Pakupera kwaZvita, iyo "Potato System" magazini yakaronga webinar yakatsaurirwa kumarudzi emazuva ano anovimbisa embatatisi. Iyo webinar yakapindwa nevamiriri vemakambani anozivikanwa ekuberekesa uye anokura mbeu anoshanda mumusika weRussia. Kambani yega yega yakaudza vateereri nezve mabhenefiti uye maficha emhando mbiri idzi mumutsetse wavo.
Takasarudza kuchengeta iyi ruzivo runobatsira kune vedu vaverengi nekutsikisa pane saiti seyakateerana ezvinyorwa.
Chokupedzisira zvinhu mukutenderera uku kunoiswa kune ekutanga kukura mhando KOROLEVA ANNA uye LABELLA kusarudzwa SOLARIUM... Mutauri: Natalia Morozova, Musoro weDhipatimendi reMbatatisi, German Seed Alliance.
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German Seed Alliance mubatanidzwa wemakambani makuru ekuberekesa mbeu kuGerman.
Kubva 2011, German Seed Alliance yanga ichimiririra muRussia zvido zveumwe wevaivamba - kambani yeSolana, ichipa zvinhu kubva kunze kwenyika kubva kuGerman neNetherlands (makumi maviri neshanu esarudzo dzeSolana dzakawedzerwa kuRejista yeHurumende yeBreeding Achievements e iyo Russian Federation), pamwe nekutengesa mbatatisi inogadzirwa pasi peye Solana rezinesi mumakambani uye makambani ekubatana muRussia.
Gore rega rega kambani inoradzika huwandu hwakawanda hwekuyedza demo munyika medu (muna 2020, zvinopfuura mazana maviri emidziyo akaiswa mumatunhu makumi matatu ematapiri chete). Basa rakadai rinobvumidza munhu kugutsikana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, maitiro ezvakasiyana muvhu rakasiyana, mamiriro ekunze uye agronomic mamiriro.
Iyo misiyano yakasetwa yakatambanuka, varimi vembatatisi veRussia vanonyatsoziva mhando dzakadai seBELMONDA, LILLI, RED LADY, RODRIGA, KOROLEVA ANNA, LYUDMILA (yekugadzirisa muFrench fries), VERDI neOPAL (kugadzirwa kwemachipisi).
Nhasi tichataura zvakadzama nezvemhando mbiri dzinozivikanwa dzekushandisa tafura.
MAMBOKADZI ANNA
Izvo zvakasiyana ndezveboka rekutanga rekuibva, zvinomera nguva: 70-80 mazuva kubva panguva yekubuda. MuNyika Kunyoresa kubvira 2015.
Izvo zvakasiyana zvine zita rekuda uye rinozvipembedza zvizere. Inotaridzika nekutaridzika kwayo kwepamberi, yakakodzera kuwacha, kuchenesa, kurongedza. Ruvara rwe peel yero, iwo maziso ari pamusoro. Tubers akareba-oval, nehupamhi hweyunifomu. Ruvara rwe pulp yero.
Inozivikanwa nekunakisisa kuravira. Wemukati starch 13-15%.
Multi-tuber dzakasiyana-siyana (anosvika makumi maviri pcs. Pagwenzi), yakakwira-inobereka (goho 20-50 t / ha). Kubata: 65-82%. Huremu hwekutengesa tuber, paavhareji, kubva pa96 kusvika 84 g.
Inokodzera yekuchengetedza-kwenguva refu, yakanakisa kuchengetedza mhando - inenge 93%.
Zvimiro zvehunyanzvi hwekurima:
Izvo zvakasiyana hazvidi pre-kumera kwembeu; kushamisika kwekushisa kwakakwana.
Inoratidza mibairo yakanaka pane ivhu repakati nepakati
Iyo yakareruka ivhu, inowedzera kureba pakati peiyo tubers. Iyo yakakurudzirwa kudzika kudzika ndeye 2-3 cm kudzika kupfuura zvakajairwa, iine hurefu hwecrest hunosvika 18-20 cm kubva kumusoro.
