Nharaunda: 6,95 mamiriyoni sq. km.
Vagari: 7,9 miriyoni vanhu, iyo 73,64% vagari vemuguta.
Nzvimbo: Dunhu iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweEurasia uye rinotora inenge 40% yenharaunda yeRussian Federation. Mazhinji awo mapani, nzvimbo dzakakwirira nemipata, uye mapani acho anoumba chikamu chinopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvina chenharaunda yacho. Chikamu chakakosha cheFar Eastern Federal District iri muFar North uye nzvimbo dzepermafrost. Kumadokero inoganhurana neSiberian Federal District, kumaodzanyemba neMongolia, China neNorth Korea, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva neJapan negungwa, uye kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva neUnited States.
Mamiriro ekunze hupamhi hwenzvimbo inotarisa shanduko yayo kubva kune yakapinza kondinendi kuenda kune monsoon. Avhareji tembiricha pagore inosiyana kubva -10 ° C kuchamhembe kusvika +6 ° C kumaodzanyemba. Kunaya kwemvura kunoratidzwawo nehupamhi: kubva pa200 mm kusvika 1000 mm. Hunyoro hunyoro hauwire pasi pe65%, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo zvinopfuura 95%. Chando chinouya muna Mbudzi, uye avhareji yaNdira tembiricha inotangira -22 °C kusvika -24 °C. Zhizha rinouya zvishoma nezvishoma, uye mazuva ekutanga anodziya anoitika pakupera kwaMay uye kutanga kwaJune. Avhareji yetembiricha muna Chikunguru: +19°C.
Ivhu: inenge hafu yevhu reko imakomo. Zvakare inowanikwa taiga uye tundra podburs (inenge 19%), taiga uye tundra gley ivhu (15%) uye akasiyana machakwi ivhu (10%). Inopfuura gumi muzana inogarwa nearctic, tundra uye machakwi evhu. Humus-carbonate uye sod-carbonate ivhu inoita 10% yenharaunda yedunhu, podzols uye yakacheneruka yevhu inoita 9% imwe neimwe, inopfuura 8% yevhu yakavharwa ivhu rebrown, inosvika 7% ivhu remafashamo uye inenge 5% iri volcanic.
Nzvimbo yekurima: 18804,8 zviuru mahekita, ayo 4102,3 mahekita ivhu rinorimika.
Muongororo iyi, takaongorora zvakadzama zviratidzo zveiyo sub-indasitiri mumatunhu masere eFar Eastern Federal District kunze kwegumi nerimwe, ane mamiriro akapfava ekurima zvirimwa.
Tinotenda masangano ematunhu e agro-industrial complex nerubatsiro rwavo mukugadzira zvinhu.
Amur Dunhu
Mwaka wapfuura, neavhareji goho re16,95 t/ha, 31,1 zviuru matani ezvigadzirwa akawanikwa.
Vagadziri vakuru vembatatisi ipurazi revarimi "Semena", purazi revarimi "S.E.V.", purazi revarimi Izbosarova E. S., purazi revarimi Nazaretyan A.P., purazi revarimi "Nika", LLC "Laikagro", LLC "Rust-Agro" , Peasant farm Alekseev A. A., Peasant farm Cherutov A. I., Peasant farm Radjabov Sh. N., Rus Vostok LLC, Peasant farm Nesterenko V. P., Peasant farm Kruglikov, Peasant farm Sergienko, Peasant farm Kozhevnikov, Peasant farm Sokovsky V. Yu.
Iyo yega purazi inokura mbeu yepurazi revarimi "S.E.V" gore rega rega inogadzira anosvika mazana mashanu matani embeu dzembatatisi dzemhando yepamusoro. Chikamu chekudyara chekuvandudza kwakasiyana chinotengwa kubva kunze kwedunhu.
Kune chete 42 mbatatisi uye miriwo yekuchengetera nzvimbo munharaunda ine huwandu hwe39,12 zviuru matani. Pakati peizvi, 35% vane yechipiri kugadzirisa uye yekutanga kugadzirisa kugona. Mumapurazi mazhinji, nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza hadzina tariro, izvo zvinotadzisa varimi mukana wekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa gore rose.
