Kubva mumagazini Nhamba 4 2014
Category: Vanhu vekutanga
Takazivisa nhaurirano iyi muchikamu chekupedzisira chemagazini, patakanyora nezve chinzvimbo chitsva chaAlexander Vasilyevich Bogomaz, murume anozivikanwa munharaunda yembatatisi, mukuru achangoburwa wepurazi revarimi rakabudirira uye mutevedzeri weDuma State. Uye saka kubvunzurudza kwakaitika.
Pasinei nepurogiramu yake yakabatikana, Alexander Vasilyevich akawana nguva yekuudza vaverengi vemagazini yembatatisi nezvezvino uye nezveramangwana rekurima munharaunda yaakapiwa.
- Alexander Vasilievich, ibasa ripi, mukufunga kwako, rinoita zvekurima (kurima zvirimwa uye kukura mbatatisi, kunyanya) muhupfumi hwedunhu reBryansk? Kusimukira kweindasitiri iyi kwakakosha sei mudunhu iri?
- Dunhu reBryansk raive uye rinoramba riri rekurima. Izvi zvine matambudziko uye zvakanakira. Ivhu rinoda kutariswa chaiko, rinounza mari chete kune avo vanoshanda pariri semuridzi: vanoinzwa, vanoinzwisisa, vanoirima sezvavanofanira, uye vanoipa yakawanda fetereza. Mune zvekurima, unogona kubudirira, unogona kuwana mari, asi iwe unofanirwawo kuisa mari yakawanda yebasa - uye zuva nezuva basa. Kune vanhu mudunhu reBryansk vanokwanisa kushanda seizvi, uye tinofanira kuvatsigira.
Dunhu redu rine mukana wepamusoro; tinogadzira zvigadzirwa zvekurima (mbatatisi, zviyo, huku, nyama yenguruve) zvakanyanya kudarika zvatinodya. Nekuiswa kwe embargo pakupihwa kwezvigadzirwa kubva kunyika dzeEurope kuenda kuRussia, tine mukana wakasarudzika wekudyisa matunhu akavakidzana (uye, pamwe, nyika). Tichaishandisa zvechokwadi!
Zvekurima harisi gomba dema, sekutaura kunoita vamwe. Iyi iindasitiri inovimbisa, ine pundutso inogona kuve mutungamiri muhupfumi hwedunhu. Uye zvirokwazvo achava akadaro.
- Iwe zvino unoongorora sei mamiriro eindasitiri yembatatisi mu "mbatatisi granary" yeRussia? Chii chinogona kudada nedunhu reBryansk? (Ndakanzwa, semuenzaniso, nezve kuvhurwa kwechangobva kuitika kwenzvimbo hombe yekuchengetera, kuronga uye kurongedza mbatatisi). Chii chinoda kugadziriswa?
- Ndatenda netsanangudzo yakadai yedunhu redu - "mbatatisi girosi yeRussia." Izvi zvinosungira varimi vedu kuita zvakawanda. Sekuona kwangu, kana paine chinoda kugadziridzwa mukurima mbatatisi, saka, sekutaura, "mumisoro." Zvese zvakatovhurwa uye zvakaratidzwa, zvese zvaunofanirwa kuita kugona uye kuishandisa!
Iye zvino munharaunda yedu 22 zviuru zvehekita zvakagoverwa pakukura "chingwa chechipiri". Munguva dzeSoviet, minda yembatatisi yaitora anenge 110 zviuru mahekita. Asi chiyero chekugadzirwa hachina kuderera pane pasi peSoviet Union. Tine mapurazi akasiyana siyana anoita kurima mbatatisi: makuru, epakati, madiki - uye anenge ese akabudirira kwazvo. Kukohwa kunofananidzwa (uye dzimwe nguva kunyangwe kumberi) nekubudirira kweEurope. Maererano neDhipatimendi rekurima kubva munaOctober 6, kana tikatora marudzi ose emapurazi munharaunda yeBryansk, nevhareji yezvibereko zve 263 c / ha, 564 zviuru zvematani zvakakohwa. Izvi zvakapetwa kaviri pane iri zuva gore rapfuura!
Pakupera kwemwaka, tinounganidza pedyo nemamiriyoni matani e "chingwa chechipiri," asi izvi zviri kure nemuganhu. Mubvunzo wose uri mukushandiswa kwetekinoroji yemazuva ano, kuparadzira ruzivo rwepamusoro, uye kudzidziswa kwevashandi. Uyezve, iyo yekupedzisira, mumaonero angu, inonyanya kukosha, sezvo zvinhu zvose zvinoenderana nemunhu. Hazvina kukwana kutenga zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano uye kukanda mbeu dzakanaka muvhu ...
