Nguva kubva mukuvhuvhuta kwa2021 kusvika pakutanga kwezhizha ra2022 yakadzika munhoroondo yeindasitiri senguva yembatatisi inodhura; yakava imwe yeakanyanya kubudirira kune vanogadzira zvigadzirwa zvematafura uye yakaoma kwazvo kugadzirisa mabhizinesi. Kugadziridza vatori vechikamu vemusika vanoongorora mwaka wazvino sekudzikama, asi kwete-isina dambudziko.
Dambudziko reshumba rakakonzerwa nekunaya kwemvura, uko kwakawedzera nguva yekukohwa munzvimbo dzakawanda. "Ndanga ndichishanda mune zvekurima kwenguva yakareba, asi handiyeuki rimwe gore apo mbatatisi dzakakohwewa November asati apera," anodaro Alexander Shatalov, mukuru mukuru wepurazi reBryansk "Melensky Potato", "zvisinei nezvose. kuedza kwakaitwa, zvimwe zvezvigadzirwa zvakaramba zviri mumunda, iyi i181 ha."
Kuchenesa panguva yekutonhora hakugone asi kukanganisa kunaka kwezvigadzirwa. “Takapedza basa racho patembiricha ye +1° C, uye kwete pa +10° C, sezvakakurudzirwa,” anoenderera mberi Alexander Shatalov, “somugumisiro, zvimwe zvezvigadzirwa (mhando dzemachip) zvinopfuura mwero weshuga. Iye zvino mbatatisi dziri mudura, zvishoma nezvishoma dzichidziya, shuga iri kudzikira, asi maitiro ari kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma. "
Papurazi reVesta Tambov, vakakwanisa kukohwa mbatatisi zvachose, asi mhando yemamwe mabheti yakatambura. "Zvakaitika kuti gore rino takachera mhando dzekupedzisira," anotsanangura kudaro mutevedzeri wemukuru webhizimisi Viktor Solenkov, "kukohwa kwakapedzwa pasi pesinou, uye 5-8 muzana yevhoriyamu yakaoma nechando. Dai taitaura nezve ware mbatatisi, hatingabati nzvimbo iyi: chigadzirwa chakadaro hachigone kuchengetwa. Asi vakatitora kuti tigadzirise, zvisinei nekudzikiswa zvishoma kwemutengo wekutenga, uye tinotenda zvikuru kambani yevatengi nekuda kweizvi. "
Mabhizinesi ekugadzirisa anonyunyuta nezvemhando yezvigadzirwa, asi anomanikidzwa kuchinjika kumamiriro ezvinhu.
"Munharaunda yeRyazan, uko kune bhizinesi redu, mbatatisi zhinji dzakavigwa pasi pechando, uye izvo zvatakakwanisa kuunganidza hazvina kukwana," anogovera ruzivo kubva kumukuru weKasimov Potato Processing Plant, Yuri Mironov, " uye isu tinofanirwa kudzikisa zvinodiwa kune zvigadzirwa. Kuti tigadzire fries, tinogamuchira mbatatisi ine shuga yakawandisa, asi usaiise mukugadzira, asi utumire kunochengeterwa. Pashure penguva yakati, shuga inodzokera kune yakajairika, uye tinoisa mbatatisi kushanda.
Chips factory Lorenz Snack World Production Kirishi zvakare yakavimbika zvakanyanya kune vatengesi vezvigadzirwa. Sergei Kokovin, maneja wekutenga nekugovera mbatatisi anoti: “Gore rino, tinofanira kutora zvinowanika pamusika.” “Chokwadi, ndinoda zvemhando yepamusoro. Dambudziko guru rezvigadzirwa zvinouya kwatiri hazvisi zveshuga zvakanyanya semakanika. Kune mbatatisi dzakawanda dzine hurema. Chikonzero chakajeka - kunonoka kukohwa: machipisi akakwira-starch haashingirire kukuvadzwa kwemuchina, kunyanya kana basa richiitwa nekudziya kwakadzika.
