Alexander Skvortsov, mukuru wedhipatimendi reMbatatisi, kambani yeSumiAgro
Mwaka wa2021, sewakapfuura, uchayeukwa nevarimi vembatatisi vekuRussia nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze akanaka. Kune kumwe kusanaya kwemvura uye, semugumisiro, goho rakaderera munzvimbo dzakawanda, uye kushomeka kwegoho guru munyika yose. Vanhu vashoma vaitarisira mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro. Izvi zvinopa mhedziso iri nyore - kuita fungidziro yegoho, kunyanya kana uchikura munzvimbo dzinonaya mvura, ibasa rekusatenda; mamiriro ekunze anogona "kururamisa" chero kuverenga. Izvo zvakakosha kuvaka tekinoroji kubva pakuona kwe optimization uye yakanyanya kuchinjika kune isingatarisirwe mamiriro uye akasiyana mamiriro.
Iyo SumiAgro kambani inogara ichipa varimi inoshanda, yakavimbika mhinduro. Kubva 2021, portfolio yekambani iyi inosanganisira insecto-fungicidal protectant Prestige®. Ichi chigadzirwa chinodzivirira zvakavimbika mbesa dzembatatisi kubva kune hombe pathogen - rhizoctonia, uye zvakare inodzora zvipembenene muhafu yekutanga yemwaka wekukura.
Chii chachinja muPrestige® disinfectant? SumiAgro yakasiya kugadzirwa kwemumba uye yakadzosera mhando kune yepamusoro-soro; chigadzirwa chinogadzirwa zvakare mumafekitori eEurope. Asi handizvo zvese: muchirimo cha2021, pahwaro hweVNIIF, ruzivo rwakaiswa patangi musanganiswa wePrestige® ine azoxystrobin (1 l/ha yemushonga) uye thiophanate-methyl (maviri madosi e1,0 uye 1,5 l/ ha yemishonga). Thiophanate-methyl ndiyo inoshandiswa yefungicide Topsin-M® (500 g/l), inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuchengetedza zviyo kubva pakuora kwemidzi. Pasi rese, uye kunyanya kuNorth America, iyo methyl thiophanate molecule inoshandiswa muzvirimwa zvakawanda, kusanganisira kurapa mhodzi dzembatatisi. Huwandu hwezvirwere zvinodzorwa hwakakura kwazvo. Muna 2021, kutanga kuyedza, takashandisa mhodzi yeArizona mbatatisi, iyo yakakanganiswa zvakanyanya nerhizoctonia (7%), sirivheri scab (15%) uye anthracnose (4%). Mukuwedzera, ma tubers akadyarwa mumunda wekuedza umo mbatatisi yakanga yarimwa kwemakore akawanda. Nokudaro, tsvakurudzo yakaitwa pamusoro pehupamhi hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwakasiyana-siyana hwembatatisi. Misanganiswa yetangi yakashandiswa panguva yekudyara. Kudzora sora kwakajairwa uye marapiro matanhatu efungicidal akaiswawo.
№ п / п | Sarudzo | Processing mhando | Kushandiswa kwemushonga |
1 | Prestige® | Kuwedzera kugadzirira kune ivhu panguva yekudyara | (3 l/ha) |
2 | Prestige® + Topsin M® | Kuwedzera kugadzirira kune ivhu panguva yekudyara | (3 malita/ha) + (1,0 l/ha) |
3 | Prestige® + Topsin M® | Kuwedzera kugadzirira kune ivhu panguva yekudyara | (3 malita/ha) +(1,5 l/ha) |
4 | Prestige® + azoxystrobin 250 g/l | Kuwedzera kugadzirira kune ivhu panguva yekudyara | (3 malita/ha) +(1,0 l/ha) |
5 | Kudzora (hapana chimiro) | Hapana kugadzirisa | - |
Chiyero chekuputika kwezvirimwa ne rhizoctonia chakatorwa katatu pamwaka muzvikamu: kumera kwakakwana, maruva uye zuva rimwe chete tisati takohwa. Utachiona hwezvirimwa neanthracnose hwakaongororwa zuva rimwe chete tisati takohwa. Chiitiko chemachubhu ane sirivheri scab uye fusarium yakaongororwa mavhiki mashanu mushure mekukohwa uchishandisa nzira yekutaura (M. A. Kuznetsova, 5). Migumisiro inofadza yakawanikwa (ona tafura iri pasi apa).
