Svetlana Konstantinova, Musoro wePotato Kuberekesa neMbeu Boka, Chuvash Research Institute of Agriculture - bazi reFGBNU FARC yeNorth-East.
Masayendisiti eChuvash Research Institute of Agriculture anoita tsvakiridzo yesainzi mumunda wekuberekesa uye kugadzirwa kwembeu yezviyo nezvirimwa zvine mhunga, huswa husingagumi, soya bhinzi, hop uye mbatatisi.
Iyo Institute yakatanga kuita mukupfuya mbatatisi muna 2010, iyi inzvimbo idiki yechiitiko chesangano redu resainzi uye Chuvashia yese. Basa iri rinoitwa pamwe chete nenyanzvi kubva kuFederal Potato Research Center yakatumidzwa zita reA.I. A.G. Lorkha: pakuraira kwedu, vanotumira ma-single-tuber mahybrids ane humwe hunhu kuResearch Institute of Agriculture.
Sekutonga, tinokumbira marudzi ekutanga uye epakati-ekutanga, sezvo mhando dzepakati-mwaka mudunhu reVolga-Vyatka hazvigone kugara dzichiziva zvizere kugona kwavo nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze, kune chando chekutanga.
Kana isu tichitaura nezve kwainoenda, isu tinopa sarudzo kune marudzi etafura, kunyangwe musika uri kuchinja zvishoma nezvishoma, vatengi vari kutanga kufarira mhando dzekugadzirisa zvakadzika, vacuum packaging. Isu tinofunga nezvemuvara wepeel uye pulp, kudzika kwemaziso. Iye zvino marudzi ane ganda jena uye yero nyama anonyanya kudiwa, asi makore matatu kana mana apfuura marudzi ane ganda dzvuku uye nyama chena ainyanya kufarirwa. Uyezve kukosha kukuru ndiko kuramba kunonoka blight, Alternaria nezvimwe zvirwere zvinowanzoitika.
Kubva pane mahybrids anobuda, tinosarudza anovimbisa zvakanyanya kudunhu redu. Kubva pagore rechipiri rekurima, isu tinosarudza masampuli ekutanga kuyedzwa (kusarudzwa kunoitwa zvinoenderana neanopfuura makumi mashanu maitiro: isu tinoteerera kune compactness yegwenzi, nhamba yemachubhu, nezvimwewo). Uyezve, vatungamiri vechikamu ichi vanoenda kune miedzo mikuru, uyezve kune vanokwikwidzana. Idzo sarudzo dzinozopedzisira dzaratidza mhedzisiro iri nani mukuenzanisa nemazinga aripo mudunhu redu, tinoendesa kune nyika bvunzo dzakasiyana. Iri ibasa rakareba uye rinonyanya kushanda nesimba.
Mune piggy bank yevapfuri veChuvash Research Institute of Agriculture, kusvika parizvino kune imwe chete mbatatisi yakasiyana-siyana - Avan (patent yekubudirira kwekubereka yakagamuchirwa muna 2020). Avan kubva kuChuvash zvinoreva zvakanaka, zvine utano. Pakati pekutanga zvakasiyana-siyana, zvekushandisa tafura. Iine mharidzo yakaisvonaka: ganda rine pink, nyama yakachena. Mudendere, paavhareji, kubva pa8 kusvika ku12 machubhu makuru (maduku, anorema asingasviki 30 g, angasava zvachose).
Iyo yakasiyana-siyana haina kushuvira kumamiriro ekunze, inopa goho rakanaka mumakore akaoma uye mumwaka ine hunyoro hwakanyanya. Inopikisa phytophthora (kusanganisira matop), nekuda kweganda rakakora rakakodzera kukohwa nemichina.
Asi isu hatimire. Muna 2021, zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yekukwikwidza bvunzo, gumi nemana nhamba dzakasarudzwa. Pakupera kwechando nyanzvi dzedu dzichaongorora kuti maaccessions akapona sei panguva yekuchengetedza: izvo zvakamera kare zvicharambwa (mhando dzakadai dzinogona kunge dziri nyore kune yechipiri tuberization).
Pamusoro pebasa rekuberekesa, Chuvash Research Institute of Agriculture inobata mukugadzirwa kwembeu yekutanga yemhando nomwe dzembatatisi: Zhukovsky kutanga, Avan, Vineta, Courage, Irbitsky, Vympel, Reggi.
Isu tinogadzira mbeu (elite chikamu mbatatisi inotengeswa) kunyanya kumapurazi embatatisi eChuvash Republic, kune zvakare vatengi venguva dzose mudunhu reSamara neRepublic of Kazakhstan. Pakati pevatengi pane vanhu vakazvimiririra (LPH).
Parizvino, kune huwandu hwakakwana hwekugadzira hwemunhu wese, kunyangwe ikozvino, kana pasina zvakawanda zvasara kusvika muchirimo, isu tine imwe nzvimbo yekuchengetedza. Asi zvakakosha kufunga kuti kwemakore akati wandei akateedzana mitengo yetafura mbatatisi muRussia neKazakhstan yaive yakaderera zvakanyanya, uye vashoma vanhu vaida kubata nechirimwa ichi. Gore rakapera, mutengo wembatatisi wakakwira, uye kudiwa kwembeu kwakawedzera.
Mune ramangwana, ndinofunga, iyo nhungamiro ichanyatso kusimudzira, kune mikana yese yekurima mbatatisi murepublic.