Ndezvechokwadi sei kuwana (ingowana chete, kwete kuwana kubva mukutengesa zvigadzirwa) 2000 euros pahekita? Ndezvechokwadi here kuwana 2000 euros / ha pazvirimwa zvemumunda? "Chaizvoizvo," anodaro Sergei Samonenko, director weVimal.
Starch mhando - kuponeswa mbatata inokura
Iyo Vimal kambani ichangoburitsa chakakura starch chirimwa muEastern Europe muChernigov. Iyo midziyo yakaiswa pairi inogona kugadzirisa 1440 matani ematatata pazuva. Chikamu chekutanga, chinokwanisa kugadzirisa 700 t / zuva, ratove kushanda. Iyo starch inogadzirwa pano inosangana neese emhando yepamusoro zviyero uye yakatotumirwa kuTurkey, China uye kunyangwe Holland - nzvimbo yepasi rese yekugadzira starch. “Uye izvi zviri pachena kuti hazvisi zvekutengesa zvakare. Nekuti vatengesi vechiDutch vanotengesa pasi rese havatore starch kubva kwatiri, asi vanouya nemabhegi avo ane marangi, vanorongedza starch yedu mukati mavo kufekitori yedu voitumira kuChina, ”anodaro Sergei Samonenko. Kugadzira chigadzirwa chakasimba kudaro, Vimal ikozvino iri kushingaira kugadzira denderedzwa revatengesi. Panguva imwecheteyo, chirimwa hachidi chero mbatatisi, asi ine yakanyanya starch yezvinhu. Semuenzaniso, kana zvirimo starch zviri makumi maviri muzana, chirimwa chakagadzirira kubhadhara 20 euros / kg. "Isu tinobhadhara mbatatisi 0,09% kupfuura yavanobhadhara muEuropean Union," anodaro S. Samonenko. Chete chaiwo starch mamaki anogona kupa yakakwira starchiness. Zvakanaka, pamwe nyangwe machipisi - kana chigadzirwa nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero chisingagutse anogadzira machipisi, kana kana, senge mugore rapfuura, mamiriro ekunze akagadzirwa kuitira kuti panzvimbo pe30% yakaratidzirwa mukutsanangurwa kwemhando dzakasiyana, starch yezvinhu yaive yese makumi maviri muzana, uye tambidza iyi mbatatisi dzimwe nguva zvakave zvinobatsira zvakanyanya kune starch chirimwa pane kune chichi chirimwa.
Mutungamiriri wekambani "Vimal" Sergey Samonenko
Kurimwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzemastarch, sekutaura kwaSamonenko, kuri kungounzwa muUkraine. Iko zvino mugove wemhando dzakadai unodarika isingasviki gumi muzana yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakasvibirwa zvinounzwa kuVimal. Mamwe ese zvigadzirwa zvisina kutsarukana zvemhando dzechip (starch yezvinhu 10-14%) kana mhando dzematafura (starch yezvinhu 16-10%). Ehezve, nekuomarara kwakadai, mutengo wekubvumirwa haubvumidze kuverenga kune chero muhoro: kana kungobatsira chimwe chinhu chembatatisi isina kutsarukana, kana pasina huwandu hwevuruve kuvapa idzi mbatatisi.
Nhasi, Vimal inogamuchira mbatatari pamutengo unotevera: ine starch yezvinyorwa zve10-13% - 0,03-0,04 euros / kg; 13-15% - 0,05-0,06 euros / kg; 15-18% - 0,06-0,07 euros / kg; zvinopfuura 18% - kubva ku0,07 EUR / kg. Asi mapurazi mazhinji embatatisi akatotanga kutora hanya nemhando dzemastarch. Mamiriro ezvinhu emusika akavasundira kune izvi: kuwanda kwematapiri etafura kwakakonzera mitengo yakadai yekupedzisira zvekuti mapurazi akafunga sarudzo yekudzima kurima mbatatisi, kutengesa michina yakasarudzika uye kutarisisa chibage nemushonga wezuva. Naizvozvo, mune ino mamiriro, kurimwa kwemastarch marudzi anogona kuve ruponeso kumapatatiri mapurazi kwenguva chero bedzi chizvarwa icho chichiri kuziva kurima mbatatisi choga chiri chipenyu.
