Alexey Krasilnikov, director director Potato Mubatanidzwa
Mushandirapamwe wekudyara gore rino urikuitika mune yakasarudzika mamiriro, asi iyo mbatatisi indasitiri inotarisira kuti matambudziko ese akaunzwa neichi chitubu acharamba ari munguva yakapfuura nekutanga kwekukohwa, uye goho richabhadhara kuyedza kwese uye zviwanikwa zvakaiswa mairi.
Yekare Kukohwa Mbatatisi & Yekutanga Kugadzira Dhirivhari
Sekureva kwaRosstat, kubva muna Kubvumbi 1, huwandu hwemasheya ekare echirimwa mbatatisi munzvimbo dzekuchengetera emabhizimusi makuru ekurima muRussia aive 9% akakwirira kupfuura gore rapfuura pazuva rimwe chete. Asi kutaura zvazviri, chimiro ichi hachina kunyatsoratidza mamiriro acho ezvinhu: kutaura zvazviri, panguva iyoyo zviwanikwa zvemhando yepamusoro mbatatisi yeRussia zvakange zvatopera.
Tichifananidza iyi mamiriro, tinogona kutaura kuti kushomeka kwemhando yepamusoro mbatatisi pamusika kwakatonzwikwa pakupera kwechando. Pakati paMarch, apo vagari vemunyika vakatanga kugadzira chikafu, kufarira matapiri kwakawedzerawo, pakatarisana neiyi mamiriro pakasvetuka mitengo (kusvika makumi maviri rubles / kg), uye mavhoriyamu ese akasara akatengeswa munguva pfupi. Varimi ivavo vakakwanisa kuchengeta goho kusvika pano vakaita purofiti yakanaka.
Nhasi, mutengo wematapiri pamusika unosiyana kubva pagumi kusvika gumi neshanu rubles / kg. Panguva imwecheteyo, mamwe matunhu (kunyanya, dunhu reMoscow, Riphabliki yeTatarstan) vanoona kuti mutengo wembatatisi kwavari pakati paMay gore rino unoramba wakakwira kupfuura wegore rapfuura neinenge 10%: zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa nemutengo we18-20 rubles / kg yemabatch ehuremu hwemhando yepamusoro. Zvishoma-zvemhando zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa zvakanyanya pamutengo we15 rubles / kg.
Isu tinoonawo kuti kubvira panenge pakati pechando, mbatatisi dzekumba dzave kukwikwidzana neakaunzwa pamashefu ezvitoro zveRussia: sekureva kweFederal Customs Service, muna Ndira, Russia yakagamuchira matani mazana matatu embatatisi kubva kuEjipit (sezviri pachena, batch rekuyedza), muna Kukadzi - atove anopfuura zviuru zvitanhatu zvematani. Sekureva kwevatengesi, mbatatisi dzeIjipita dzakatengeswa kuburikidza nemaketani pamutengo wemakumi matatu nemashanu kusvika makumi mana emairi (mutengo wekutenga - masendi makumi mana / kg) uye, tichifunga nezve kudzikiswa kweruble, hazvina kuunza purofiti yakawanda kumasangano ekutengeserana. Iko kune ruzivo rwekuti ega mabatch ezvigadzirwa akatofanira kuraswa.
Mukuwedzera kune weIjipita, nhasi kune mbatatisi yekutanga kubva kuIsrael, Azerbaijan neTurkey pamusika wepamba. Zvingangodaro, zvigadzirwa izvi zvichakurumidza kuwana mukurumbira pakati pevatengi nekuda kwekushaikwa kwepamusoro-soro mbatatisi yezvirimwa zvekare. Asi mitengo yazvo ichiri padanho regore rapfuura.
Zvakare, kuendesa kwembesa nyowani mbatatari kubva kumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba eRussia (Krasnodar Territory, Astrakhan neRostov Regions) zvava kuda kutanga. Iyo inotonhora snap yakasundira iyo nguva yekukohwa kumashure neanenge mavhiki maviri, asi na20 Chivabvu mamiriro acho akatanga kuita nani.
Zvinonakidza kuti kugadzirwa kwembatatisi dzekutanga kuri kuvewo tsika kumatunhu epakati eRussia (semuenzaniso, yedunhu reMoscow): varimi vanodyara mbatatisi pasi pefirimu kana zvimwe zvekufukidza. Mhedzisiro yacho inowanikwa mushure meKrasnodar Territory, asi zvisati zvaitika kupfuura zvakajairwa mazwi epakati bhendi.
Mbatatisi
Takanyora mumagazini yekupedzisira yemagazini kuti vanotengesa mbeu mbatatisi kubva kuEurope kuenda kuRussia vaifanira kusangana nematambudziko makuru gore rino. Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zveizvi, zvinosanganisira shanduko dzakaitwa kumitemo yekushandisa kudzora zvigadzirwa zvakagadziriswa kudivi reRussia (Kugadziriswa Nha. 128 yeRosselkhoznadzor), kugadzirisa magwaro emitemo muEurope, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoverengeka.
