Nyaya yekunyepera pamusika wekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa (kunyanya muzviitiko apo varimi vekurima vachiziva nekutenga uye nekushandisa mishonga yekunyepedzera kana isina kunyoreswa muRussia) haisi imwe yeiyo inokurukurwa munzvimbo yakavhurika: vanhu havadi kukwezva yevakuru vezvemutemo, asi usagara uchifunga nezve izvo chaizvo njodzi.
Mumakore maviri kana matatu apfuura kumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba eRussia, zvinoenderana nedhata, pave nekuwedzera mukufarira kwevarimi mumushonga wezvipembenene wekutanga kirasi yengozi isophenphos-methyl. Unofficial, nekuti muRussia hapana zvakanyoreswa zvinodhaka zvichibva pachinhu ichi, asi mukukurukurirana "pasina dhiketi" varimi vanosimbisa ruzivo urwu.
"Izvi zvakakurisa, zvakafanana nemoto kumaodzanyemba kwedu," mumwe wevarimi vekurima anogovera zvaakaona nemutori wenhau we "Potato System". ...
Mushonga zviri pachena hauna mukurumbira wakanaka maererano nekuchengetedzeka kwemutengi, kunyange hazvo pachokwadi paine ruzivo rwakavimbika pamusoro pazvo, mushonga wekare kwazvo: isophenphos-methyl yakatanga kunyoreswa muna 1975.
Sekureva kwedhata rakapihwa kumagazini nevekutsikirira seRosselkhoznadzor, isophenphos-methyl inoratidzirwa neakanyanya akachekeresa huturu hwevanhu (LD50 21,52 mg / kg). Inoonekwa mukutenderera panguva imwe chete neisophenphos, zvisinei, mhedzisiro-yenguva refu mhedzisiro yaro pamuviri wemunhu haina kunyanyo kufundwa. Isofenphos uye isophenophos-methyl inorondedzerwa seinokuvadza neUnited States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Zvichienderana nenzira dzakarongeka dzekudzokorora dzakagadzirwa neUS National Poison Control Chirongwa, iyi mishonga inosanganisirwa mune runyorwa rwezvinhu zvinokanganisa endocrine kukanganiswa. MuEuropean Union, zvinhu izvi zvinotsanangurwa se "zvisingachashandi". MuChina, isophenphos-methyl, pamwe chete nemamwe mishonga ine muchetura, iri kubviswa zvishoma nezvishoma mukutenderera.
Chii chinokwezva varimi vemazuva ano kumushonga wekare uye une njodzi?
Sekureva kwaKonstantin Onatsky, muridzi wezvirimwa weFMC uye maneja wechigadzirwa, isophenphos-methyl yakatanga kushandiswa muminda yeVolgograd, Rostov nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba kweRussia, kuyedza kubvisa fodya inotapira pahanyanisi. Kunyangwe iyo nyanzvi iine chokwadi chekuti matambudziko ekurwisa chipembenene haana kukonzerwa nekushaikwa kwemishonga inoshanda uye yakatenderwa pamusika, asi nekutadza kushanda navo (kusatevedzera mitemo yekushandisa).
Iko kushandiswa kwesophenphos-methyl, kubva pakuona kwenyanzvi, kunotakura nenjodzi zhinji dzebhizinesi (kuwedzera mukurumbira uye zviri pamutemo). "Uyu mushonga wakagadzirwa nemaChinese," anodaro Konstantin Onatsky, "Hatizive kusviba kwayakaita mukuwedzera kune chinhu chinoshanda, asi inogona zvakare kuva ine chepfu, uye kuti ine ngozi zvakadii kuvanhu netsika, yakareba sei richaramba riri muvhu uye kuti vachabata sei nekumhara mumwaka unotevera, hazvizivikanwe.
Mhosva apo kurapwa nemishonga yekunyepedzera kunotungamira kukuvadza kwakanyanya kumiti, uye kunyangwe kusvika pakufa zvachose kwezvirimwa, zvinonyoreswa muRussia gore rega rega.
Ngatisakanganwei kuti kushandiswa kwemushonga wepamoyo wemhando yepamusoro kunokanganisa nharaunda (kunokanganisa kusvibiswa kwevhu, mvura yepasi uye mvura yepamusoro), uye zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya hutano hwevatengi vechikafu.
Nekudaro, izvi hazvimise chero munhu: maererano neRussia Union yeVagadziri veMakemikari Dziviriro Zvigadzirwa, mune dzimwe nzvimbo mugove wemusika wemishonga yekunyepera uye yekunyepedzera inosvika 30%.
Chimwe chezvikonzero iko kuwanikwa kwemishonga yakadaro. Ads ekutengesa iyo imwechete isofenphos-methyl inogona kuwanikwa zviri nyore mumasocial network uye pakarepo vatumwa.
