Roman Viklenko, mukuru agronomist wepurazi reKirby, Republic of Kyrzizstan
Dunhu reKyrgyzstan rinenge mahekita emamirioni makumi maviri, ayo mahekita emamirioni e20 evhu rekurima, kusanganisira 10,6 miriyoni mahekita epasi rinorimwa nenzvimbo yemadiridziro yehekita mamirioni 1,2.
Vazhinji vevagari (vanopfuura makumi matanhatu muzana) vanogara mumaruwa, uye mararamiro ehupenyu munyika anoenderana nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekurima.
Mamiriro ekunze echikamu chikuru chenyika akanyatso kondinendi, nekupisa kwakanyanya uye kutonhora kwechando. Munzvimbo dzemupata dzekurima, muzhizha tembiricha yemhepo inokwira kusvika pa45-48 ° C, munguva yechando dzimwe nguva inodonha pasi -30 ° C ine chando chakavhara, uye tembiricha yeusiku inowanzo kuve 12-15 ° C yakaderera pane masikati.
Hwevhareji hwekunaya kwegore negore haupfuure mazana mashanu emamirimita, zvichisiyana nemakore nematunhu ane hukuru hwekutanga kwemvura yekunaya. Kusiyanisa maererano nekunaya kwemvura kune dzimwe nzvimbo, kunyanya, nzvimbo yekurima yeIsskk-Kul basin - nekuda kwekukwevera kwedunhu rine makomo eIsyk-Kul.
Mamiriro ekunze uye emamiriro ekunze eiyo republic akanaka ekurima zvirimwa zvakawanda zvekurima, kusanganisira nemuriwo wese. Mbatata dzinorimwa kwese kwese muRepublic.
Nhoroondo ye mbatatisi inokura munyika ine makore anopfuura zana.
Zvichida, mbatatisi dzakauya kuKyrgyzstan muhafu yepiri yezana ramakore rechi19, asi hadzina kunge dzakapararira kamwechete: zvigadzirwa zvemhuka zvakanyanyowanikwa mukudya kwevagari venyika iyoyo (zvinowanzoitika kune vanhu vanotama). Kuzivikanwa kwembatatisi kwakatanga kukura kare muSoviet nguva, uye yakanyanya kutarisisa kutsika yakatanga kubhadharwa muma90s, apo republic yakazvimiririra. Kugadzirwa kwembatatisi kwakapetwa kane kubva muna 1992, kubva pamatani mazana matatu nemakumi matatu ezviuru kusvika pagwaro rekodhi 360 miriyoni muna 000 (FAO data, 1,36).
Nhasi, kuvandudzwa kwembatatisi inokura muKyrgyzstan kunomanikidzwa nekushaikwa kwemhando yepamusoro yembeu, mhando dzinobereka, michina uye matekinoroji. Iko hakuna zviriko mbatatisi yekugadzira mbesa, nekudaro, mitengo yemusika wechigadzirwa haina kugadzikana.
Kubva pakuona kwesangano, zvekurima muKyrgyz Republic parizvino zvinoratidzirwa nehukuru hwemapurazi madiki akazvimirira, ayo akamuka nekuda kwekushambadzirwa kwenzvimbo nenzvimbo yemapurazi ehurumende. Vazhinji vevarimi havana mari inodiwa yekuita zviitiko zvinobudirira. Mhedzisiro yakatarwa yeichi kushomeka kwekushanda kwevashandi, chikamu chakakwira chemitengo yakatarwa, njodzi dzakakura dzekugadzira, mari inovhiringidza uye yakaderera mukugadzirwa kwezvirimwa.
Asi kune zvakare mapurazi ane makore mazhinji ebudiriro ruzivo rwebasa. Sezvakataurwa naUralbek Nogoibaev, General Director weEurasia Group Kyrgyzstan (kambani iri kuita basa rekupa michina yekurima John Deere, JCB, GRIMME, Väderstad, nezvimwe kuKyrgyzstan), kukura kwavo kwekushandira kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekuunzwa kwetekinoroji dzazvino. .
Varimi vadiki "Kirby"
Chui (Alamedin dunhu) uye Issyk-Kul matunhu (dunhu reTyup)
Iyo hombe kukura-kurima mbatatisi-kugadzira purazi muRepublic
Iyo kambani yakavambwa mu1997 muBishkek. Zita "Kirby" rakaonekwa semhedzisiro yekuwedzera kwemazwi "Kyrgyzstan" uye "Bishkek".
Mutsara wekutanga wechiitiko waive kugadzirwa kwembatatisi: bhizinesi rakatangisa mutsetse wekugadzira machipisi. Makore matatu gare gare, kambani yakatangawo kugadzira mbishi zvigadzirwa, ndokuzo wedzera kugadzirwa kwayo kwezvirimwa.
Iye zvino purazi "Kirby" ndiro rinotungamira bhizinesi muKyrgyz Republic yekugadzira machipisi. Izvo zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa pasi peiyo PIR chiratidzo.
