Boka revasayendisiti rakagadzira mutsva wemakemikari musanganiswa unodzivisa photosynthesis mumashizha emiti: inodzivisa kushanda kweprotein complex iyo inotakura chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzirisa - kuparara kwemvura muokisijeni. Ichi chinhu chinogona kuita prototype yemishonga inorwisa sora, asi isingakuvadzi kuvanhu nemhuka. Mhedzisiro yechidzidzo ichi, yakatsigirwa nerubatsiro kubva kuRussian Science Foundation (RNF), yakabudiswa mupepanhau Cells, inoshuma. Gazeta.ru.
Photosynthesis inzira iyo zvirimwa zvinogadzira organic compounds kubva kucarbon dioxide nemvura. Inoitwa nerubatsiro rwemaprotein mahombe maviri makuru - photosystems 1 uye 2 (PS1 uye PS2), imwe neimwe ine nzvimbo yekuita, mapuroteni akatenderedza uye pigment. Pasi pekuita kwechiedza chezuva, chlorophyll iri mureaction centre inonakidzwa uye inotamisa maerekitironi ayo kune mamwe mamorekuru ari muphotosystem. Shanduko dzinotevera dzemaerekitironi dzinoperekedzwa nekuunganidzwa kwemamorekuru ane simba guru, akadai seATP, anobatanidzwa mukuumbwa kwezvakagadzirwa organic. Kushaikwa kwemaerekitironi akasiiwa kubva kuchlorophyll kunotsiviwa nekuora kwemamorekuru emvura - panguva iyi ndipo panoburitswa okisijeni sechigadzirwa.
Masayendisiti kubva kuInstitute of Fundamental Biological Problems yeRussia Academy yeScience (Pushchino) nevamwe vaanoshanda navo kubva kuGazi University (Turkey) vakagadzira musanganiswa mutsva wakavakirwa pamhangura uye chidimbu cheorganic chinodzvanya photosynthesis mumashizha. Kuti vaone kushanda kwechinhu ichi, vanyori vakaparadzanisa PS2-yakagadziriswa thylakoid membranes kubva kumashizha-zvimiro mukati mekloroplasts-uye vakawedzera mhinduro yekomboni itsva kune yakaguma kumiswa. Iyo inhibitory effect yakaongororwa nekuwanda kwekuburitswa kweokisijeni kwakakonzerwa nekuvhenekerwa kwakaderedzwa - semuenzaniso, chiyero chayo chakaderedzwa ne69%. Uye zvakare, mhedzisiro yechinhu ichi yakadzidzwa nehuwandu hwemamwe maitiro anoratidza chiitiko chePS2: semuenzaniso, kuwedzera kweinhibitor kwakaderedza luminescence yechlorophyll panguva yephotosynthesis. Panguva imwecheteyo, kushanda kwechirwere hakuna kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva, asi kwaienderana chete nekugadzirisa kwayo.
Kuderera kwekuburitswa kweokisijeni kwakaratidza kuti photosystem yakashanda zvishoma. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti chinangwa chikuru chemushonga mutsva ndiyo nzvimbo yekupindura yeprotein complex: chinhu chinosunga kuPS2 core uye chinoshandura chimiro chayo. Somugumisiro, maererano nemasayendisiti, nzira yekubhadhara mari pakati pezvikamu zveketani yekutakura electron yakavhiringidzwa.
Iyo yakagadziridzwa inhibitor inogona kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemishonga mitsva yesora, iyo ichashandiswa, semuenzaniso, mukurwisa masora anokurumidza kukura anooneka asati amera zvirimwa. Sezvo maitiro ekuora kwemvura achiitwa chete musero rechirimwa, mushonga wesora unogona kunge wakachengeteka zvachose kuvanhu nemhuka.
“Takagadzira mukomboni uchabvisa zvine mutsindo mbesa dzisingadiwe, nokudaro tichiwedzera goho. Idzi data rinogona kuve hwaro hwakakosha mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinobudirira pazvishoma zvinogoneka, "anodaro munyori wekutanga webhuku iri, Sergey Zharmukhamedov, Mumiriri weBiological Sayenzi, Anotungamira Muongorori paInstitute of Fundamental Biological Problems yeRussia. Academy yeSainzi.
Zvakare, masayendisiti kubva kuInstitute of Molecular Biology uye Biotechnology yeNational Academy of Sciences yeAzerbaijan (Baku), iyo Institute of Plant Physiology yakatumidzwa zita reK.A. Timiryazev (Moscow), King Saud University (Saudi Arabia) uye Moscow State University inonzi M.V. Lomonosov (Moscow).