Zhizha rave kupera, kukohwewa kwemhando dzekutanga dzembatatisi kwatanga munzvimbo zhinji dzeRussia, uye tinogona kupfupisa mhedzisiro yekutanga yemwaka usiri nyore, unosiyaniswa nekusanaya kwemvura uye kupisa kunopisa muSiberia neUrals, kunaya kwemvura. mumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba uye chando chakanyanya muhafu yechipiri yaJune, inobata hafu yenyika. Nekudaro, Dmitry Belov, mukuru wedhipatimendi rekushambadzira rekambani yaNyamavhuvhu, akakumbirwa nevapepeti vemagazini yePotato System kuti ataure nezve maficha egore, ane chokwadi chekuti mazhinji ematambudziko anogara achitarisana nevarimi vekuRussia. kukura mbatatisi hakukonzerwi nemamiriro ekunze.
“Dambudziko guru remaindasitiri kusvika pari zvino ndere kushaya mbeu dzemhando yepamusoro pamusika,” anodaro, “kuburikidza nemachubhu embeu, kunyanya, kune kupararira kweutachiona hwemabhakitiriya, iyo nyaya yakakomba zvikuru muRussia nhasi.” Pasi pemamiriro aya, sekureva kwenyanzvi, varimi vanofanirwa kutora nzira ine chekuita pakusarudza mutengesi wembeu mbatatisi, vachishanyira minda inorimwa zvinhu, kutora chikamu mukuchera uye kuve nechokwadi chekutumira machubhu kubva mubatch akasarudzwa kuti atenge. pakuongorora, kuvimba nemibairo yemarabhoritari anopupurirwa chete.
Maonero akakomba kune kusarudzwa kwembeu inshuwarisi yakanaka kune imwe nhamo inozivikanwa - tuberous (stem) nematode. Zvinoenderana nekuona kwaDmitry Belov, chipembenene ichi chave kupararira munzvimbo dzese dzembatatisi dzenyika - muNorth-Western mudunhu, uye muCentral Black Earth mudunhu, uye mune chikamu chedunhu reVolga. Sekusimbisa kunoita nyanzvi, kana kusvibiswa kwevhu kwakaitika, murimi wekurima anofanira kupedza makore kuti agadzirise nyaya yacho. “Nzira dzekemikari dzekurwisa nematode dziri mudura revarimi dzinobatsira kuwana mbatatisi dzinenge dzisina kusimba, asi hadzina kukanganisa huwandu hwezvipembenene,” anodaro Dmitry Belov, “uye kudyara munzvimbo dzine utachiona dzemupfudze wegirinhi (masitadhi, mhodzi, nezvimwewo. ), kunyange inoitwa maererano nemitemo yose , haibatsiri munguva pfupi. Maererano nenyanzvi, nematocides mitsva ine mhedzisiro yekudzikisa huwandu hwevanhu ichaita kuti kuderedzwa kwenhamba yenematodes (zvese tuberous uye cyst-forming) muvhu, asi kusvika zvino vari kugadzirira kupinda mumusika. Pamusoro pezvo, ruzivo rwuri kuungana mukushandiswa kwegadziriro yebhayoloji yakavakirwa pahutachiwana hwehuhwani, izvo zvakakoshawo kutarisisa nekutarisa mhedzisiro inowanikwa mukubatana nenyanzvi mune iyi ndima.
Dambudziko rakakura kune varimi vembatatisi yeRussia rinoramba riripo anthracnose. Maererano nemukuru wedhipatimendi rekutengesa re "August" kambani, nhasi hapana gadziriro munyika iyo, kana yakarapwa, inogona kugadzirisa dambudziko iri nekubudirira kwakakwana. Asi varimi vekurima vanogona kudzivirira kutanga kwayo vachishandisa nzira dzekudzivirira, izvo, kunze kwekurapa machubhu panguva yekudyara, zvinosanganisirawo kurapwa kwezvinomera nekugadzirira kwe triazole uye strobilurin mapoka.
Mwaka uno wakakonzera kumwe kukuvadzwa kwevarimi vembatatisi uye phytophthora (tichiri kutaura nezvematunhu ekumaodzanyemba: mamwe mapurazi anokura mbatatisi ekutanga akaita kutsauka kubva kumapurogiramu ekudzivirira uye zvirimwa zvakarasika).