Panharaunda yenharaunda yeChernozem, kudzivirirwa kubva kuRhizoctonia kunofanira kuitwa.
Hazvikurudzirwi kuwandisa mbatatisi dzeKOROLEVA ANNA dzakasiyana neNitrogen, iyo muyero weitrogen mafetiraiza inofanira kuderedzwa ne20% yemaitiro.
Kunyanya kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa panguva yekutanga kukohwa: vhiki mbiri ndiyo yakaderera nguva basa risati ratanga mushure mekudonha, ipapo kuchera kwekuyedza kunofanirwa kuitiswa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti peel rakaumbwa zvizere uye rakasimbiswa. Izvo zvakare hazvikurudzirwe kuita yekuchenesa pakakwirira tembiricha, mune kupisa.
Mhando iyi inobvumidzwa kurimwa kuNorth-West, Central, Volgo-Vyatka, Central Black Earth, North Caucasus, Middle Volga, West neEast Siberian matunhu. Kubva 2021, yakaganhurirwa nzvimbo yeUral.
Kirasi yechipiri mukuwongorora kwanhasi - LABELLA... Iyo ndeyechikamu chepakati chepakati, nguva yekudyara: mazuva 75-85 kubva panguva yekubuda.
Ine yekutanga kutarisa nekuda kwayo yakapfuma yakadzika tsvuku. Maziso ari pamusoro, nyama yero. Iyo inozivikanwa nekuravira kwayo kwakanakisa, iyo starch yezvinyorwa ndeye 15-18%. Inokodzera kuwacha uye kurongedza.
Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakakwirira-kuburitsa (avhareji zviratidzo: kubva pa46 kusvika 60 t / ha). Tuber yakagadzika: kubva pagumi neshanu kusvika gumi nematanhatu: Kugoneka: 14-18%. Inotengeswa tuber uremu: kubva pa91 kusvika 92 g.
Inozviratidza mushe mukuchengetedza-kwenguva refu, kuchengetedza mhando i98%.
Zvimiro zvehunyanzvi hwekurima:
Mhando dzakasiyana dzakakodzera kukura pane angangoita marudzi ese evhu, nekuda kwekupokana kwaro negavhu uye kuona kwakasviba, zvisinei, pane ivhu rakareruka panguva dzakaoma, kudiridza panguva yakakodzera kunodiwa kuwedzera goho.
Chinhu chakasarudzika chema tubers ipere peel (i.e., peel ine sub-peel). Nekuda kweizvi, iyo misiyano inoratidzirwa neyakareruka kunzwisisika kune kukuvara kwemishini, kunyange ichiri nani kuikohwa mune yakapfava modhi.
Kuti uwane kukohwa kwekutanga, mbeu yemhando yemhando iyi inofanira kumera.
LABELLA haina kujeka kune metribuzin panguva yekurapa kwekubuda.
Kuvapo kwenzvimbo yewakisi kwakakosha kwazvo, matatu kusvika mana ekurapa nemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka inodiwa.
Mukugadzirwa kwembeu, zvakakosha kuti utange kupfeka kana 30% yembeu yaonekwa, uye dzokorora mazuva ese manomwe.
Nekutyisidzira kweaphid infestation, kushandiswa kwezvipembenene kunoratidzwa.
Kurapa panguva yakakodzera kurwisa Alternaria kunokurudzirwa. Izvo zvakasiyana zvine avhareji kuramba kune anononoka blight (mashanu pa5 mapfumbamwe), saka iwe unofanirwa kutarisisa kune ekurapa kurwisa kwakanonoka blight.
Kuti unyatsoona kugona kwezvakasiyana, nyanzvi dzinopa zano rekudyara kudyara (kana yakura kuitira tafura) uye shanda zvakanyatsonaka ne nitrogen. Chiyero chemayero akaiswa enitrogen uye potasium (1: 2) chakakosha kwazvo. Usapfuure ne nitrogen kuti udzivise mhedzisiro yekutsemuka uye kuoneka kwekusagadzikana.
Mhando iyi ine kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo muCentral, North Caucasian, Middle Volga uye Ural matunhu.