kuramba kwechirwere, uye kuratidzwa kwakanaka.
Kukohwa kutengesa
Tichitaura nezvekutengeswa kwembatatisi, zvakakosha kuziva kuti nyaya yakakosha iyi iri kugadziriswa nebazi rezvekurima reko. Misangano yekushanda inoitwa nguva dzose nevarimi vekurima uye vamiririri vemaketani ezvitoro. Nhasi pane mhedzisiro: mbatatisi dzemuno dzasvika mumaketani ezvitoro. Iri inhanho hombe yevagadziri venzvimbo uye mhedzisiro yakanaka yehurongwa, hwakakwana basa reHurumende yePenza Dunhu.
Mudunhu iri, kune kuwedzera kwegore kwekudyidzana pakati pekutengesa mabhizinesi eese mafomati uye Penza commodity vagadziri. Pamusoro pezvo, Ministry of Agriculture iri kuongorora nyaya yekugadzira "makona evarimi" mumaketani ezvitoro, ayo anozopa zvigadzirwa zvine hushamwari kubva kune vanogadzira veko nemitengo inokwanisika, sekutaura, "kubva kubindu kuenda kune counter."
Kutengeswa kwePenza mbatatisi yechirimwa chitsva, chakakura mudunhu rePenza, kwakatanga muzvitoro zveTrade Union "Shop yedunhu rangu". Vanogutsikana nemhando yembatatisi uye vanotarisira kuenderera mberi nekubatana kunobereka. Pakutengesa, mbatatisi inotengeswa nemutengo we12 rubles. 90 kopecks zve1kg.
Tinogona kutaura zvakachengeteka kuti dunhu rePenza rinokwanisa kupa vagari venzvimbo iyi mbatatisi dzemhando yepamusoro; uyezve, kune mikana chaiyo yekupa zvakasara zvirimwa muRussia yese.
Nhasi, tichifunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu emusika wezvematongerwo enyika uye ehupfumi, tinogona kutaura kuti matanho ehupfumi akakosha akaunzwa kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwenyika ane chinangwa chekuchengetedza zvido zvenyika, kusanganisira zvido zvechikafu. Zvirango zvakatemerwa izvi zvichabatsira varimi vekurima. Mumakore adarika, yedu yekurima maindasitiri yange ichiratidzira kukura kwakasimba mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvezvekurima; mikana mitsva, kutanga kune zvese, ichavhurira vanogadzira zvekurima mudzimba, kusanganisira Penza; musika wezvekudya uchazadzwa nechero , zvigadzirwa zvekudya zvepamusoro, izvo, sezvinoratidzwa nemaitiro ekushandisa, kune vagari vedu vanonyanya kukoshesa kupfuura vatorwa.
Zvinyorwa zvacho zvakagadziriswa nebepanhau rekushandira Ministry of Agriculture yePenza Dunhu