Sergey Samonenko anopa huwandu hwakawanda hwehupfumi. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukaunganidza makumi mashanu t / ha yemastarch mbatatisi, anogona kutengeswa ne50 euros. Iko hakuna marara pano, mukupesana netafura mbatatisi: chero munhu achave akanaka mukugadzirisa. "Dai chete purazi raizosiya ivhu riri mumunda, uye risingori naro kumuti," anowedzera S. Samonenko. Iyi nhanho yezvibereko inogoneka. Semuenzaniso, pakati pevadyidzana veiyo Vimal chirimwa pane purazi kubva kuChernihiv dunhu, iro muna 4 rakasvika padanho re650 t / ha. Asi mutengo wekurima mbatatisi, sekureva kwa S. Samonenko, ikozvino muUkraine haapfuure 2018 euros / ha. Uye izvi zvine matekinoroji epamusoro, ayo anoda kurimwa kwembatatisi yekutengesa. Asi, sekuyeuchidzwa nemutungamiriri wekambani yeVimal, starch matapiri haadi kuchengetwa, kuyerwa kana kupakurwa. Iko hakuna kudikanwa kwekutarisira iwo maratidziro panguva yekurima maitiro, uye izvi zvirinani zvishoma zvinoderedza mutengo wefungicides uye zvipembenene. Semuenzaniso, kudzora tupukanana kwaingogumira pakunhonga matubhu kurwisa Colorado mbatatisi bete, uye izvo zvaive zvakakwana. Masvomhu aVimal anoratidza kuti nekukura starch dzakasiyana panzvimbo yemhando dzetafura, unogona kuchengetedza pahekita: pakurongedza - 63 euros (2790 euros / t); kwemaviri fungicidal kurapwa - 124 euros;
pane grid yemiriwo - makumi masere nemasere euro
nekudzikisa huwandu hwefetera inoshandiswa
kutsiva mishonga yepakutanga nemhando yakanaka majenareta - 54 euros. Pakazara, mari inochengeterwa inosvika kungangoita 412 € / ha, izvo zvinounza mutengo pahekita kusvika pa2378 €. Nekudaro, iwe unogona kuwana 2000 euros pahekita. Ehezve, kune mapurazi anokohwa 15 t / ha, kwavanoshandisa kudyara zvinhu zvekusazivikanwa kubereka, zvakasimwa nemaoko avo, uye kwete mumapurazi embeu ari pasi pekutonga kwemafemu ekusarudza; uko hunyanzvi hwave hwechinyakare uye husingacheke matanda, uye mucheri anosiya hafu yechirimwa muvhu. Asi kunyangwe mune ino kesi, sekureva kwa S. Samonenko, murimi wembatata anogona kuwana mari. Nekudaro, rimwe purazi raizivikanwa kwaari rakachengetedzwa pane tekinoroji uye rakangodhura chete 1744 euros / ha, nekuda kwekuti goho rakangosvika 30 t / ha chete. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvirimo starch zvaive 19,5%, izvo zvaibvumidza purazi kuwana 951 euros pahekita.