Pamusoro pembatatisi, purazi rinokura nguva yechando neyegorosi yegorosi, yechando neyechirimo bhari, yakabikwa chando, sunflower, soya, mapfunde, inosvitsa alfalfa mukutenderera kwezvirimwa kugadzirwa kwehuswa nembeu, sainfoin.
Iyo yakazara nzvimbo yekurima zvirimwa zvekurima mudunhu reChui mahekita mazana mana, kubva pa450 kusvika pa70 mahekita epasi rinorimwa anopiwa mbatatisi gore rega. MuIssyk-Kul oblast, iyo yakazara nzvimbo iri 100 mahekita, 310-35 mahekita akagoverwa matapiri.
Muminda yepapurazi, zvinonyanya kunonoka mhando dzembatatisi machipisi dzinorimwa, uye mhando dzekutanga dzinogadzirwa kuti dzigadziriswe kubva kumunda.
Ivhareji goho rembatatisi mumakore achangopfuura mudunhu reChui iri padanho re450 c / ha, goho rakakura ndere mazana matatu nemazana matatu ematani. Ivhareji goho rembeu mbatatisi mudunhu reIssyk-Kul iri 3700-400 c / ha, goho rakakura ndere 450-1000 matani.
Mbeu iri kukura. Iyo purazi inowana mbeu yezvinhu zve "elite" uye "super-elite" zvikamu kuGerman uye ichizvipamhidzira munzvimbo yeTyup mudunhu reIssyk-Kul oblast. Kubva 2020, iyo purazi yanga ichiedza mbeu mbatatisi kubva kuRussia.
Munguva pfupi iri kutevera, purazi rinoronga kuwana chinzvimbo chekugadzira mbeu, kurima mhando yepamusoro yembeu ine hutano kune varimi vemuno. Iyo kambani iri kutora matanho ekuzadzisa ichi chinangwa: semuenzaniso, gore rapfuura, tafura mbatatisi yesarudzo yeSolana yakatengwa pakuberekesa.
Technique... Michina yemavhiri John Deere 6195 M uye 6135 B inoshandiswa pakurima mbatatisi.Kudyara kunoitwa neGRIMME GL430 planter, kukohwa kunoitwa ne-single-row uye mbiri-mutsara trailed inosanganisa GRIMME SE 75-40 uye GRIMME SE 260.
Kuchengetedza. Panharaunda yepurazi "Kirby" kune mbatatari storages yembeu uye ware mbatatisi. Mbeu mbatatisi dzinoiswa mumatanhatu-marefu-ekuchengetera mabhokisi ane kutonhora kuri kushanda, tembiricha yekuchengetedza mukati mawo inochengetwa mukati me3,2-3,8 ° C. Iko huwandu hwenzvimbo yekuchengetedza mbeu ndeye matani mazana matanhatu negumi. Kune mana-marefu-ekuchengetera mabhokisi ewairi mbatatisi, maviri acho akashongedzerwa neanoshanda emhepo masystem uye maviri - neanoshanda anodziya masisitimu. Iyo tembiricha yekuchengetedza inochengetwa mukati me610-6 ° C. Iyo yakazara huwandu hwenzvimbo yekuchengetera mbatatari ndiwo mazana maviri emazana ematani.
Muna 2020, nzvimbo nyowani yekuchengetera mbatatisi inosangana nemiyero yazvino yakavakwa padunhu repurazi reKirby mudunhu reTyup, michina mitsva yekuchengetera kubva kuGRIMME neSKALS yakatengwa. Iyo yekuchengetera nzvimbo ine makamuri maviri anokwana matani mazana matanhatu imwe neimwe.
Kudiridza. Drum-mhando inosasa mhando yeNetuno brand inoiswa munzvimbo dzakadyarwa mupurazi reKirby. Sezvo kuine mvura shoma munyika uye tembiricha muzhizha iri kure, zvakafanira kuti ugare uchichengetedza ivhu rakanyorova. Mune ramangwana, kambani inotarisira kutsiva michina iripo (inoda mari hombe yevashandi panguva yekushanda) nema circular ekudiridzira masisitimu, nekudaro inotarisira kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushanda kweiyo yekudiridza system.
Ivhu. Iyo purazi inoita basa rakarongeka kugadzirisa ivhu. Gore rega rega, zvirimwa zvemanyowa zvakasvibirira zvinodyarwa muminda, mbeu idzo bhizinesi rinokura roga. Kuedzwa kweNo-till tekinoroji kuri kuenderera, iyo inobvumidza kudzikisira kukukurwa uye kudzikisa mutengo webasa rekurima, uye nekudaro, kudzikisa mutengo wekugadzira.
Gore rino, purazi rakawedzera nzvimbo yekudyara mbatatisi, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekuda kwezvigadzirwa izvi.
Isu tinovimba kuti mwaka unouya uchabudirira kune vese varimi vembatatisi republic.
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