Imwe yenzira huru dzekurwisa zvirwere zvembatatisi ndeyekuchengetedzwa kwemakemikari yemiti nerubatsiro rwemishonga. Nekudaro, haina kuchengetedzeka zvakakwana: mishonga yezvipembenene haina kujeka, kazhinji ine chepfu kumhuka nevanhu, uye inogona kukonzera kushomeka, izvo zvinomanikidza zvirimwa kurapwa kakawanda.
Masayendisiti kubva kuFederal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center yeSiberia Branch yeRussia Academy of Sciences" uye nyanzvi kubva kuSiberian Federal University vakagadzira fungicidal gadziriro yenguva refu yekurwisa hutachiona hwembatatisi. Inodzivirira mbatatisi kubva kuzvirwere zvine ngozi uye inowedzera goho. Magadzirirwo acho mafungicides akaiswa mune inoora matrix yebiopolymer yakagadzirwa nema microorganisms akasanganiswa nehupfu hwebirch. Pane imwe nguva muvhu, goko rakadaro rinotanga kupera zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvishoma nezvishoma rinosunungura mushonga. Dosed supply inovimbisa kuiswa kwakachengeteka kwezvakatipoteredza kwefungicides muvhu, kuchengetedzwa kwenguva refu kwezvirimwa kubva kune phytopathogens uye kubvisa kudiwa kwekudzokorora kwakawanda kwekurapa. Zvigumisiro zvechidzidzo zvinobudiswa mu magazini Pest Management Science.
Zvirwere zvakajairika zvembatatisi hutachiona hunokonzerwa nema microorganisms uye fungi. Naizvozvo, mushonga wakagadzirwa wakaedzwa pane akajairika uye anokuvadza mbatatisi pathogens anokonzera Alternaria, black scab uye kunonoka blight.
Kugadzirira kwenguva refu kwakadzidzwa zvose pambatatisi dzakarimwa mukamuri yemamiriro ekunze erabhoritari uye mumunda, umo dzakaiswa muvhu apo mbatatisi dzaidyarwa. Fungicides yakaratidza yakanaka antifungal mhedzisiro, ichidzvanya kukura kwemakoloni ezvirwere zvinokuvadza zvezvirwere zvembatatisi. Uye zvakare, kushandiswa kwemushonga kwakatungamira kumera kwekutanga uye kuwedzera kushingaira kukura kwembatatisi pakatarisana nekuderera kwenzvimbo yekukuvara kwechirimwa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, izvi zvakawedzera goho neinopfuura 70%. Vatsvakurudzi vanocherechedzawo kuti kushandiswa kwefungicides yakagadzirwa kwakaderedza zvinyorwa zve nitrate mumachubhu ne12%.
"Kuita kwemakemikari akajairwa kunotanga pakarepo mushure mekunge apinzwa muvhu, uye nekukurumidza anopera simba. Panyaya yemafungicides akagadzirwa, zvinotora anenge mavhiki maviri kuti kuparadzwa kunoshanda kwepolymer base kutange uye kuburitswa kwezvinhu zvinoshanda muvhu. Kuparadza zvishoma nezvishoma kwepolymer base kunopa kuburitswa kwenguva refu kwezvinhu zvinoshanda uye kupinda kwavo muzvirimwa, izvo zvinodzvinyirira phytopathogens mumwaka wese wekukura. Kubudirira kwemishonga yakadaro yefungicidal inofananidzwa nekugadzirira kwekutengeserana, asi nekuda kwekuderera kwe phytotoxicity, ine mhedzisiro yakanaka pakumera, kukura uye kukura kwembatatisi uye zvakanyanya kuwedzera goho. Kugadzirira kwakagadziridzwa kwete kungodzvinyirira kukura kwezvirwere uye kuwedzera goho rembatatisi, asiwo kubvisa kamwe kamwe kuburitswa kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka, semuenzaniso, panguva yekudiridza kana kunaya, nekuda kwekunangwa uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuburitswa muvhu. Pamusoro pezvo, magadzirirwo achangobva kugadzirwa anoderedza huwandu hwemashandisirwo uye nekudaro njodzi yekupararira uye kuunganidzwa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene mubiosphere, "akadaro Evgeny Kiselev, muongorori paInstitute of Biophysics yeSiberian Branch yeRussia Academy yeScience, Mumiriri we. Technical Sciences.