Mumakore achangopfuura, kukura kwemiriwo yeRussia kwakaratidza kunoshamisa kwekusimudzira. Nekudaro, kurimwa kwechirimwa chega chega chemuriwo kwakazara nezvinetso zvakawanda, zvinonyanya kukurumidza kurwisa zvirwere zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya chirimwa. Zvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira zvirimwa pamusika zvinogona kuona kubudirira muhondo iyi here?
DZIVA KUTI KUTI URI KUDZVANYA
Dambudziko rekutanga rakatarisana nevagadziri vemumba zvigadzirwa zvemuriwo isha kukwana kwemidziyo yekuchengetedza michero yakanyoreswa muRussia. Kana imwe chete herbicide yakanyoreswa zviri pamutemo kuchengetedza gariki, zvinokwanisika here kugadzirisa matambudziko ese ekurima chirimwa ichi uye nekuona goho rakaringana? Vagadziri veimwe zvirimwa zvemuriwo, kunyanya, karoti, zvakare vanosangana neyakaganhurirwa seti yemishonga.
Ngatirege kukanganwa kuti zvirimwa zvakawanda zvinonetsa kugadziriswa. Kabichi nehanyanisi zvine waxy coating inodzivirira kupinda kwemishonga munzvimbo dzakadzika dzezvirimwa, mashizha akasimba anokanganisa kugadziriswa mumatatata, uye mashizha matete uye akatsetseka mueiii negariki.
Zvizhinji zvezvirwere nezvipembenene zvinofanirwa kurwiswa nenzira dzekudzivirira. Kudzivirira, kwete kurapa, zviratidzo zvakatooneka ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekudzivirira zvirimwa zvemiriwo.
Nekudaro, chikamu chakakosha chematanho ekudzivirira chinofanirwa kuve nechinangwa chekudzikisa njodzi dzechirwere uye kuziva zviratidzo zvayo pakutanga. Kana iri yekudzivirira kwengozi, kunyanya kungwarira kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune mhando yekurapa uye yavo nguva. Iwe haugone kuderedza mhedzisiro yemakwenzi akashandiswa mutsika yakapfuura.
Uye, hongu, kusarudzwa kwemarudzi akasiyana uye mahedruids anofanirwa kukwana kune yevhu iripo uye mamiriro ekunze uye zano rakasarudzwa rekudzivirira kwezvemakemikari.
CARROTS - KUNZE KWENGOZI
Maitiro ekuita kuchengetedza karoti kubva kuchirwere? Kutanga, zvinogoneka kudzikisa njodzi yezvirwere kunyangwe padanho rekudyara kurapwa kwembeu. Syngenta zvinodhaka zvakadai seAPRON ® uye MAXIM ® zvakanyatsokodzera izvi. Nekuda kwekugadzirisa uchishandisa FarMore tekinoroji, mhodzi dzakadzivirirwa kubva kune yakaoma yese yevhu hutachiona.
Uye zvakare, kuti kuderedze njodzi yekudyara mbeu, zvakafanira kudzivirira nitrogen yakawandisa uye munyu muvhu, kuumbika kwevhu uye kugadzirwa kweguruva, kukwana kwemhepo kufefetera munzvimbo yemidzi, kukuvara kwemagetsi kumidzi kana kora yemidzi. Uye iyo huru fungicide yemakarotsi inofanira kunge iri CIDELI ™ TOP, mushonga unovimbisa kubva kuSyngenta, yakanyoreswa pamusika weRussia mu2019. Kubatsira kwayo ndeyekuumbwa nyowani patsva kunobva pane lactic acid, iyo inovimbisa kuzara kweiyo mushonga mumuti. Nekudaro, izvo zvakakosha zvinhu zveCIDELI ™ TOP zvinosanganisira kugovera patsva uye kupinda munzvimbo dzakaomarara kupuruzira. Izvi zvakawanikwa nekuda kwechiitiko cheiyo gasi chikamu chemushonga. Iyo translaminar chiito cheiyo fungicide ine simba chaizvo.
Pamusoro pekufunga nezve marudzi ese eengozi, murimi wemiriwo anofanira kunyatsoziva kuti ndeapi chirwere chinoratidza chirimwa chaanokura; mamiriro api anonyanya kufarira kugadzirwa kwehutachiona; kukwanisa kuona zviratidzo zvechirwere uye, chokwadika, sarudza nzira dzinoshanda dzekudzivirira. Zvirwere zvinotevera zvine njodzi kumakaroti:
- Zvirwere zvembeu (midzi inodya). Zviratidzo: kuora kweiyo midzi uye kuburitsa ibvi mumbeu. Pakutanga inozviratidza muchimiro chemagirazi kana brown mavara, ipapo inopararira uye inoumba yakajairira kubata. Pakupedzisira, mudzi unosviba uye chirimwa chinofa. Utachiona: Pythium violae, P. sulcatum, P. Ultimum, coloratum, Rhizoctonia sp., Fusarium sp., Alternaria dauci, A. radicina.
- Powdery Mildew Zviratidzo zvakasiyana kune dzakasiyana marudzi: Leveillula taurica, L. Lanuginose inoonekwa nekuonekwa kwemaapiona angular mavara pamashizha, kumashure kwayo kune machena chena powdery coating mafomu, shure kwaizvozvo mashizha anooma kunze. Iyo causative mumiririri Erysiphe ambelliferarum pakarepo inoumba chena kuchovha padhuze repamusoro peashizha. Utachiona: Erysiphe ambelliferarum, Leveillula taurica, L. Lanuginose.
- Alternaria karoti. Zviratidzo: kurasikirwa kwembeu, kufa kwematanda, yakaora midzi yezvirimwa. Utachiona: Alternaria dauci, A. radicina.