Vimal-Agro chiitiko: chakavanzika chiri fungicides
Vimal inopfuura yekungochenesa iyo inokwezva anotaridzika maonero kune vanotengesa. Iyo kambani yakasarudzika inobata nekugadzira mbatatisi, kuvaka uye kurima. Kunyanya, iyo "Vimal" kambani inosanganisira iyo "Vimal-Agro" kambani yekurima, iri mumusha. Vybli Kulikovsky dunhu, Chernihiv dunhu. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kambani yezvekurima muna 2018 yakakura mbatata yemashizha - Susanna neEurostarch (ese eEuroplant sarudzo) uye Kuras yesarudzo yeAgrico. Sekureva kwaYuriy Dyak, director weRekodi Agro, muparidzi akasarudzika wemhando dzeEuroplant muUkraine, Eurostarch iri yepakati-yekupedzisira mhando (zvinomera nguva - 85-95 mazuva), inopesana nehusiku hunononoka, hutachiona hwemashizha, gumbo dema, nematode, inoda kune hutano hwakadzikama, hune mukana we starch yezviri mukati ma20-21% uye goho rinosvika makumi mashanu t / ha. Asi mhando yaSusanna iri pakati pekutanga, iine goho rakafanana rinokwanisa uye rakanyanya kukwira (50%) kuomarara, inopesana nemetribuzin nezvirwere zvakawanda. Iyo yekurima kambani yaigara mahekita zana nema starch matapiri. Goho rembatatisi raive 22,5 t / ha pakutanga kwekuchera, uye 100 t / ha kumagumo. Seizvo S. Samonenko anovimbisa, iyi haisi iyo yakakwira iyo tsika inogona kupa: mbatatisi dzakacherwa kubva Nyamavhuvhu kusvika pakati paGunyana, nepo gohwo rakakura kwazvo remhando dzakasiyana richipihwa pakacherwa pakupera kwaGunyana -gumi regumi raGumiguru. Nekudaro, iyo yekurima yakasimba "Vimal-Agro" yakaratidza muenzaniso wekubudirira kurimwa kwesitashi mbatatisi. “Taida kuparura chirongwa chekurima mbatatisi ine sitachi muna 35 - kudyara mahekita mashanu kusvika gumi toona zvabuda, toverenga mashandiro eupfumi. Zvisinei, ipapo hondo yakadzivirirwa. Asi muna 40, pakange paine kudzoreredzwa kwekufarira muchirongwa ichi: mutsetse wepamberi wakagadzikana, panguva imwechete mamiriro ezvinhu mumusika wembatatisi wakawedzera, izvo zvakamanikidza vagadziri kutsvaga nzira nyowani. Zvakare, tarisiro yekukura starch mhando, zvinoenderana nekuverenga kwekambani "Vimal", inotaridzika kuvimbisa:
Chikafu | Kugadzikana (starchness 20%) | Chipsy | |
Kugadzira, t / ha | 45 | 45 | 38 |
Musika,% | 85 | 100 | 80 |
Mutengo wekutengesa mbatatisi dzinotengeswa, euro. / Kg | 0,1 | 0,095 | 0,12 |
Isiri-isina mbamba mbatata inotengesa mutengo, Euro. / Kg | 0,06 | 0,06 | |
Mari yakakwana, chiuru Euro / ha: huwandu | 4,26 | 4.28 | 4.11 |
kubva pakutengesa zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa | 3,88 | 3,67 | |
kubva pakutengeswa kwezvinhu zvisiri-zvigadzirwa kune starch | 0,38 | 0,44 | |
Mari, zviuru Euro / ha | 3,22 | 2,34 | 2,98 |
Pundutso, zviuru Euro / ha | 1,51 | 1,92 | 1,13 |
Achitaura nezve maverengero, S. Samonenko akataura kuti chiratidzo chekushambadzira che80-85%, kunyanya petafura mbatatisi, ine tarisiro, nekuti mukuita iyi nhanho inowanzo kuve 75 uye kunyange 50%. Achipfupikisa mhedzisiro yemwaka wekutanga wekukura emhando dzakasiyana dzembatatisi mumazana makuru, S. Samonenko akawana zvakavanzika zviviri zvikuru. Chekutanga akagadzira zvinotevera: "70% yegoho imbeu chaiyo." Nembesa dzakaringana, aireva kudyara zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro zvinowirirana nezvinodiwa nematanho ehutachiona, nezvimwe. Semuenzaniso, kana ukashandisa zvekudyara kwete zvekutanga, asi zvechipiri, unogona kudzikisa mutengo wazvo kubva pa1 kusvika 2 euros / kg. Nekudaro, nekuda kweizvi, 383% yegoho rakarasika, izvo zvinodhura purazi 255 euros / ha. Nekudaro, iyo "kuchengetedza" pane yekudyara zvinhu inoshanduka kuita mambure kurasikirwa kwe15 euros / ha. Chinhu chechipiri chemhando dzemastarch ndechekuti vanoumba huwandu hwezvibereko mumavhiki matatu ekupedzisira kana kunyange mavhiki maviri emwaka wekukura, ndiko kuti, munaGunyana. “Muna Chikunguru, panopedzwa mazuva mazhinji emunda wembatatisi, mhando dzesitiri dzinoratidzika kunge dzisinganakidze: matinji achiri mashoma. Asi mumavhiki maviri ekupedzisira, kuwedzera kukuru kwegoho kunoitika, "anodaro S. Samonenko.