Gore rapfuura, kubva kubhajeti redunhu, varimi vakapihwa rutsigiro rwenyika kuti vawedzere kugadzirwa kwembatatisi, chikamu chemitengo yenzvimbo dzekuchengetera yakadzoserwa, zvikwereti zvekudyara uye magrants zvakapihwa, uye kugadzirwa kwembeu dzevakuru kwakatsigirwa.
Mumwaka mutsva, vanoronga kudyara mbatatisi mudunhu munzvimbo ye2,1 zviuru mahekita, iyo 200 mahekita kupfuura muna 2022. Uye mumakore maviri zvakarongwa kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwembatatisi muchikamu chakarongeka kusvika 63 zviuru matani.
Republic of Buryatia
Goho guru mwaka wadarika rakasvika pa29,4 19,58 matani negoho repakati pe2021 t/ha. Muna 24,6, varimi vakaunganidza zviuru makumi maviri nezvina nemazana matanhatu ezviuru zvematani ezvigadzirwa, muna 2020 - 23,7 zviuru matani.
Mabhizinesi makuru ari kuita kurima mbatatisi anosanganisira Healthy Nutrition LLC, Garantiya-2 LLC uye Gazar LLC.
Muna 2023, zvakarongwa kuwedzera nzvimbo iri pasi pembatatisi ne15%, nepo mapurazi matatu akatemerwa mbeu munzvimbo iyi achizopa varimi zvekudyara.
Mumwaka mutsva, matanho ekutsigira varimi vezvirimwa achawedzerwa. Kwete chete masangano ezvekurima uye mapurazi evarimi, asiwo vagari vane zvivakwa zvega uye vakanyoreswa sevanozvishandira vachakwanisa kuvimba nerubatsiro mukati mehurongwa hwemubatanidzwa chirongwa "Kuvandudza Vegetable uye Mbatata Kukura."
Rutsigiro rweHurumende ruchawedzerawo maererano nekugovera mamwe mareti kutsigira kugadzirwa kwembatatisi uye kupa rubatsiro rwekurima mhodzi.
Nharaunda yeJuda Autonomous
Avhareji yegoho mumakore achangopfuura yasvika 32,5 zviuru zvematani, muvhareji wegoho i13,3 t/ha.
Mudunhu iri, mapurazi ega ega nemapurazi ega ega ndiwo ari kuita basa rekurima mbatatisi nemiriwo. Kwenguva yakareba, kushaikwa kwekugadzirwa kwembeu yemuno hakuna kubvumira varimi kuita kuvandudzwa kwakasiyana panguva. Mbeu dzechirimwa dzakatengwa muPrimorsky Territory, asi dzatova mumwaka mutsva pahwaro hwepurazi revarimi Rak A.B. Kurimwa kwembeu mbatatisi dzemhando dzemumba kuchatanga.
Gore rino, kudyara tuber kwakarongwa munzvimbo ye2,5 zviuru mahekita, inotarisirwa kugadzirwa kwakakura ndeye 32,5 zviuru matani. Kupera kwakanaka kwemwaka kunofanirwa kufambiswa nekutora chikamu kwedunhu mukuitwa kwechirongwa chidiki "Kukurudzira kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwembatatisi nemiriwo" mukati mehurongwa hwechirongwa chenyika chekusimudzira kurima uye kudzora misika yezvigadzirwa zvekurima, zvigadzirwa. uye zvokudya.
Zabaykalsky Krai
Mwaka wadarika, goho rembatatisi mudunhu iri rakasvika matani zviuru gumi nemazana matatu negoho repakati pe10,3 t/ha. Muna 12,7 na2021, goho repakati raive 2020 t/ha uye 10,8 t/ha, zvichiteerana.
Kune mapurazi matanhatu makuru arima mbatatisi mudunhu: LLC "New Continent", LLC "Potato yeTransbaikalia", PSK "Kenonsky", LLC "Favorit", Peasant farm Sambueva Ch. B., Peasant farm Dun E. Zh.
Pakupera kwegore rapera, sangano rakarongeka rakapiwa mbeu yembeu ne130% yezvinodiwa, iyo yakasvika kusvika 1,5 zviuru zvematani. Muna 2023, zvakarongwa kugashira anopfuura zviuru gumi nemazana mashanu ematani ezvigadzirwa.
Dunhu rakagadzira pfungwa yekuvandudza kurima mbatatisi, mukati mayo yakarongwa kuti iwedzere kaviri kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa panosvika 2025 uye kuvaka nzvimbo dzekuchengetera dzine huwandu hunosvika zviuru zvishanu zvematani.