Izvo zvaive zvichikurumidza kugona kugadzirisa nyaya pamwe nekupihwa kwembeu mbatatisi kubva kuFinland neGerman. Vamiririri veRosselkhoznadzor vakakwanisa kuenda kune idzi nyika, kutora masampula uye kuita bvunzo dze laboratori. Uye ipapo iyo miganhu yakatanga kuvhara nekuda kwekonavirus.
Tichifunga nezve mamiriro ezvinhu, iyo Rosselkhoznadzor yakabvuma kurerutsa chirongwa chekupinza zvinhu zvekudyara (nekusiya pa-saiti kuongorora). Nekuda kweizvi, mitoro yembeu kubva kuFrance neNetherlands yakapfuura ne "green corridor", uye mbatatisi zhinji dzakapihwa vatengi veRussia dzakaperera munyika medu.
Kwayedza kuti ipfupikise mhedzisiro yekuendesa kunopera mushandirapamwe wekudyara, asi izvozvi zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti huwandu hwekupinza mbeu kubva kuEurope mumwaka uno hauzopfuure manhamba egore rapfuura (muna 2019, anenge zviuru zvitanhatu zvematani embeu mbatatisi akaunzwa kuRussia), asi asi muhuwandu, ichave iri pazasi peiyi nhanho - anenge zviuru zvisere zvematani.
Ini ndinodawo kutaura mazwi mashoma nezve zvakanaka zvinoitika munzvimbo ino, izvo zvakakosha zvikuru mukusimudzira emabhizinesi mazhinji epamba: muna Chivabvu 2020, mitoro mikuru miviri ye minitubers kubva kuChina neIndia (dzinosvika zvikamu 0,5 miriyoni) yakasvika muRussia. Mazhinji ezvinyorwa acho mamakisi ekugadzirisa (vatengi - LLC "Lam Weston Belaya Dacha" nemamwe mapurojekiti makuru), asi kune mamwewo marudzi ekushandisa tafura.
Kumhara mushandirapamwe
Sekureva kweBazi rezvekurima reRussian Federation, gore rino 309 zviuru mahekita achapihwa matapiri mune indasitiri indasitiri, ayo angangoita zviuru zvina mahekita akakwirira kupfuura manhamba egore rapfuura.
Mamwe matunhu ari kuwedzera nzvimbo, mamwe ari kudzikira, asi isu haticherechedze chero shanduko huru inotungamira mukutsiviwa kwevatori vechikamu mune runyorwa rwevatungamiriri maererano nezinga rekurima. Izvo zvinokwanisika kusiyanisa iyo multidirectional maitiro muindasitiri yacho seyakazara: mukufananidza, kune kuderedzwa munzvimbo iri pasi pematezi mumapurazi madiki (asina kugutsikana neiyo shoma purofiti yechirimwa) uye kuwedzera kune makuru acho.
NaMay 20, kudyara kwakapedzwa pane imwe nzvimbo ye 192,9 zviuru mahekita (62,5% yenzvimbo yakafungidzirwa).
Agrarians yedunhu reBryansk vari kushanda zvinobudirira (kusvika Chivabvu 15, kudyara kwakapedzwa ne86%), varimi vembatatisi veUrals neSiberia vanotaura mamiriro ekunze akanaka uye nekukurumidza basa. Panguva imwecheteyo, mamiriro ezvinhu munzvimbo dzeNizhny Novgorod neMoscow anoramba akaomarara (zvese ipapo neapo, musi waMay 15, mbatatisi dzakasimwa chete pachikamu chetatu chenzvimbo yakarongwa), uko kunonaya uye mamiriro ekunze anoramba achitonhora.
Isu tinoonawo kuti gore rino matunhu mazhinji eCentral Russia nedunhu reVolga (kusanganisira izvo zvambotaurwa) vanogunun'una pamusoro pekushaikwa kwehunyoro pakati nepakati pekudzikisira. Kusanaya kwemvura - mhedzisiro yekudonha uye chando chisina chando - kunogona kukanganisa huwandu hwegoho remangwana.
Dambudziko Chitubu
Mune maonero edu, denda uye, kunyanya, kuiswa kwekuparadzanisa vanhu hakusati kwave nemhedzisiro yakasimba kumabhizinesi anokura mbatatisi. Mune mamwe matunhu, matambudziko ehurongwa akaonekwa, asi vakapedzisira vawana mhinduro. Kuderedzwa kweiyo ruble kwakarova varimi zvakanyanya. Kukwira kweiyo mwero wekutsinhana, sezvakatarisirwa, kwakakonzera kuwedzera kwemitengo yezvinhu zvinoshandiswa.