Phytometric zviratidzo zvezvirimwa zvembatatisi uye kukura kwerhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia solani) pamatanho akasiyana ekukura kwezvirimwa (zvakasiyana Arizona, VNIIF, Ramenskaya Gorka, 2021)
№№ | Sarudzo | Avhareji yenhamba yemadzinde (zvidimbu/gwenzi) | 1Nhamba yemadzinde akabatwa,% | 2Nhamba yemadzinde akabatwa,% | 3Nhamba yemadzinde akabatwa,% | Avhareji yedhigirii yekukuvadza kune madzinde, zvibodzwa | Avhareji dhigirii yekukuvara kwe stolon, zvibodzwa | 3Kukuvadzwa kwemachubhu panguva yekukohwa,% |
1 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) | 5,41 / 5,522/ 5,53 | 1,3 | 3,8 | 11,4 | ед1... / 0,32/ 0,43 | units1 / chikwata2 /unit3 | 03 |
2 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + Topsin-M® (1,0 l/ha) | 5,5 / 5,5 / 5,5 | 1,5 | 4,1 | 10,8 | zvikamu/0,3/0,4 | units / chikwata/chikamu | 03 |
3 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l/ha) | 5,6 / 5,5 / 5,5 | 1,2 | 3,7 | 7,1 | zvikamu/0,2/0,3 | mayunitsi/mayuniti | 03 |
4 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g/l (1,0 l/ha) | 5,5 / 5,6 / 5,5 | 0 | 1,2 | 3,6 | 0/chikamu/0,2 | units / chikwata/chikamu | 03 |
7 | Kudzora (pasina kugadzirisa) | 4,5 / 4,5 / 4,4 | 26,2 | 56,1 | 60,3 | 1,0 / 2,0 / 2,0 | 1,0 / 2,0 / 2,0 | 0 |
NDS0,95 | 0,2 / 0,2 / 0,3 | 3,0 | 3,2 | 4,0 | 0/0,2/0,3 | 0/1 | - |
2 paunenge uchifunga nezvechikamu chemaruva chemiti
3 zuva rimwe chete kukohwa kusati kwasvika
Mushonga wePrestige® wakaratidza kuve chigadzirwa chinoshanda zvakanyanya kurwisa rhizoctoniosis. Kuwedzerwa kweTopsin-M® uye azoxystrobin semubatsiri kwakawedzera kushanda uye kuderedza kukuvadzwa kwemadzinde panguva dzese nhatu dzeongororo. Mhedzisiro huru yakawanikwa nekuwedzerwa kweTopsin-M® 1,5 l uye azoxystrobin (250 g / l) 1,0 l / ha, kubudirira kwacho kwakanga kusingaverengeki pakati pekuongorora kwechipiri nekwechitatu. Sarudzo dzese dzakapa XNUMX% dziviriro ye stolons uye, zvakanyanya kukosha, machubhu, uye mushonga wakatarisana nebasa racho zvakakwana pasina kuwedzera shamwari.
Kuda kwezvirimwa zvembatatisi neanthracnose pamatanho ekupedzisira ebudiriro, % (zvakasiyana Arizona, VNIIF, Ramenskaya Gorka, 2021.)
№№ | Sarudzo | Kudyarwa kwezvirimwa neanthracnose,% |
1 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) | 12,6 |
2 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + Topsin-M® (1,0 l/ha) | 9,7 |
3 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l/ha) | 8,6 |
4 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g/l (1,0 l/ha) | 5,3 |
5 | Kudzora (pasina kugadzirisa) | 14,3 |
NDS0,95 | 3,9 |
Mhedzisiro yakafanana yakacherechedzwa pakutonga kweanthracnose; kushandiswa kwetangi musanganiswa kwakawedzera kutonga kwepathogen iyi; iyo yakanyanya kuwanikwa zvakare neyakasiyana Topsin-M® 1,5 l/ha uye azoxystrobin (250 g/l) 1,0 l/ ha.