Uye zvakadaro, zvisinei nemamiriro ezvinhu, ma processor anotenda kuti mwaka uri kufamba zvakanaka. Sergei Kokovin anoti, “Iye zvino tatova nezvipo zvakakwana kubva kune vatengesi, “zvinhu zvinogadzirwa zvinounzwa kubva kumatunhu eLeningrad, Novgorod, Tver, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Bryansk. (chirimwa chiri munharaunda yeLeningrad - ed.)".
Imwezve mukana wakakosha wemwaka kusapokana pakati pevagadzirisi nevarimi maererano nemitengo yezvigadzirwa. Gore rino, pakatarisana nekusava nekushayikwa kwembatatisi uye mutengo wakaderera wezvigadzirwa zvekudya, ivo vakadonha. Semuenzaniso, Kasimovsky Potato Processing Plant yakaderedza mitengo yekutenga nehafu kana ichienzaniswa negore rapfuura. Huwandu hwemabhizinesi makuru akachinjira kumitengo ine simba, inobatanidza mutengo wezvigadzirwa kumusika.
"Mwaka wapfuura, varimi vazhinji vakaramba kushanda nemapurosesa nekuda kwemitengo yakasimba yekondirakiti," anodaro Viktor Solenkov, "nekuda kweizvozvo, chirimwa chatinoshanda nacho chakachinja mamiriro ekushandira pamwe: mutengo wezvigadzirwa zvino zvinoenderana nechiyero. yemitengo yezvigadzirwa zvematafura muchikamu chekutengesa (-20% yemusika). Mwaka uno, zvese zvakavimbiswa zvakazadzikiswa zvakajeka. Mutengo wacho wakave wakanaka, uye mutengi akapa yake yekufambisa, mbatatisi dzakatorwa pasina kurongedza, "netsvina" (huremu hwenyika hwakabva hwabviswa, hongu), uye tsvina gore rino yakasvika kusvika. 20% yegoho. "
"Zvibvumirano zvekutengesa zvakasainwa muchirimo chapfuura, zvinopa mukana wekugadzirisa mutengo zvichienderana nemamiriro emusika," anowedzera Alexander Shatalov, "mitengo yakajairika, kunyanya kana ukafunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu: tinotumira mbatatisi muhuwandu, pasina kurongedza, pasina kurongedza nehukuru uye kunaka. Tichifunga izvi, zviri nani kushanda nema processor pane nemacheni ezvitoro; kune matambudziko mashoma. ”
Zvichiri kunetsa kufanotaura kuti zviitiko zvichagadzirika sei muindasitiri isati yatanga kukohwa kutsva. Nyanzvi dzinotaura nezve mukana wekuita zviitiko zvakasiyana.
"Kukohwa mbatatisi muna 2022 kwanga kusina kushata," Yuri Mironov anotaura maonero ake, "asi tichifunga kuti hazvisi zvese zvakakohwewa, mukana wekushomeka kwezvigadzirwa haugone kubviswa. Ukuwo, gore rakapfuura munhu wese aitya kuti hapazove nembatatisi yakakwana kusvika zhizha, asi pakupera kwemwaka takapihwa huwandu hwakadaro hwembatatisi zvekuti takakwanisa kusarudza mhando uye kuderedza mitengo yekutenga. .”
Vatengesi vembatata havasati vagadzirira kufanotaura chaiko.