Pakati pezviyero zverutsigiro rwehurumende rwemapurazi akasarudzika gore rapfuura, pakanga paine rubatsiro rwechikamu chemutengo wekurima zvirimwa, kugadzirwa kwembeu dzepamusoro, kutenga zvinhu, mabasa, masevhisi, nezvimwe.
Kamchatka Krai
Huwandu hwegoho rembatatisi muchikamu chakarongeka muna 2022 rakasvika zviuru gumi nematanhatu zvematani (negoho re16,1 t/ha), muna 18,61 - zviuru gumi nezvitanhatu zvematani (2021 t/ha), muna 16 - zviuru gumi nezvinomwe zvematani (17,49 t/ha) /ha).
JSC Zarechnoye, SHP Ovoshchevod, LLC Khutorok, nepurazi revarimi reL. V. Michurina vanonyanya kurima mbesa mudunhu.Kholkam Agro LLC ipurazi rembeu rinouchika mbeu dzemhando yepamusoro kuti dziwedzere kutengeswa kuvarimi uye veruzhinji.
Kazhinji, varimi vanopihwa zvekudyara, uye kushaikwa kwembeu yakanyanya kubereka mbatatisi inogadzirwa nekuitora kubva kune mamwe matunhu. Mari yekutora kwayo uye kuendesa inobhadharwa kubva kubhajeti redunhu pachiyero chegumi nemaviri rubles pakirogiramu.
Parizvino, kune nzvimbo makumi maviri neshanu dzekuchengetera miriwo uye mbatatisi mudunhu. Asi mamwe acho akavakwa kumashure kuma25, saka anoda kugadziriswa kukuru uye kushongedzwa nemichina yemazuva ano.
Mukati mehurongwa hwechirongwa chedunhu redunhu "Kuvandudzwa kwekurima uye kudzora misika yezvigadzirwa zvekurima, zvigadzirwa uye chikafu muKamchatka Territory," matanho ari kugadzirwa kutsigira kuvakwa kwezvivakwa zvitsva zvekuchengetedza.
Primorsky Krai
Pakupera kwegore rapfuura, goho rembatatisi rakasvika 64,6 zviuru matani ane avhareji goho 20,12 t/ha, uye nhamba iri kukura. Muna 2021, 62,2 zviuru matani (17,95 t / ha) akaunganidzwa munharaunda, uye muna 2020 - 51,5 zviuru matani (17,34 t / ha).
Vagadziri vakuru vembatatisi vanoramba vari Sovkhoz Fadeevsky LLC, Putsilovskoye LLC, Morozova T. A. peasant farm, A. I. Grishko farm, V. T. Trubitsyn farm, A. V. Efimenko farm, A. T. Tsoi farm, Peasant farm Bondar A. A., Peasant farm Kim D. H.
Kutenda kune basa remasangano esainzi uye mabasa ePutsilovskoye LLC, vagadziri vekurima veko uye huwandu hwevanhu vanopihwa yakakura kubereka mhodzi dzembatatisi.
Kudiwa kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetedza mbatatisi nemiriwo ndeye 90 zviuru zvematani, asi nhasi kune 54 chete nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza dzine simba re 37,6 zviuru zvetani. Mumwaka unouya, hutsva hwematani zviuru zvitatu zvezvigadzirwa zvinotarisirwa kuiswa mukushanda.
Mudunhu iri, mari yekutsigira yenyika inopa rubatsiro rwekutenga michina yakasarudzika uye michina inoshandiswa kugadzira miriwo uye mbatatisi, pamwe nekuvakwa kwechirimo greenhouses. Kudzoserwa kwe20% yemitengo yakananga yekuvaka uye kuvakazve nzvimbo dzekuchengetera inopihwa, pamwe nekubhadharwa kwechikamu chemitengo yekugadzira uye kutengesa mbatatisi nemiriwo yakavhurika.
Sakhalin Oblast
Gore rapfuura, goho rakazara rezvigadzirwa muchikamu chezvigadzirwa zvakasvika zviuru makumi mana nenomwe neshanu zvematani (negoho re47,5 t/ha), muna 24,5 - 2021 zviuru matani (negoho re44,1 t/ha), mu24,1 -m - 202 zviuru matani (goho 47,24 t/ha).