Kana iri purojekiti yawataura, hongu, yakaitwa zvinobudirira: pachinzvimbo chechivako chakasiiwa chekare chekudzivirira chirimwa mumusha weKletnya, yazvino, yakakura mbatatisi yekuchengetedza yakaonekwa. Mutsetse wekurongedza wakagadzirirwa kurongedza zviuru zvitanhatu zvematani emachubhu. Muridzi wekuvaka kweiyo yakaoma aive Bryansk-Agro LLC (muvambi Vyacheslav Nikiforov), imwe yeakanakisa mabhizinesi ekurima mbatatisi mudunhu reBryansk. Kana tikataura pamusoro pezvingazvirumbidza nharaunda yedu, mapurazi akadaro - kushingaira kukura, kukura, kuvimbisa.
Zvitongere iwe pachako: muna 2013, Bryansk-Agro LLC yakagovera mahekita 590 emapatata, muna 2014 - atova 745 hectares, muna 2015 inorongwa kuwedzera nzvimbo kusvika 900-1000 mahekita. Uye mhedzisiro yacho yakanakisa (muna 2013, 9675 matani embatatisi akakohwewa negoho re275 c/ha).
Muna 2012-2013, Bryansk-Agro LLC yaive pakati pemabhizinesi akagamuchira rutsigiro rwenyika (muhuwandu hwe81 miriyoni rubles) pasi pechirongwa "Kuvandudzwa kwekugadzira mbatatisi mudunhu reBryansk." Munguva imwecheteyo, zvivakwa zvebhizinesi izvi zvaisanganisira nzvimbo mbiri dzekuchengetera mbatatisi: imwe nyowani ine simba rekuchengetedza zviuru zvitanhatu zvematani, ine mutsara wemazuva ano wekuchenesa uye kurongedza mbatatisi, uye imwe yakavakwazve ine simba rekuchengetedza zviuru mazana matatu nemazana manomwe. matani.
Chii chimwe chakakosha kwatiri mumabasa epurazi iri? Mabasa emumusha! Mumwaka webasa guru rekurima, vanhu vanosvika zana vanoshanda pano. Mumwedzi misere yegore rino, avhareji yemuhoro wepamwedzi waiva 100 rubles (nhamba yakanaka kwazvo kunyange yemaguta).
- Ndedzipi nzira dzaunoona dzekukura kweindasitiri? Muenzaniso weiyo nzvimbo yeRussia (kana yekunze) inoita seinonakidza kwauri maererano nekuvandudza kurima mbatatisi?
- Iyo indasitiri yatove kuwedzera. Izvi zvinosimbiswa kwete chete nezviratidzo zvekukohwa mbatatisi uye kushanda kwakabudirira kwemabhizinesi, asiwo neongororo yevaenzi vane hunyanzvi vanouya kune yechinyakare Bryansk Field Day.
Gore rega rega, pakati paChikunguru, kuratidzwa kwemhepo kwakavhurika kunoitwa mudunhu reBryansk, uko varimi vanopa zvavakawana, tekinoroji, mbeu, mhando nyowani uye budiriro yesainzi. Ndinokukoka iwe nevaverengi vako kuti vauye, muone zvese nemeso enyu uye mutiudze nezve chiitiko ichi.
Nenzira, paBryansk Field Day unogona kusangana nenhume kubva kuRepublic of Belarus, iyo inodada nembatatisi yayo, uye maGerman neDutch - ivo vanouyawo kwatiri kuti vawane ruzivo.
- Kubva pachinzvimbo chemunhu anoziva zvinodikanwa zvemurimi zvakanyanya, uye panguva imwechete - gavhuna, ongorora: zvirongwa zvedunhu zverutsigiro rwemari kune vanogadzira zvekurima zvinodiwa (pakugoverwa kwerubatsiro, nezvimwewo)?
-Mapurogiramu akasiyana anodiwa. Dunhu reBryansk rinotora chikamu muchirongwa chenguva refu che "budiriro yakazara yeindasitiri yekurima mbatatisi": inowana rutsigiro rwakakura rwemari kubva kubhajeti remubatanidzwa uye inoiwedzera nemari yayo yedunhu. Sekureva kweDhipatimendi rekurima, muna 2013, semuenzaniso, varimi vembatatisi vakagamuchira rubatsiro kubva kuhomwe yenyika muhuwandu hwe68,5 miriyoni rubles, wedzera chimwe chetatu - redunhu co-mari.
