Nharaunda: 18 sq. km
Vagari: 1 vanhu, avo 197% vagari veguta.
Nzvimbo: Republic iri kumabvazuva kweEast European Plain, kunyanya kubhanga rekurudyi reVolga, pakati pematavi ayo Sura neSviyaga.
Mamiriro ekunze kondinendi yakapfava ine mwaka yakasiyana, inoratidzirwa nechando chechando uye kupisa kwezhizha. Kunaya kunowira kunyanya muchando nezhizha (kubva pa450 kusvika 550 mm pagore).
Rubatsiro: yakaoma uye yakasiyana-siyana. Panharaunda yerepublic kune nzvimbo dzakakwirira uye dzakadzika, migero yakadzika, makomo edune, nzvimbo dzakadzika dzakadzika.
Ivhu: chernozems, grey sango, sod-podzolic, chikamu alluvial. Iyo inonyanya kufarira zvekurima ndeye chernozems, asi mugove wavo wakaderera.
Nzvimbo yekurima nzvimbo: 934,6 zviuru mahekita.
Iyo Republic of Chuvashia ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo huru inogadzira mbatatisi yeNon-Chernozem zone yeRussia, uye netsika inotora nzvimbo inotungamira pakati pematunhu eVolga Federal District maererano negoho rembatatisi. Mavhoriyamu ekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa akapetwa kaviri zvinodiwa nevagari vemurepublic.
Nzvimbo yekudyara mbatatisi, zviuru zvehekita | |||||
2019 gore | 2020 gore | 2021 gore | |||
K(F)X | Masangano ezvekurima | K(F)X | Masangano ezvekurima | K(F)X | Masangano ezvekurima |
3,28 | 3,14 | 2,41 | 2,62 | 2,54 | 2,46 |
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mumakore mashoma apfuura, mitengo yekuunganidza muchikamu chakarongeka iri kuderera. Sezvakaita mune mamwe matunhu mazhinji eRussia, kuwandisa kwembatatisi kwakacherechedzwa muChuvashia, mitengo yezvigadzirwa yakaderera kusvika padanho remutengo uye pazasi, uye varimi vekurima vakarasikirwa nekufarira chirimwa ichi. Muna 2021, kudiwa kwembatatisi kwakatanga kukura, asi mamiriro ekunze akadzivirira goho rakanaka: nzvimbo huru dzekurima mbatatisi dzakarohwa zvakanyanya nekusanaya kwemvura.
Parizvino, musika unoratidzwa nemutengo wakanaka wevagadziri vembatatisi nemiriwo. Panyaya iyi, mamwe mabhizinesi makuru ekurima akasarudza kuwedzera nzvimbo yekudyara.
Gross goho rembatatisi, zviuru zvepakati | |||||
K(F)X | Masangano ezvekurima | ||||
2019 gore | 2020 gore | 2021 gore | 2019 gore | 2020 gore | 2021 gore |
873,35 | 550,24 | 532,02 | 879,74 | 626,23 | 544,69 |
Goho rembatatisi, c/ha | |||
2019 gore | 2020 gore | 2021 gore | |
K(F)X | 267,8 | 228,3 | 241,8 |
Masangano ezvekurima | 283,3 | 239,6 | 222,6 |
Kutungamira mabhizinesi ekurima mbatatisi
267 mabhizinesi ekurima ari kuita kurima mbatatisi muRepublic, iyo makumi matatu nemaviri inogona kuverengerwa yakakura (yakasimwa nzvimbo inopfuura makumi mashanu mahekita).
Iyo huru yekugadzira inoiswa muBatyrevsky, Kozlovsky, Komsomolsky makanzuru ematunhu. Ivo vanotora 43,3% yenzvimbo yembatatisi muchikamu chikuru chezvigadzirwa (2205 ha).
Bhizinesi guru rekurima mbatatisi muChuvash Republic rinoonekwa zvakakodzera boka remakambani "Kubwinya kune Potato" (inotungamirirwa naIdiatullin Khasiyatulla Semigullovich). Kushandiswa kweazvino masisitimu ekusimudzira, kushandiswa kwekudyara zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro-inobereka yemhando dzepamusoro uye dzekunze sarudzo - zvese izvi ndizvo kiyi yekubudirira bhizinesi rembatatisi kwemakore makumi maviri.
Iyo yakazara nzvimbo yekurima mbatatisi muna 2021 yakasvika 680 mahekita.
Mabhizinesi eboka remakambani anopiwa zvivakwa zvemazuva ano zvekuchengetera mbatatisi zvine inodzorwa microclimate system. Gore rega rega, pahwaro hweBoka reMakambani, Zuva reMunda weMbatatisi rinoitwa nekutora chikamu kwevagadziri vemichina yekurima, vatengesi vezvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira zvirimwa, uye vanogadzira zvekurima.