Kuda kwembatatisi tubers neyakajairwa scab, sirivheri scab uye kunonoka blight-fusarium rot, % (zvakasiyana Arizona, VNIIF, Ramenskaya Gorka, 2021)
№№ | Sarudzo | Kudiwa kwemachubhu neyakajairwa scab,% | Kuda machubhu nesirivheri scab, *% | Kudiwa kwemachubhu nekunonoka blight-fusarium rot,% |
1 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) | 0 | 3,2 | 2,2 |
2 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + Topsin-M® (1,0 l/ha) | 0 | 2,7 | 1,9 |
3 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l/ha) | 0 | 2,8 | 2,3 |
4 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g/l (1,0 l/ha) | 0 | 1,8 | 2,2 |
7 | Kudzora (pasina kugadzirisa) | 0 | 9,7 | 2,3 |
NDS0,95 | 0 | 1,5 | 0,9 |
Mamiriro egore ra2021 akange asina kukonzeresa kugadzirwa kweyakajairika scab: kuumbwa kwemachubhu kwakaitika panguva yekunaya kwemvura uye, nekudaro, hunyoro hwevhu hwakanyanya, izvo zvaisatendera actinomycete kupinda mumachubhu ari kusimukira eArizona mbatatisi dzakasiyana. Mune zvese zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuedza, kuderedzwa kukuru kwechiitiko chesirivheri scab kwakaonekwa kuchienzaniswa nekutonga (3 kana kupfuura nguva), kusanganisira kana yakarapwa nePrestige® mune yayo yakachena fomu, iyo inoratidza kushanda kwakanyanya kwepencycuron kurwisa chirwere ichi. . Kuwedzerwa kwe thiophanate-methyl mune ese madosi uye azoxystrobin kwakawedzera kuderedza chiitiko chesirivheri scab. Zvirwere zviviri izvi zvakanyorwa mavhiki mashanu mushure mekunge machubhu akachengetwa kuti achengetedzwe.
Mibairo yegoho inoratidzwa mutafura iri pazasi.
Potato goho (LPY) 0,95= 27,5) uye kutengeswa kwemachubhu mune yakaenzaniswa yekuedza sarudzo, akasiyana Arizona, VNIIF, Ramenskaya Gorka, 2021, (NSR 0,95 = 3,7)
Kuwedzera kwegoho rembatatisi mumhando dzakaedzwa zvichienzaniswa nedziviriro yakadzivirirwa (mishonga mitanhatu nefungicides kubva kunonoka blight neAlternaria) kubva pa41,4 kusvika 52,2 c/ha. Kushandiswa kwePrestige® (3 l/ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l/ha), Prestige® (3 l/ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g/l (1,0 l/ha) yakaratidza kushanda kwakanyanya kurwisa zvirwere. Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum kodhi, Helminthosporium solani. Pakave nekuwedzera kwekutengesa kwemachubhu kubva pa78% kusvika 87-89%. Kuwedzera kwekutonga (nemishonga mitanhatu yefungicidal) yaiva 52,2 uye 49,4 c/ha, zvichiteerana. Musiyano uripo pakati pezvisarudzo izvi hauna kukosha; zvinoshanda zvakaenzana. Musiyano wakapetwa kaviri mumutengo wehekita yakajairwa yegadziriro dzevadyidzani unoratidza kushanda kwakanyanya kwehupfumi hwePrestige® 3,0 l/ha + Topsin-M® 1,5 l/ha sarudzo. Nekudaro, iyo insecto-fungicidal kugadzirira Prestige® inovimbika kudzivirirwa kwembeu uye inogona kushanda seyakanakisa hwaro hwematangi musanganiswa (yekurapa minda inoratidzwa neyakakura inotapukira kumashure).
Mukupedzisa, ndinoda kutaura kuti parizvino hapana mhinduro yakanaka muchikamu chekurapa mbatatisi tubers. Vanhu vazhinji vanodzidzira matangi musanganiswa, uye Prestige® hwaro hwakavimbika kwavari. Izvi ndizvo zvakaratidzwa nechiitiko charondedzerwa pamusoro apa.