"Tinoedza kutevedzera zvibvumirano; kutsauka kubva kuhuwandu hunotsanangurwa muzvibvumirano, sekutonga, hazvipfuuri 10%," anodaro Alexander Shatalov. "Asi gore rino zvese zvinoenderana nekuti mbatatisi dzinodziya here." Kana ma tubers asvika padanho rinodiwa maererano nehuwandu hwehuga, hapafaniri kuva nematambudziko. Mutengi wedu mukuru, mugadziri mukuru wechips, anoziva nezvemamiriro ezvinhu aya. "
Kuita zvirongwa zvenguva yakareba kwakatonyanya kuoma. Nekudaro, iyo indasitiri inoramba ichikura. MuRussia, mabhizinesi matsva ari kuvakwa uye kugadzirwa kweaya anotozivikanwa pamusika kuri kuwedzera. Kunyanya, fekitori yakakura kwazvo yemumba yekugadzirwa kweFrench fries, "Wee Fry" (Lipetsk region), haisiye zvirongwa zvakambotaurwa. "Kuitwa kwezvivakwa zvitsva zvebhizinesi kunotarisirwa mukati megore," anodaro Sergei Marchenko, director webudiriro yechirimwa ichi. "Mutsetse wechipiri wekugadzira uchaita kuti tiwedzere kuburitswa kwezvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa kusvika matani mazana maviri nemakumi maviri neshanu pagore uye huwandu hwehuwandu hwekugadzira mbatatisi kusvika 225 matani pagore."
Panguva imwecheteyo, Sergei Marchenko anotaura zvipingamupinyi zvikuru zvekuwedzera kuwedzera huwandu hwekugadzirisa mbatatisi panguva ino sekushomeka kwembatatisi yembeu yekugadzira zvigadzirwa uye kushomeka kwenzvimbo dzinodiridzwa pamapurazi eRussia.
Varimi vagadzirira here kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemhando dzemhando dzekugadzira? Nechinangwa, iri harisi basa riri nyore kunyangwe kune nyanzvi.
"Pachiri kudiwa zvekushandisa kubva kune vanogadzira," anodaro Alexander Shatalov, "uye isu hatikwanise kuzvigutsa, kunyangwe purazi redu riine ruzivo rwakakura mukurima mhando dzakakodzera. Tinoita kondirakiti yevhoriyamu imwe chete, asi kutaura idi hazvibviri kuizadzisa zvizere: dzimwe nguva kukohwa kunokundikana, dzimwe nguva munda unoramba usina kukohwewa, dzimwe nguva chimwe chinhu.”
Asi kutarisisa kune chikamu ichi kubva kuvarimi, sekureva kwenyanzvi, kuri kuwedzera - kunyanya nekuda kwekuvimbiswa purofiti.
"Mushure megore rino, maererano nekuona kwangu, mapurazi akawanda zvakare anofarira zvikuru kugadzirisa," anodaro Viktor Solenkov. - Iyi igwara rinovimbisa. Pane zvimwe zvinhu zvetekinoroji zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa (semuenzaniso, tembiricha yekuchengetera mbatatisi yekugadzira yakakwira uye inofanirwa kurapwa nekukura inhibitors kubva munaNovember), asi zvese zvinogona kugadziriswa. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti nekukura mbatatisi pasi pechibvumirano, mugadziri anogamuchira inenge yakarongwa purofiti. Dai tanga tichingopinda mumusika uye isu tisina mutengi wembatatisi dzetafura, taizonyanya kutarisa kugadzira mhando dzeFrench fries. "
Murimi wezvekurima ane chokwadi chekuti chimwe chinokurudzira chekuwedzera zvirongwa zvekugadzira mbatatisi pakugadzirisa zvinogona kuve kuunzwa kwemhando itsva dzinobereka zvakanyanya.
"Parizvino, munzvimbo imwe chete yemunda, mhando yetafura yedu inobereka 60 t/ha, uye fry yakasiyana-siyana inobereka 50 t / ha, ine teknolojia yekukura imwe chete," akazvidemba Viktor Solenkov, "zvinobuda kuti kuwedzera. nzvimbo yembatatisi Hazvibatsiri zvakanyanya kuti isu tigadzirise. Takaedza kudyara mhando itsva dzemafries, uye imwe yacho yakaratidza mhedzisiro yakanaka, asi kusvika parizvino mutengi haana chirongwa chembeu chazvo.
Kana mhando dzinodiwa dzichaonekwa pamusika wedu uye munguva ipi zvichaitika pasi pemamiriro azvino imibvunzo yatisina mhinduro kwayo.