Mbatatisi ndeimwe yezvirimwa zvakanyanya panjodzi dzemarudzi ese ezvirwere. Kupinda mukati mehutachiona, fungal, uye hutachiona hutachiona nekufamba kwenguva, unganidza mu tubers uye kutsamwisa kuora kwe mbatata .. Mufananidzo naVictor Bobyr
Nyanzvi dzeKomi Rosselkhoznadzor Directorate dzinokurudzira kuti mhando dzembeu dzematatisi dzakabatanidzwa muRegistry Reti of Selection Achievements Inotenderwa kushandiswa muRussia uye Zoned for the Climate Zone ishandiswe kudyara.
Zvinoenderana neGOST 33996-2016 "Mbeu mbatatisi. Unyanzvi mamiriro uye nzira dzekusarudza kunaka ", mbatatisi mbatata tubers inofanira kunge iine hutano, yakazara, iine ganda rakasimba, chimiro uye ruvara rwakafanana neyakaenderana botanical akasiyana, yakaoma, isina kumera (mukutengeswa kwemvura, machubhu ane nhungirwa isingasviki 5 mm akareba anotenderwa) .
Mbeu mbatatisi tubers dzakakamurwa muzvikamu: superelite, elite, tubers yekutanga, yechipiri uye yechitatu kubereka.
Superelite ndiyo yakanyanya "kuchena", isina chero hutachiona, mbatatisi yakakura mumarabhoritari mamiriro kubva meristem. Iyi inodhura zvakanyanya yekudyara, inowanzotengwa nemakwenzi ekugadzirwa kweinotevera mbatatisi yembeu nembatatisi yekutanga kubereka.
Elite mbatatisi yembeu yakakwirira-yemhando yekudyara zvinhu zvisina hutachiona nehutachiona uye hutachiona. Zvirimwa zvine hutano zvinokura kubva mazviri, sekuteerera sezvazvinogona kuitira kutarisirwa kwakanaka uye nekupa goho repamusoro remhando yepamusoro tubers.
Chekutanga kubereka mbatatisi imbeu mbatatisi yakawanikwa mugore rekutanga mushure mekunge ma elite tubers adyarwa. Zvinhu zvakadai zvekudyara zvinopawo gohwo rakanaka, asi zvinotanga kuunganidza zvirwere nekukurumidza kupfuura "elite" yekirasi mbatatisi.
Mbeu yakanaka zvakare inokura kubva kubatatisi yechipiri neyechitatu kuberekwa, asi mushure megore kana maviri inoenda muchikamu che "chikafu mbatatisi", mune izvo kubereka kunoderera, varietal mavara uye kuramba kwehosha kurasikirwa.
Imwe yemirairo mikuru - usaite kutenga mumisika yekutengesa kana kubva kune vasina kutengeswa vatengesi. Iye mutengesi anofanira kunge aine chitupa chekuenderana (chitupa chembeu) yezvigadzirwa zvinoratidza zita reiyo dzakasiyana, mhando yekudyara zvinhu (super elite, elite), nhamba yehuwandu, chirimwa chegore, batch uremu, zita nekero yemutengesi. Iyo mbatata yakasarudzwa inofanirwa kuve yakakodzera kukura mudunhu rako (mhando dzakaberekerwa kumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba hazvina kukodzera kukura mumukati wepakati uye nzvimbo dzekuchamhembe, uye zvinopesana).
Iyo machubhu inofanirwa kuoma, kunyangwe ichinyorova, yakafanana pachimiro uye nehuremu, neine elastic peel (peel wrinkled inoratidza isina kuchengetwa, inogona kukanganisa zvirimwa).
Mbatatisi yembeu yemhando yepamusoro inofanirwa kunge isina mabukira (panguva yekufambisa, mamwe acho achanyatsobva, izvo zvichizotungamira pakuderedzwa kwakakora kwekukohwa); iyo machubhu haifanirwe kunge iine mhunga, matinji, kucheka kana kuteedzera kuora (nekuti yakakwirira mhando mbatata izvi hazvigamuchirike, nekuti maburi akadai haagoni kutaridzika sehutano hwekudyara zvinhu).
Pamusoro pezvo, kuvapo kwemasora mhodzi dzekugovaniswa kukosha kweRussian Federation, pamwe chete nezvipembenene nezvirwere, zvinosanganisira cancer mbatatisi, brown bhakitiriya kuora, gumbo dema, marudzi akasiyana emifananidzo, kunonoka kukonzeresa, danda dema, uye mbatata smut, hazvibvumirwe mune mbatatisi yembeu. goridhe mbatata nematode nevamwe.
Kushandisa mbatata tubers dzisingazivikanwe danho rekudyara, pane yakakura mukana wechirwere chinopinda mune yayo saiti. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kune chisina kunaka chirimwa, pamwe nekusvibiswa kwevhu.
Ngatiyeuchidzei kuti varombo vanogara muRepublic vachakwanisa kuwana mari yekutenga mbeu mbatatisi nemiriwo. Vanhu vanorima mbatatisi pazvikamu zvavo vanozokwanisa kutora mukana weiyo nyowani yekutsigira chiyero.
Pane portal yeruzhinji hurukuro yemitemo yekunyora, iyo Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Protection yakatumira gwaro rehurumende, iro rinounza chiyero cherutsigiro rwemagariro uye rinotarisa maitiro nemamiriro ekubhadharwa kwemari.
Nechepamutemo, bundu remari kubhadhara richanzi "kuitisa kurima gadheni". Ukuru hwayo huchava mazana mashanu rubles. Mhuri uye vanhu vakasurukirwa vanozivikanwa sevarombo muna Chivabvu 500, 1 vanogona kutarisira kugamuchira mari. Izvo zvinotsanangurwa kuti mumhuri ine varombo mazana mashanu rubles anozobhadharwa pamunhu wese.
Nzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzekupihwa kwevashandi vevanhu vari mumagariro ekudzivirirwa kwevanhu munharaunda vachasarudza nekuendesa muripo. Izvo zvichave zvakakosha kunyorera kubhadhara kwete kupfuura June 30, 2020.
Nechinangwa chekubhadhara, zvichave zvakafanira kuendesa kunzvimbo yechikamu chirevo chinoratidza kuwanikwa kweimba inochengeterwa mhuri yevarombo kana munhu mumwe mupenyu, mukushandiswa kusingaperi, kwakanaka, hupenyu hwese hunowanikwa kana kubhadharwa. Iwe unozofanirwa kupa iyo yekutanga yegwaro iri. Chitupa chekuzivikanwa kwemhuri kana munhu akasurukirwa mupenyu hachina kupihwa. Iwo masisitendi anoongorora mamiriro aya ari kwavo.
Sarudzo yekugadzwa uye kubhadhara kana kuramba inoitwa mukati memazuva mashanu ebhizinesi kubva pazuva rekunyoreswa kwenyorwa. Mari ichaendeswa mukati memazuva gumi yekarenda kubva pazuva sarudzo parubhadharo rwakaitwa.