- Kuora chena. Zviratidzo: dhizaini pamashizha (kune iyo petiole) yemashiripiti emvura brown mavara 5-10 mm muhupamhi. Ichena mycelium yefungus inoonekwa panheyo yeashizha, ichikanganisa midzi yezvirimwa, ipapo sclerotia 5-10 mm inoumbwa. Njodzi yeku chena kuora ndeyekuti zvidyarwa midzi midzi zvakare yakavhurwa mudura. Pathogen: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
Aya ndiwo masosi makuru enjodzi yemakaroti, achityisidzira kukuvadza kwakakura kuchirimwa. Iyo inoshanda yekudzivirira chirongwa inosanganisira akati wandei agrotechnical matanho ekushandisa zvinodhaka zvazvino. Neraki, vamiriri vatsva ekudzivirira chirimwa vari kuunzwa kumusika weRussia, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti varimisi vapedze basa iri. Nekudaro, muna 2019 na2020, Syngenta iri kupedza chirongwa chekunyoresa kwehuwandu hwekugadzirira kuchengetedza zvirimwa zvemiriwo zveizvo zvinonzi "miriwo yakaiswa": RIDOMIL® GOLD R, ZIDELI® TOP, EFORIYA®, BOXER ®, AMPLIGO ®.
Zvinogona kutaurwa pasina kuwedzeredza kuti nekuda kweizvi, rimwe rematambudziko makuru ekudzivirirwa kwekaroti - iyo isina kukwana mhando yezvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza zvirimwa - rave pedyo nekugadziriswa.
ZIDELI ™ TOP ine miviri mikuru inoshanda. Imwe inopinda kutanga mune yemashizha manyoro, uye ipapo muzvikamu zvinokura zvefungus, umo inopindira biosynthesis yemaserols mumadziro eesero, semhedzisiro, kushanda kwemaitiro kwemasero kunokanganiswa uye fungus inofa. Chimwe chinhu chinodzivirira kuumbwa kweapressoria, kukura kwe mycelium, kuumbwa kwe spores uye kukura kwemakoloni.
Nzira yakanakisa yekushandisa CIDELI ™ TOP ndeyekupfapfaidza mumwaka wekukura. Chiyero chekushandisa - 0,8-1.0 l / ha, kushanda kwemvura kunwa 200-300 l / ha. Kubudirira mukushandisa kweprophylactic (pamberi pehutachiona hutachiona) - ingangoita zana muzana kusvika mazuva gumi nemana; mhedzisiro yacho inoramba yakatsiga kusvika mazuva gumi nerimwe mushure mekushandisa. Iko kukanganisa kukuru kwevagadziri kuita kurapwa pamberi pezvinoonekwa zviratidzo pane mazhinji zvirimwa. Uku kushandiswa kwefungicides kunowedzera zvakanyanya njodzi yekushomeka kwemishonga yezvirwere.
Rondedzero yemishonga iyo ZIDELI ™ TOP inowirirana iri yakazara. Zvakakodzera vaiitawo vakadaro kwaibatsira zvinozarurwa ive kuwedzera chakarondedzera ari woutsinye chirwere nokuda potentiation rokudzora zvirwere ezvinhu epiphytotics, nemishonga zvakanaka. Nenzira, pangozi mumweya utachiona mikuru zvirwere makerotsi paaishandisa fungicide iri shoma. Chinhu chakakosha: ZIDELI ™ TOP inoshaya phytotoxicity kana uchishandisa chero zviyero zvakanyoreswa zvinodhaka zvemushonga. Zvinokuchengetedzai kuti muriwo uye nokuda entomophags.
Nekudaro, mushure mekuonekwa kwechinodhaka ZIDELI ™ TOP pamusika weRussia, matambudziko mazhinji ezvirwere zvekaroti achave ari nyore kugadzirisa. Iyi fungicide haingodziviriri karoti chete, inobatsira kuwedzera chibereko uye nekuwanisika kweghribusiness zvakazara.
Musoro wehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi mune yakasarudzika tsika yeSyngenta Olga Voblova:
- Kana uchinge uchikura makarotsi anoitirwa kuchengetedza kwenguva refu, zvakakosha kuti usanetseke kunodzivisa kukura nekusimudzira kwemuti. Zvikasadaro, maitiro ehupenyu haazopedzwe mumudzi chirimwa, uye makarotsi anenge asina kuchengetedzwa zvakanaka. Ichi ndicho chimwe chikonzero chekucherechedza zvakanyanya kudzivirira uye kudzora kwezvirwere zvekarotsi, pamwe nekunyatso sarudza mishonga yakakwana.
Syngenta parizvino iri kunyoresa BOXER® herbicide kuti ishandiswe pamakarotsi uye hanyanisi. Ndiri kuda kusimbisa kuti pazvirimwa izvi, kusiyana nembatatisi, BOXER® inoshandiswa senge mishonga yekuuraya mishonga yekumesa, uye kugona kwakanyanya kunoitwa nekushandisa kwayo zvishoma nezvishoma (2-2,5 l / ha pakudya). Nekushandisa uku, tinotora mukana weiyo yakakosha mhando yeBOXER® herbicide - kugona kuputsa dura rewakisi pamiti. Nekugadzira masanganiswa etangi nemishonga yesora yatovepo pamusika, zvinokwanisika kuwedzera zvakanyanya huwandu hwehuswa hwakadzvinyirirwa uye kudzikisa mashandisirwo emishonga inodzivisa zvirimwa zvezvirimwa, uye nekudaro ichideredza mhedzisiro yakaipa pane chirimwa.