Maria Erokhova, mudiki mutsvakurudzi, Dhipatimendi reMbatatisi uye Muriwo Zvirimwa Zvirwere, FGBNU VNIIF
Maria Kuznetsova, Musoro Dhipatimendi reMbatatisi uye Muriwo Zvirimwa Zvirwere, FGBNU VNIIF
Munguva pfupi yapfuura muRussia hutachiona hwave hutachiona hunokuvadza hwembatatisi. Mazhinji eaya mavhairasi (semuenzaniso, Y-mbatatisi hutachiona) anoonekwa seanogadziriswa asiri-ega marara zvipenyu zvembeu mbatatisi muEU muna 2019.
1Musi waApril 4, 2020, iyo World Potato Congress yakabata webinar "Potato Virusi: An Gadziriso." Iko kurekodha kwewebhu webhusaiti muChirungu kwatove kuwanikwa pawebhusaiti World Potato Congress munzvimbo yeruzhinji.
Iyo webinar yakaitirwa naDr Alexander Alexander Karasev. Iye inozivikanwa nyanzvi mune phytovirusology. Alexander Karasev akabata PhD mu Biological Sayenzi kubva kuMoscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov ane degree muVirology. Kubva 2006 anga achishanda kuYunivhesiti yeIdaho (USA). Mune rake rekutsvagisa basa, Dr. Karasev anonyanya kutarisisa kudzidza kwemazamu Y-hutachiona.
Munguva yewebhu webhu, Dr. Karasev akayeuka kuti Y-hutachiona hwembatatisi hwakabatana nePotvvirus. Kufanana nemavhairasi ese, iyo pathogen inosungirwa hutachiona uye inokwanisa kuzvidzokorora-yega mumasero emiti inogamuchira kubva kumhuri yeSolanaceae. Iyo pathogen inoramba iri mumbeu tubers uye mu "vanozvipira zvirimwa". Utachiona hweY hunogona kutapurika nemagetsi, pamwe nevector kuburikidza nezvipembenene zvezvipembenene. Zvipembenene zvakadaro zveY-hutachiona maaphid, ayo anoitumira nenzira isinga rambe.
Alexander Karasev akasimbisa kuti iyo Y-hutachiona hutachiona hunokuvadza zvakanyanya, sezvo ichikonzera kurasikirwa kwakananga kwezvirimwa. Zvakaonekwa kuti kana 1% yenzvimbo yekurima mbatatisi ikabatwa nechirwere ichi, murimi anorasikirwa nemadhora gumi nemanomwe emadhora pahekita. Muna 17, chikamu chimwe kubva muzana (2008%) chekukuvara kwembatatisi chakadya madhora US $ 1 miriyoni. Uye zvakare, kana iyo tsika ikakuvara, mhando yeiyo tubers inorasika nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwezviratidzo zve annular necrotic chirwere chembatatari tubers pavari. Zviratidzo zvechirwere zvinokura kwete kwete chete pane tubers, asiwo pamashizha, ayo anova mosaic, akaunyana. Nekusimba kwakasimba kwechirwere, kukura kwemiti kunononoka.
Musayendisiti akacherekedza kuti mhando dzembatatisi dzakasiyana mukupokana kwavo neY-hutachiona. Parizvino, mamwe madhatabhesi ekunze emhando dzembatatisi ane ruzivo pamusoro pekurohwa kwekurwisa kwemarudzi kune mamwe mafungi, cyst nematodes (Globodera pallida pathotypes Pa 2/3, 1, Globalbodera rostochiensis Ro1 pathotype), pamwe nehutachiona. Muenzaniso ungave "Dhatabhesi pamhando dzembatatisi" (AHDB mbatatisi, UK).
Pakupera kwewebhu webhusaiti, Dr. Karasev vakakwevera vateereri kuchokwadi chekuti matanho ekurwisa Y-hutachiona hwembatatisi ndiko kushandiswa kwembeu mbatatisi (kusanganisira zvine utano meristem mbatatisi), kurimwa kwemhando dzemhando yepamusoro, uye kucherechedzwa kwehunhu hwakakodzera panguva yekushandisa nemaoko.