Mumutemo weRussia, pfungwa yeminda inodzivirira yemasango yakaonekwa, uye avo vane mutoro vakapiwa kune zvavo zvemukati. Kugadziriswa kumutemo wezvematongerwo enyika "Panyika kudzoreredzwa" wakatanga kushanda muna Ndira 1, 2020.
Varidzi venyika vanofanirwa kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzekudzivirira masango. Uye kana vachikura pazvikamu zviri muhurumende kana muridzi wedunhu, aya mabasa anopiwa kuvakuru.
Masango ekudzivirira emasango, muchokwadi, mabhandi emasango anodyarwa nemunhu. Chinangwa chavo ndechekuchengetedza zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana kubva kune zvakashata zvakasikwa uye anthropogenic zvinhu. Kana iri nzvimbo yekurima, mabhandi emasango anobatsira kurwisa kusanaya kwemvura, kukukurwa kwevhu kubva mumvura nemhepo. Izvo zvakarongedzwa nekudyara kana kudyara kunyanya mumatanho, masango-steppe uye semi-renje matunhu.
Iko kudiwa kwekutora mutemo kwakatemerwa nenyaya yekuti mamiriro epamutemo emasango ekudzivirira haana kusarudzwa, nyaya dzekunyoreswa kwavo nekuchengetwa kwavo hadzina kugadziriswa, Ministry of Agriculture yakaudza RG. Masango mabhandi akagadzirwa munguva dzeSoviet aive asina muridzi kwemakore mazhinji. Miti yakagezwa zvisiri pamutemo huni, kuraswa kuitira kuwedzera nzira kana kuvaka chimwe chinhu padivi penzira. Zvese izvi zvakawedzera kunetsekana kwezvakatipoteredza. Kuunzwa kwemitemo mitsva kunobatsira kubvisa aya maburi kusvika pamwero wakati.
“Bhiri iri rinosungira chisungo chevaridzi veminda yekuona nekuchengetedzwa kweminda yemasango inodzivirira. Panguva imwecheteyo, mune zviitiko apo kudyarwa kuri panzvimbo dzinowanikwa muhurumende kana muridzi wemaguta, uye dzisingatamisirwe kushandiswa kumasangano echitatu-bato, mabasa aya anopiwa kuvakuru, "basa rekudhinda rebazi rezvekurima. akatsanangurira RG.
Bhiri iri rinopa Bazi rezvekurima reRussia nevatungamiriri vane masimba eRussia Federation nemasimba akakodzera. Varidzi vezvivakwa zveminda vanosungirwa kupa ruzivo pamusoro pekuvapo uye mamiriro eminda yekuchengetedza masango, dhipatimendi rakatsanangura.
komenda
Alexander Petrikov, Mudzidzi weRussia Academy yeSainzi
Mutemo unovandudza hwaro hwepamutemo hwekurima masango senzvimbo yakakoshesa pakurimwa kweminda yekurima. Izvi zvakakosha kumatunhu emusango uye masango-masango, uko kune kushomeka kwehunyoro muvhu, kuchengetedza munda nemafuro kubva kukukurwa munzvimbo dzese dzekurima dzenyika.
Zvinoenderana nemushumo uchangobva kubazi rezvekurima weRussia "Pamamiriro uye mashandisirwo eminda yekurima mu2017", kubva pa10 zviuru mahekita epasi pevhu yakaongororwa mhepo nekukura kwemvura, kukwira kwemhepo kwakaonekwa pane imwe nzvimbo 485,44 zviuru mahekita (1, 424,17% yenzvimbo yakazara yakaongororwa), mvura - pane imwe nzvimbo 13,6 zviuru mahekita (1%).
Mune yekare vhezheni yemubatanidzwa mutemo "On land reclamation", yakatorwa kumashure muna 1996, muArt. 7 yakagadzika mhando dzese dzeagroforestry (anti-kukurwa kwevhu, kuchengetedzwa kwemunda, kuchengetedzwa kwemafuro), asi hazvina kugadziriswa kuti zvese izvi zviitwe nekugadzira masango ekudzivirira emusango, ayo anonzi mabhandi emasango.
Izvo hazvina kusimbiswa kuti varidzi vezvivakwa zvepasi panowanikwa zviratidziro zvekuchengetedza masango masango vanosungirwa kuchengetedza mabhandi emasango munzvimbo kwayo. Izvo hazvina kusimbiswa kuti zviremera zvehurumende nemasangano emuno-ehurumende, mukati memiganhu yesimba ravo, vanoronga matanho ekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzekudzivirira masango.
Chinhu chitsva chemutemo chinhu chakakosha 20.1., Iyo inosimbisa maitiro e accounting ekudzosera masango anodzivirira masango, kuumbwa, chimiro uye maitiro ekupa ruzivo pasi peakadai accounting. Kugamuchirwa kwenzira yekuverenga kunoitwa kunoshumirwa nebazi rezvekurima. Chisungo 29.1. Izvo zvakare zvakasimbiswa kuti Bazi rezvekurima rinotara Mitemo yekuchengetedzwa kwekunakidzwa kwekuchengetedza masango masango uye zvakanangana nezviyero zvekuchengetedza. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti Bazi rezvekurima reRussia raive nemvumo yekutora mitemo yakadaro (mune yekare vhezheni ye "mitemo yekuchengetedza inodzivirira masango masango") pakutanga (zvinoenderana nemutemo wekare), asi havana kumbogamuchirwa, sezvo zvainge zvisina kujeka kuti avo vanofanirwa kutevedzera ndiyani.
Kusanzwisisika kwenzvimbo yepamutemo yemabhandi emasango, marongero emitemo yavo yekuverenga nekuchengetedza, pakupedzisira zvakatungamira kuchokwadi chekuti ivo vaive vasina muridzi, vakashoreka, uye vaive manyuko enjodzi yemoto. Kubereka kwavo hakuna kunyatsobhadharwa kubva kubhajeti remubatanidzwa.
Dzimwe nzvimbo dzakapa mari yekuvachengeta kubva kumatunhu emudunhu (semuenzaniso, Krasnodar Territory), zvishoma iyo federal centre yakapa mari mari idzi sechikamu chekutsigira zvirongwa zvematunhu zvekudzoserwa kwenyika. Sezvinotevera kubva kuNational Report pamusoro pekuitwa kweHurumende Chirongwa chezvekurima muna 2018, zviitiko zvekurima zvirimwa zvakaitwa chete munzvimbo inosvika mahekita zviuru zana nemazana manomwe nezviuru.
Sezvamunoziva, muna Kukadzi 2020, iyo Ministry of Agriculture inofanirwa kugadzira chirongwa chekubatanidza ivhu rekurima mukutenderera uye kusimudzira kwekudzoreredza ivhu. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti agroforestry ive chikamu chechirongwa ichi. Mutemo mutsva, unotanga kushanda muna Chikunguru 1, 2020, unogadzira hwaro hwepamutemo hweizvi.
Source: https://rg.ru/