Mabhizinesi gumi nerimwe nemapurazi anopfuura makumi manomwe ari kuita basa rekurima chirimwa ichi. Vagadziri vanotungamira - JSC State Farm Yuzhno-Sakhalinsky, JSC State Farm Teplichny, JSC Sokolovsky, JSC State Farm Zarechnoye, LLC Novoe, Peasant Farm Evtyaev V. G., Peasant Farm Zhuravlev O. S., Peasant Farm "Rus'".
Varimi vemunharaunda vanotenga mbatatisi dzemhando yepamusoro kuti dzivandudze uye dzitsive dzakasiyana mumapurazi embeu mune mamwe matunhu eRussia.
Vagadziri vezvekurima vane 53 nzvimbo dzekuchengetera mbatatisi nemiriwo ine huwandu hwematani zviuru makumi matanhatu nenomwe, manomwe acho akavakwa mumakore gumi apfuura. Midziyo yefiriji inowanikwa munzvimbo nhanhatu dzekuchengetera (yakazara huwandu - 61 zviuru matani).
Rutsigiro mukati mehurongwa hwechikamu chehurumende chirongwa "Kukudziridzwa kwekurima mudunhu reSakhalin uye kudzora misika yezvigadzirwa zvekurima, mbishi uye chikafu" inopihwa kuitira kusimudzira kugadzirwa kwembeu yemhando yepamusoro, kuwedzera kubereka kwevhu kweminda yekurima, uye kupa zvisina hukama. tsigiro yekudzorera chikamu chemitengo yekuita yakaoma yeagrotechnological mabasa.
Kubva 2023, panguva yekuitwa kwechirongwa chemubatanidzwa "Kukudziridzwa kwemaindasitiri emuriwo uye mbatatisi," rutsigiro rwemari kune chikamu chemari yekutsigira kugadzirwa kwembatatisi ichapihwa.
Nzvimbo yembatatisi mumwaka mutsva ichava 1,96 zviuru mahekita, uye hapana zvirongwa zvekuwedzera mune ramangwana. Gross goho richawedzera nekuda kwekuwedzera kwegoho.
Khabarovsk Territory
Muna 2022, nzvimbo iri pasi pembatatisi muchikamu chakarongeka yakawedzera ne4,7% zvichienzaniswa nemwaka wapfuura uye yakasvika mahekita 883, nepo 8,4 zviuru zvematani ezvigadzirwa zvakakohwewa. Nekuda kwekukurumidzira kwechisikigo, mahekita makumi mashanu neshanu ezvirimwa akarasika mudunhu; kurasikirwa kwaitarisirwa kunofungidzirwa pa55 zviuru matani. Avhareji yegoho i4,3 t/ha (13,33% zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura).
Mabhizinesi akakosha ekugadzira mbatatisi ndeaya
SHP Kolos LLC, Chernyaevskoye LLC uye Amur Agricultural Enterprise LLC. Mwaka wadarika pakagadzirwa mapurazi maviri embeu mudunhu iri, ayo akatobura matani mazana matatu ezvekudyara.
Kupihwa kwembeu dzegoho remangwana pakutanga kwegore kwaive ne85% paine chinodiwa che150 thousand tons. Vhoriyamu isipo inorongwa kutengwa kubva kumapurazi anotungamira muSiberia neFar East.
Iwo mavhoriyamu ekuchengetera aripo mbatatisi uye miriwo yekuchengetera nzvimbo ndeye 46 zviuru matani. Asi kuchengetwa kwegore rose kwezvigadzirwa zvekurima kunoda huwandu hunosvika zviuru zana nemakumi mashanu ematani.
Dunhu rine matanho ekutsigira kugadzirisa zvishoma nezvishoma dambudziko iri, kusanganisira rubatsiro rwekuvaka patsva nekuvandudza kwezvivakwa zvekuchengetera. Muna 2022, mamiriyoni makumi maviri nemanomwe rubles akagoverwa nokuda kwezvinangwa izvi, uye muna 27, mamiriyoni makumi matatu nemashanu emadhora akagoverwa mubhajeti yemunharaunda.
Zvirongwa zvemwaka uno zvinosanganisira kuwedzera mavhoriyamu ekugadzira mbatatisi. Zvinoenderana nekufanotaura, dunhu richasvika munzvimbo yakadyarwa ye1,1 zviuru mahekita, kana 124,6% yegore rapfuura.
Irina Berg