Nzvimbo dzakakosha dzekurima mbatatisi dzinogoverwa gore negore muPeasant (purazi) hupfumi hweSemenov Ivan Vasilyevich. Muna 2021, purazi rakarima mbatatisi munzvimbo ye190 mahekita. Iyo bhizinesi inoshingairira kushandisa reclamation masisitimu mubasa rayo, inowedzera kuchengetedza masimba.
Pakati pevatungamiriri maererano nekugadzirwa kwembatatisi muRepublic, munhu anogona zvakare kunyora purazi rePeasant (kurima) raYamukov Gennady Nikolaevich, LLC Agrofirma Tayabinka, LLC Agrofirma Istok. Mapurazi anoshandisa matekinoroji epamusoro, anoshandisa midziyo yemazuva ano ine simba.
Infrastructure
Kazhinji, republic inopihwa masimba ekuchengetedza mbatatisi. Iyo yakazara nzvimbo yezvivakwa zvekuchengetera imwe-nguva yekuchengetedza i180 zviuru matani, iyo inodarika zvakanyanya kuwanda kwekugadzirwa muchikamu chikuru. Panguva imwecheteyo, pane chido chekuchengetedza zvivako zvinobvumira kuchengetedza kwenguva refu (kusvika munaEpril-May) pasina kurasikirwa kwehutano.
Matanho ekutsigira
Kuti uwedzere kukura kwembatatisi muRepublic, marudzi anotevera ekutsigirwa kwenyika anopiwa:
- kubhadharwa kwechikamu chemari yekutenga mbeu dzepamusoro dzezvirimwa zvekurima - kusvika ku80% yemitengo;
- rubatsiro rusina hukama mumunda wekurima zvirimwa (pa 1 ha yenzvimbo yekudyara);
- rubatsiro rwekutenga michina yekurima (kusanganisira leasing) - kusvika ku40% yemutengo;
- rubatsiro rwekutenga midziyo yekudzorera ivhu - kusvika ku50% yemitengo;
- rubatsiro mukuita basa rekuvandudza kubereka kwevhu - kusvika ku90% yemitengo;
- kukweretesa kwechibvumirano;
- muripo we20% yemitengo yakananga yakaitwa pakuvaka nzvimbo dzekuchengetera mbatatisi.
Kubereka uye kugadzirwa kwembeu
MuChuvash Republic, basa rinoenderera mberi mukugadzira mhando nyowani dzembatatisi (vapfuri veChuvash Research Institute of Agriculture vari kuita danho iri) uye kuwana mhodzi dzemhando yepamusoro.
Boka remakambani "Glory to Potato" riri kuita chirongwa chekugadzira nzvimbo yekusarudza uye yekukura mbeu pahwaro hwe LLC "Agrofirma" Kubwinya kune Mbatata - Yalchiki ". Chirimwa chinoshandisa rabhoritari yekuparadzira microclonal yezvirimwa.
Agrofirma Glory to Potato - Yalchiki LLC iri kushanda nekubudirira kuwana yekutanga uye yepakutanga mbeu yembeu (microplants, minitubers, 1st field generation, super-superelite), elite mhodzi mbatatisi (superelite, elite).
Sechikamu chepurojekiti, ASK-Yalchiki LLC inokura mhando nyowani dzemumba dzinovimbisa: Meteor, Gulliver, Flame, Krasa Meshchery.
Rondedzero yemapurazi embeu yembatatisi inosanganisirawo Chuvash Research Institute of Agriculture - bazi reFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "FANC yeNorth-East yakatumidzwa zita reN.V. Rudnitsky, LLC Agrofirma Slava Potato, LLC Agrofirma Tayabinka, LLC Agrokhmel. Iyo rejista inoumbwa gore rega nebazi reFederal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" muChuvash Republic.
Kudzokorora
Mabhizinesi akati wandei ekugadzira mbatatisi anoshanda munharaunda yerepublic. Pakati peizvi, zvitatu zvinonyanya kugadzirwa nembatatisi starch: NPO Promservis JSC (isina-chikafu starch), Chuvashenkrakhmal LLC, uye Poretsky Starch OJSC. Mabhizinesi maviri anogadzira mbatatisi dzakaomeswa: TAV LLC uye K (F) Kh Gafarov I.T. Shemurshinsky dunhu.
Izvo zvinhu zvakapihwa nedhipatimendi rekugadzira zvirimwa, mechanization, makemikari uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvirimwa zveBazi rezvekurima reChuvash Republic.