Gore rino chirongwa ichi chakapinda muhurongwa hwekukwikwidzana nebazi rezvekurima, asi hapana mari yati yawana. Asi, ndinodzokorora, purogiramu yacho inodzivirirwa, uye mari ichasvika zvechokwadi.
Kana zviri zvezvirongwa zvakabatana neBazi rezvekurima kutsigira varimi vekurima, kune vangangosvika gumi nemaviri avo mudunhu reBryansk: izvi zvinosanganisira "per-hekita rutsigiro", "parita yemukaka", "kutanga-up." uye purazi remhuri” nevamwe. Rubatsiro rwunopihwa, mubereko wemari pazvikwereti unobhadharwa - marudzi mazhinji akasiyana erutsigiro.
Kune zvakare zvirongwa zvedunhu. Semuenzaniso, kutsigira vechidiki vashandi vekurima vanouya kuzoshanda kumaruwa, pamwe nekuita mashoo uye kuratidzwa. Ndinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti nzvimbo yeBryansk iri pakati pegumi gumi muRussian Federation maererano nehuwandu hwekutsigirwa kune vanogadzira zvekurima.
— Pane here zvirongwa zvitsva zvichiri kuitwa?
“Tinoda kuunza chirongwa chekukurudzira kufambiswa kweminda isingashandiswe yekurima – iyo minda yakamira, yakafukidzwa nesora nemiti yemabirch. Isu tese tinonzwisisa kuti nekufamba kwenguva hakusisina ivhu; pane zvinopesana, nezvikonzero zvakawanda, nzvimbo dzakakodzera zvirimwa dziri kuramba dzichidzikira. Iri idambudziko rakakura!
Uye nguva yakakosha pano: chirongwa chinofanira kutanga kushanda munguva pfupi iri kutevera. Zvikasadaro, hatizombofi takakwanisa kushandisa nzvimbo dzakawanda.
- Iyo pepanhau yakanyora kakawanda nezvezvirongwa zvemakambani makuru ane chekuita nekuvakwa kwemabhizinesi ekugadzira mbatatisi paBryansk land. Zvirongwa zvakafanana zvichaitwa here?
- Zvose zvinounza uye zvinounza mari yeramangwana kune bhajeti yedunhu reBryansk nemanisipala, izvo zvichabatsira kukurudzirwa kwekurima munharaunda, kuvandudza hupenyu hwevanhu, huchashanda uye huchiitwa. Tichabheja pamapurojekiti anoshanda kana anokwanisa kudaro. Kusvika pari zvino, hatisi kudzikisira chirongwa chimwe chekudyara mune yedu agro-industrial complex. Vanhu vanodyara mari, vanovaka mapurazi nekugadzirisa zvivakwa, kugadzira mabasa matsva, uye hurumende yedunhu ichatsigira vanoisa mari vakadaro.
Kana ari mapurojekiti ekugadzira mbatatisi, ari kushanda. Pane matanho, pane zvirongwa. Kusvika parizvino hapana ari kukanda mapfumo pasi, uye zviremera zvechokwadi hazvisi kuzovakanganisa!
- Ndechipi chiitiko chevarimi vembatatisi yeBryansk chaunofunga kuti ndicho chakabudirira uye chinovimbisa?
- Starodubsky dunhu ndiye mutungamiri munharaunda yeBryansk. Pamusoro pemabhizinesi anozivikanwa eTNV "Red Gumiguru" uye IP Putsko L.I. muRussia yese, isu tine mamwe mapurazi embatatisi, ane vatungamiriri vamwe vanofanirwa kutevedzera!
Vladimir Zhutenkov (Druzhba LLC, Zhiryatinsky dunhu).
Akatanga kuita mapurojekiti ekudyara mbatatisi muna 2010, akabva adyara mahekita 1000 embatatisi (ikozvino mahekita 1500). Mugore rimwe chetero, akavaka nzvimbo huru yekuchengetera mbatatisi muRussia ine huwandu hwematani zviuru makumi mana.
Muna 2014, kambani yakatanga kuvaka imwe nzvimbo yekuchengetera mbatatisi yematani zviuru gumi nemidziyo yakakosha yefiriji yekunonoka kutengesa zvigadzirwa. Nzvimbo iyi ichapihwa basa rekukohwa 10.
Parizvino tambo yekuwachisa uye yekuisa mbatatisi inokwana matani gumi nemashanu paawa.
Nikolay Pashutko (farm farm "Progress", Starodubsky district).