Saizvozvo, starch mhando, kupfuura chero imwe, inoda kuchengetedzwa kwemavara egirini panguva yekukura mwaka. "Kuchengetedzwa kwehuwandu hwemashizha muzhizha rose, kusvika munaGunyana, ndicho chakavanzika chechipiri chekukura kwemarudzi ane starch," anodaro S. Samonenko. Uye izvi, sekureva kwake, zvingadai zvisingakwanisike pasina kushandisa fungicides yemhando yepamusoro, iyo yakachengetedza huwandu hwezvinomera kubva kuzvirwere, kunyanya kubva kuAtharia uye nekupedzisira kunaya. Iyo yakasimba "Vimal-Agro" yakabata mbatatisi yayo sisitimu kamwe nePropulse kurwisa Alternaria uye katatu neDitan kurwisa nguva yekupedzisira. Izvi zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kuchengetedza hukuru hwembatatisi munguva yezhizha kusvika munaGunyana unosanganisira. Uye pasina izvi, kambani yekurima ingadai isina kuwana goho remhando dzestarch dzaizotendera kuti riwane.
Chakavanzika chechitatu chekukura kwemastarch marudzi, iye akadana kunyorera mbatatisi ne potassium sulphate pachinzvimbo chechinyakare chloride. "Kushandiswa kwesulphate pachinzvimbo che potassium chloride kunowedzera kusasimba," akatsanangura S. Samonenko. Vafudzi vekambani yeEuroplant vanocherekedza kuti potasium chloride inobvumidzwa kuiswa, asi mune mashoma masosi: muchirimo - isingapfuure makumi masere makirogiramu / ha. Asi chiyero chekushandisa K2О yakakurudzirwa pamwero we190-250 kg / ha. Zvakare, iwe haufanirwe kuwedzera yakawanda nitrogen, sezvo izvi zvichideredza kunhuwa. Sezvakataurwa naYuri Dyak, muyero wekushandisa nitrogen haufanire kupfuura 100 kg / ha, uye kuiswa kwechinhu ichi kunofanirwa kumiswa nguva yekutanga isati yatanga. Mushonga wakakwana we phosphorus, sekureva kwake, zana nemakumi matatu nemaawa / ha. Zvakare, mhando dzakashata dzinoda kuunzwa kwe magnesium pamwero we120 kg / ha mumadhidhi maviri akapatsanurwa.
Nekudaro, mitengo yekukura 1 ha yemastarch mbatatisi mhando ndeye: yekudyara zvinhu zvekutanga kubereka pane yekudyara huwandu hwe 1 zviuru zvidimbu / ha zvemhando dzakanonoka uye 42 zviuru zvidimbu / ha kune apfuura - 44 euros / ha; yefetiraiza - 1146.49 euros / ha; yezvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza zvirimwa - 500 euros / ha; mafuta - 350 euros / ha; zvimwe zvekushandisa (muhoro, rendi, kudzikira, nezvimwewo) - 200 euros / ha. Kazhinji, sekureva kwa S. Samonenko, hunyanzvi hwekurima hwemhando dzembatatisi hwakanyanya hunoyeuchidza hunyanzvi hwekurima hwemapatata matapiri. Izvi zvinobvumidza varimi vembatatisi kuti vachinjike zviri nyore kune starch mhando uye, zvichiteverwa nekuunzwa kweakakwira matekinoroji ekurima, vanowana 574 euros / ha - zvakanyanya sekunge pasina chimwe chirimwa chemunda chinopa.