Munharaunda dzepakati peRussia, Urals neSiberia, kunaya kwemvura kwakaitika muna Chikunguru, asi nyanzvi inokurudzira panguva ino kufunga nezvechokwadi ichi pane seyakanaka. "Mbatatisi chirimwa chisingadirwe mvura zvachose muRussia," Dmitry Belov ane chokwadi, "dzimwe mhando dzinowanzoita kune izvi, asi kazhinji izvi zvinotungamira mukurasikirwa." Kubva pakuona kwenyanzvi, kunyange dutu remvura rakawira munharaunda yeOmsk, zvichida, haizokonzeri chero matambudziko - "kana pasina kuparadzwa kwezvikomo uye kunorema kwekugara kwepamusoro."
Kazhinji, kana varimi vezvekurima vakakwanisa kusangana nemazuva ekugadzirisa maitiro (izvo zvinenge zvakavimbiswa kuti zviitwe nemapurazi vachishandisa nzira yeunyanzvi mubasa ravo), nyanzvi inofanotaura, mamiriro ezvinhu acharamba ari pasi pesimba. Kunyange zvazvo mufananidzo wakazara wekunonoka kweblight munyika ichave yakajeka pedyo nekuvhuvhu.
Mune imwe mutsara, Dmitry Belov anoratidza alternariosis - chirwere, kutangwa kwacho kunotsamwiswa nekunetseka (kusanaya kwemvura, chando, kukanganisa mineral nutrition, nezvimwewo). Maererano nenyanzvi, kwenguva yakareba kurwisana nealternariosis munyika yedu hakuna kupiwa kutarisirwa kwakakodzera, asi panguva ino inokuvadza kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Mukuru wedhipatimendi rekushambadzira rekambani yaNyamavhuvhu anokurudzira varidzi vemapurazi ari panjodzi kuti vasanganise gadziriro dzakakosha muzvirongwa zvekudzivirira mbatatisi (inonyanya kushanda ndeiya yakavakirwa patriazoles uye strobilurins), kwete kungovimba nematanho akaomarara.
Hunhu hwakanaka hwemwaka uno hunosanganisira kupihwa kwakakwana kwevarimi vekurima vane huwandu hwakazara hwezvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira zvirimwa. Musika wacho unopa huwandu hwakawanda hwemishonga yekunze uye yemumba. "Pakanga paine matambudziko nekugadziriswa kwemidziyo yekudzivirira yega, yakagadziriswa yakaoma, asi nekukurumidza, pasina kushomeka," Dmitry Belov anogovera ruzivo, "pamwe chete, makambani eRussia, nekuda kwerimwe zano uye mamiriro aripo, akateerera zvirimwa zvinotambira mari shoma zvakaita sembatatisi, uye kunyoreswa kwemishonga yehunyanzvi, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwayo, zvakawedzera munyika. Zvinogona kutaurwa nechivimbo kuti hapana zvinzvimbo zvisingadzoreki (nechinangwa, maererano nekuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, kuchengetedzwa kubva kune hutachiona, tupukanana nemasora).
Asi mamiriro ezvinhu nemitengo yezvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira zvidyarwa, zvinosanganisira mhando dzemumba, zvinova zvishoma tarisiro yevarimi pakati paChikunguru kupfuura pakutanga kwemwaka. "Zvishandiso zvemishonga zvinogadzirwa kunze kwenyika yedu, uye hupfumi hwemabhizinesi aya hunotariswa nekushanduka-shanduka kwemusika wepasi rose," nyanzvi inotsanangura, "mukutanga kwegore rino, mitengo yemishonga yakaderedzwa kana ichienzaniswa nemwaka wapfuura. . Chikonzero cheizvi kumwe "kuwandisa" kumafekitori eChinese kunokonzerwa nekuwanda kweBeijing Olympics isati yasvika uye kudonha kwenguva pfupi kwekuda panguva yedenda. Ikozvino kudiwa kwadzokera padanho rayo rekare, uye nekuwedzera, mwero wekutsinhana kweruble wakadzikira, saka mutengo wemishonga mumazita emitengo wave kutogadziriswa. "
Hazvibviri kufanotaura kuti yakawanda sei kutengwa kwemiti yekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa zvemwaka mutsva kuchadhura. Kusvika pari zvino, hapana preconditions yekudzikisa mutengo.