Sangano reFederal Service reVeterinary uye Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) parizvino rakanangana nekutarisa kuunzwa kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye agrochemicals kuRussia, pamwe nekuteerera mitemo yekushandisa kwavo mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekurima. Asi sangano iri ranga richiita mabasa aya chete kubva muna Chikumi 29 wegore rino, kubvira pakatanga kushanda shanduro nyowani yeFederal Law No. 109-FZ "PaKuchengetedzeka Kubata Kwezvipembenene uye Agrochemicals".
Kubva pazuva rino zvichienda mberi, mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka yekunze uye maagrochemicals zvinopinda munyika medu kuburikidza nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekutarisa muganho (pane gumi nemana pazvose), zvakagadzirwa nemidziyo yakakosha iyo inokutendera kuti utarise huwandu uye mhando yezvinhu zvinounzwa kunze kwenyika.
Panguva imwecheteyo, masimba eRosselkhoznadzor haasanganisiri kudzora kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye maagrochemicals anouya kwatiri kubva kunyika dziri nhengo dzeEurasian Economic Union, uye uyu ndiwo mudzi wedambudziko. Sekureva kwekucherechedzwa kwehunyanzvi hwebasa, vagadziri veChinese mumakore achangopfuura vakagadzirisa zvakare kupihwa kwemishonga yakabviswa mukutenderera kuMiddle Kingdom kuenda kumisika isingadzorwe yeCentral Asia nyika, kubva uko mishonga iyi inopinda muRussia. Nenzira, sekucherechedza kwevarimi, isophenphos-methyl inoenda nenzira iyi: kubva kuChina inoenda Kazakhstan, uye chete ipapo kuminda yeRussia.
"Mumamiriro emiganhu yakavhurika pakati penyika dziri nhengo dzeEurasian Economic Union, hazvigoneke kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwekurwisa kutenderera kwemishonga yekuuraya mishonga yekunyepedzera uye maagrochemicals chete kuburikidza nekuedza kweRosselkhoznadzor," dhipatimendi rinotsinhira pamamiriro ezvinhu.
Kuvhara mugwagwa wemishonga isina kunyoreswa neyekunyepera, sarudzo yeEEEU inodiwa, sarudzo dzinogona kunge dzakatokurukurwa nemapato (kunyanya, musangano wenyaya wakakodzera wakaitirwa panzvimbo yeEurasian Economic Commission muna Nyamavhuvhu. 4), asi zvirevo zveRosselkhoznadzor hazvisati zvatsigirwa.
Zvichakadaro, njodzi kuhutano hwevagari haisi mishonga yezvipembenene isinganzwisisike uye zvemukati, asiwo michero nemiriwo yakasimwa nekushandisa kwavo.
Chekutanga pane zvese, tiri kutaura nezvekunze miriwo nemichero, mavhoriyamu emidziyo ayo kuRussia kwemazita akati wandei akakura zvakanyanya mugore rapfuura. Sezvaunoziva, panguva ino, kana ichipinzwa munyika, zvinhu izvi hazviongororwe zvemukati mezvisara zvemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye maagrochemicals, asi batch yega yega inonyatso kuongororwa kuvepo kwezvinhu zvekuisa zvega zveEEEU. Vagadziri, vachitya kudzoka kwezvinhu, kazhinji vanowedzera nemaune mitengo yekugadzirisa, uye zvigadzirwa izvi zvinopihwa zvakasununguka kuzvitoro zveRussia.
Mhinduro yedambudziko iri, kubva pakuona kwaRosselkhoznadzor, inofanira kunge iri yekuvandudzwa kwemutemo mumunda wekubata zvakanaka mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye maagrochemicals, ichipa iyo mvumo nemhando yerudzi urwu rwekutonga pachisungo "kubva munda kupokana ", kusanganisira zvine chekuita nezve zvigadzirwa zvakaunzwa kubva kune dzimwe nyika.
“Sarudzo yekuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa zvakananga kubva kumugadziri kana panguva yekuregedza tsika yezvinhu zvakaunzwa zvisati zvakamurwa kuita zvidimbu zvidiki uye kutengeswa ndiyo chete nzira inogona kudzivirira kutenderera kwezvinhu zvisina kuchengetedzeka uye kuzivisa vanogadzira nevanounza kunze kwenyika usateedzere mutemo wekushandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka ", - vanodaro nyanzvi dzeRosselkhoznadzor.
Zvakaoma kutaura kana nzvimbo yebasa reSevhisi ichawedzerwa. Izvo zvinofanirwa kuyeuchidzwa kuti kusvika gore rino iyo Rosselkhoznadzor yakanga isina mvumo yekutarisa kutendeuka kwemishonga yezvipembenene kwemakore gumi.
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