Purazi iri rave kushanda kubva muna 1992. Iine zvishanu zvekuchengetera mbatatisi ine huwandu hwe40 zviuru matani. Gore rino, goho remhando yeJelly raipfuura 500 c/ha uye reRed Scarlett rakasiyana siyana 400. Muna 2014, kambani iyi yakatenga michina yekudyara, kukohwa uye kugadzira mbatatisi inokosha mamiriyoni masere eRubles ichibhadhara mari yayo.
Mikhail Dovgalev (IP "Dovgalev M.M.", Starodubsky dunhu)
Ndakatanga kushanda nembatatisi muna2002. Nhasi, chirimwa ichi chakarimwa munzvimbo inopfuura 3 mahekita. Muna 000, akavaka nzvimbo mbiri dzekuchengetera mbatatisi dzine huwandu hwematani zviuru zvitatu imwe neimwe. Pakazara, purazi rake rave nenzvimbo sere dzekuchengetera mbatatisi.
Muna 2014, ndakavakawo mudziyo wekuomesera unokwanisa kuita matani makumi matatu paawa.
Zvirongwa zvegore rinotevera zvinosanganisira kuvaka chivako chezvivakwa zvina zvekuchengetera zvine huwandu hwematani zviuru gumi, kutenga matirakita mana uye imwe seti yemidziyo yekudyara, kugadzira uye kukohwa mbatatisi.
Vyacheslav Melnichenko (IP "Melnichenko V.G.", Dubrovsky district)
Ave nemakore manomwe achirima mbatatisi. Nzvimbo - 700 mahekita. Kunyangwe pakange paine kusanaya kwemvura muzhizha rino, ndakawana goho rakanaka: 400 c/ha yemhando yeBellarosa uye 350 c/ha yeRed Fantasy.
Gore rino ndakavakazve mhepo yemhepo munzvimbo dzekuchengetera mbatatisi (kune maviri acho - zviuru zvitatu zvematani imwe neimwe). Mune imwe, kutonga kwekushisa ikozvino kunoitwa otomatiki (kutonga kwemamiriro ekunze), mune imwe - nemaoko.
Muna 2013 ndakatenga mushonga wekukohwa, uye gore rino ndakatenga mbesa yembatatisi.
Kwegore ra2015, pane zvirongwa zvekuvaka zvivako zvitatu zvekuchengetedza mbatatisi zvematani zviuru zviviri chimwe nechimwe: maviri mumusha weAleshinka, mumwe muAfonino.
Mikhail Svistunov (purazi revarimi "Svistunov", dunhu reStarodubsky)
Purazi Mikhail Svistunov ane makore gumi nematatu. Kune 13 mahekita pasi pembatatisi (pamwe chete, 300 mahekita anorimwa papurazi). Gore rinotevera, nzvimbo iri pasi pembatatisi ichawedzera kusvika ku1000 mahekita. Paavhareji goho rembatatisi muna 400 i2014 c/ha (goho repamusoro i350 c/ha).
Gore rino ndakatenga seti yemidziyo: musanganisi wekukohwa, anodyara uye anocheka milling. Muna 2015, nzvimbo itsva yekuchengetedza mbatatisi yematani zviuru zvitatu ichavakwa kuitira goho idzva.
Alexander Akhlamov (IP "Akhlamov A.V.", Starodubsky dunhu)
Iine matura manomwe emapatata ane huwandu hwehuwandu hwematani anopfuura zviuru gumi nezvishanu. Anorima mhando dzakakurumbira Red Scarlett, Natasha, uye Zhuravinka pamusika. Mutengo wekirogiramu yembatatisi kubva kuA. Akhlamov ndeye 15-11 rubles pa kg. Inoshanda nevatengi vakatengesa munzvimbo yeRostov uye Astrakhan mudunhu. Kuti vatengi varerukirwe, murimi akavaka zvikero zvemaindasitiri; kuitira kunyaradza kwevashandi vake, iye zvino ari kuvaka chivakwa chekutonga chine canteen nemashawa. Anovaka nzvimbo dzekuchengetera mbatatisi uye anotora michina. Yakatsunga kuvandudza hupfumi uye kushandisa matekinoroji epamberi.
- Alexander Vasilyevich, pachigadziko cheumbozha chinomiririra dunhu reBryansk pakuratidzira kwe "Golden Autumn" muMoscow, pairatidzika kunge pane zvese: mukaka, cheeses, nyama, sausage, pastries ... Uye neimwe nzira mbatatisi yaive mukona, kwete pa zvese zviri pakati pekuratidzwa. Izvi zvinoreva here kuti zvinokosheswa munzvimbo iyi zviri kuchinja?
- Ichi chingori chiono chako chekuumbwa. Muchokwadi, kudunhu redu, zvese zvigadzirwa zvekurima zviri pakati, uye mbatatisi kunyanya.