Kana isu tikataura nezve iyo indasitiri izere, saka chokwadika, mumwe haakwanise kutadza kucherechedza matambudziko akakomba nevashanduri. Mamwe mabhizinesi akatarisisa chikamu cheHoReCa akamanikidzwa kumisa kugadzirwa. Asi isu tichiri kuongorora iyi mamiriro seyenguva pfupi. Kugadziriswa kuchakura, ikozvino ivo vari kugadzirira kuvhura mapurojekiti matsva, kune ruzivo rwekuti chikamu chakakosha chemapurazi eAstrakhan chakasaina zvibvumirano zvekurima mbatatisi kwemaresitorendi anotengesa chikafu. Vazhinji varimi vakuru vembatatisi vari kufunga nezvekuvhura zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira (kunyangwe kana kazhinji iri pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwematezi akasvuurwa uye akabviswa). Maitiro acho aigona kuenda nekukurumidza kana Russia yaive nechinangwa chakatarisana nechinangwa chekusimudzira kuvakwa kwekugadziriswa kwemiti, asi haisati iripo.
Zvakare, nyaya yenyika inotsigira kutsigira mbatatisi iri kuramba ichiwedzera kuoma. Sezvaunoziva, ikozvino pane mhando mbiri dzekutsigira: isina kusungwa uye inosimudzira. Zvakare, iro Ministry rezvekurima reRussia Federation rinoronga kudzikisa huwandu hwekutanga uye kuwedzera wechipiri mumakore matatu. Asi mune iyo rondedzero yezvakakosha mafambiro mukugadzirwa kwezvirimwa (izvo zvinotsanangurwa ivo pachavo nematunhu uye kune iyo inomutsa rutsigiro inozotungamirwa), hapana chinhu "chirimwa mbatatisi", kune chete "muriwo urikure muvhu rakavhurika". Nyanzvi dzedu dzinotya kuti mukufamba kwenguva izvi zvinogona kukonzeresa kuti mbatatisi dzinenge dzisisarongedzwe muchikamu chino, zvinoreva kuti varimi vembatatisi vacharasikirwa nerubatsiro rwakakura. Mubatanidzwa wePotato wato tarisa kubazi rezvekurima kudambudziko iri uye nekuchengetedza mhinduro yenyaya iyi iri pasi pesimba.
Iyo indasitiri iri kunetsekawo pamusoro pekukwanisa kuderera kwemari yemhuri, iyo yave kutaurwa nezvayo yakawanda. Asi zvinowanzoitika, hakuzove nekuchinja kwakasimba muchimiro chekushandisa mumwedzi inotevera. Vatengi havasi kuzosiya mbatata yakashambidzwa. Nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kunyangwe idiki (ingangoita 2-3%) kukura mukuda kwezvigadzirwa zvekutanga zvakagadzirwa.
Kunyangwe kuda kwevakuru vematunhu akati wandei eRussia kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwembatata mudzimba dzevamwe vagari (Kostroma Novgorod, Tver, Kurgan nedzimwe nzvimbo) haisi kukurudzira. Isu tinotarisira kuti huwandu hwe "kukohwa pachako" haukanganisa musika.
Zvinyorwa zvitsva
Pakupera kweongororo, ndinoda kutaura mazwi mashoma nezve kuitwa kweiyo yakakosha indasitiri subprogram "Kuvandudza kuberekesa mbatatisi uye kugadzirwa kwembeu muRussian Federation" (mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yacho inoratidzwa mudhipatimendi reNational Report pane zvigadzirwa, mbishi zvigadzirwa uye chikafu).
Sezvakaratidzwa mugwaro, chakanangwa "huwandu hwemhando itsva dzemakwikwi epamba dzakagadzirwa pasi pechirongwa" muna 2019 chakazadziswa ne500%. Izvi zvinoreva kuti panzvimbo yemhando mbiri dzakarongwa, vafudzi veRussia vakagadzira gumi gumi panguva imwe chete (Mwenje yekuchamhembe, Elena, Gulliver, Samba, Prime, Carmen, Indigo, Triumph, Mishka, Kumach). Dzimwe mhando makumi maviri dziri kugadzirirwa kunyoreswa kwenyika. Mukati mehurongwa hweiyo subprogram, mbatatisi yembeu yekusarudzwa kwepamba ye "elite" chikamu chine huwandu hwe10 matani akagadzirwa uye akatengeswa - kunyangwe hazvo kuzadzikiswa kwechiratidzo ichi muna 20 hakuna kurongwa zvachose.
Kune rimwe divi, iyo Potato Union haigone kufara nekukunda kweichi chikamu. Kune rimwe divi, ndinoda chaizvo kuona kusimbiswa kwakajeka pamusoro apa: semuenzaniso, mhedzisiro yemiyedzo yakasiyana siyana, iyo inotibvumidza kuwana mhedziso yekuti mhando nyowani dzeRussia dzinonyanyisa kugona kwevamwe vekunze.