Kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvembatatisi ndechimwe chezvikonzero mukugadzirisa dambudziko rekugara uye kuzara kwehuwandu hwehuwandu nechikafu, saka hazvina kuitika kuti munyika zhinji dzakabudirira dzepasi pane kudzikira kwekudyiwa kwembatatisi uye kuwedzera. mukushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa.
Mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, kuberekesa mbatatisi kwave kuchiitwa nekutarisisa kune izvo zvinodiwa sechinangwa chekushandiswa kwechirimwa, kuvandudza kunaka uye biological kukosha kwema tubers, tichifunga nezve tarisiro yekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kuita musanganiswa wezvigadzirwa zvembatatisi, pakati payo. crisp mbatatisi inogara pachinzvimbo chekutungamira maererano nehuwandu hwekugadzira. Munyika zhinji dzepasi, kune maitiro anooneka ekuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvembatatisi zvakagadzirirwa mumabhizinesi akasarudzika. Panyaya iyi, kusikwa kwemhando nyowani uye mahybrids embatatisi akakodzera kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri inzvimbo yakakosha yekutsvagisa kwesainzi.
Iyo yakasiyana-siyana ndiyo inonyanya kukosha mukuwedzera kubereka uye chinhu chikuru chehunyanzvi tekinoroji mukukura kwembatatisi. Kwete chete zvakakosha zvehupfumi uye zvevatengi zvivakwa zvechigadzirwa zvinoenderana nekwakabva zvinhu, asiwo kutungamira kwekushandisa uye kushambadzira kwechirimwa chakakura. Imwe neimwe nguva mukusimudzira indasitiri inoda yakakwana uye inotofanira kuita sarudzo yekusarudza.
Tsika yekuberekesa yepasirese inoratidza kuti kusikwa kwemhando nyowani dzembatatisi dzine hunyanzvi hwekugonesa kunopa kufambira mberi kwechokwadi mukuwedzera goho uye mhando yechigadzirwa mukuchinja mamiriro ekukura kweagro-climatic uku ichideredza mutoro wemishonga yezvipembenene nekuvandudza mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza.
Panyaya iyi, kukurumidza kusimudzira uye kushambadzira kweanovimbisa marudzi ekuberekesa mudzimba, ayo asiri akaderera kune akanakisa ekunze analogues, ndicho chinhu chakakosha chehunyanzvi hwekugadzira mbatatisi. Nekudaro, kukwidziridzwa kwezvitsva zvekupfuya zvinosanganisirwa muRejista yeHurumende yeRussian Federation kunoitwa nekukurumidza zvakanyanya, kunyangwe hazvo mamiriro ekunze uye ekunze ematunhu mazhinji enyika yedu anotitendera kuti tizvione seanovimbisa kuronga. kugadzirwa kwembeu mbatatisi. Nechikonzero ichi, vagadziri vezvinhu zvakakura vanoenderera mberi nekutenga huwandu hwakakosha hwembeu dzemarudzi ekunze, kunyanya kubva kumakambani ekuEurope ekuberekesa nembeu, kuti awedzere kubereka muRussia. Kukunda kudzikira kwakadzikama mukugova kwembeu dzembatatisi dzemumba uye kuvimba nembeu dzinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvinogoneka kana kukwikwidza kwemhando dzichangogadzirwa kuchiwedzera uye kugadzirwa kwembeu dzakasimbiswa kuchiwedzera.
Nekuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, dambudziko rakamuka mukushaikwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira zvine zvimiro zvinodikanwa - hapana kana mhando dzakakosha, uye izvo zviripo zvinokurudzirwa kugadzirwa kwechikafu hazvina kunyatso dzidza. Nzvimbo yekukura zvakare ine simba rakakura pane, semuenzaniso, kunaka kwembatatisi. Kusvika pamwero mukuru, hunhu hwakakosha hwehupfumi hwembatatisi hunoenderana nemamiriro emwaka wekukura.
Izvo zvinodiwa zvemhando yemachubhu ekugadzirisa zvinosiyana zvichienderana nechigadzirwa chakanangwa. Zvinokosha zvikuru zviratidzo zveanatomical, morphological, biochemical, uye organoleptic. Naizvozvo, kukudziridzwa kwemhando dzakakosha dzakanyanya kukodzera kugadzira semi-yakapera uye yakagadzirira-kudya-kudya, pamwe nekushandiswa kwehunyanzvi zvinangwa, yakakosha.
Paunenge uchiberekesa mhando dzakakosha dzekugadzirisa kuita zvigadzirwa zvembatatisi, zvakakosha zvinodiwa zvinoiswa pane zviri mukati meiyo yakaoma (20-25%) uye kuderedza shuga (0,2-0,5%), iyo inotaridza kunaka kwechigadzirwa chakapedzwa.
Kugadziriswa kwemaindasitiri, iwo anonyanya kukodzera machubhu akatenderedzwa, akatenderedzwa uye akatenderedzwa kune oblong-oval, sezvo izvi zvinofambisa kurongedza mbatatisi, inoderedza marara panguva yekuchenesa uye kukuvara kwemishini, uye inowedzera goho rezvakajairwa zvigadzirwa. Pakugadzirwa kwembatatisi yakakanuka (chips), mbatatisi yakakura ine yakaoma nyaya inokwana 17% mukati menguva kubva Nyamavhuvhu kusvika Gunyana inodiwa, mukati megore rose 20 ... 24%, density - 720 kg / m3 . Izvo zviri mukati mekudzikisa shuga hazvisi kupfuura 0,25%, kugovera kwavo yunifomu mukati mehuwandu hwehubhu. Mbatatisi haifanire kuunganidza inoderedza shuga panguva yekuchengetedza uye nekukurumidza kuderedza mwero wekudzikisa shuga kusvika kumazinga anoshandisika panguva yekugadzirisa mushure mekuchengetedza kuderera kwekushisa. Mbatatisi dzakakura dzinodiwa kugadzira fries fries. Chimiro chemachubhu chakaita oblong, denderedzwa-oval, yakarongedzwa neshallow ocelli. Kureba - 50 mm kana kupfuura. Solids zvirimo - kubva pa20 kusvika 24%, kuderedza shuga - zvakafanana neye crispy mbatatisi, density - 720 kg / m.3. Mbatatisi dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa, iyo machubhu ayo asina-enzymatic kusviba kwehuputi mushure mekusvuura, kugocha, panguva yechando uye mushure mekunyungudika. Mbatatisi haifanire kuunganidza inoderedza (kuderedza) shuga panguva yekuchengetedza uye nekukasira kuderedza mwero yavo kune inogamuchirika kukosha panguva yekugadziriswa mushure mekushomeka kwekushisa.
Chakanyanya kukosha mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvembatatisi ndeyekudzikisa shuga mumachubhu, ayo ane simba oxidizing agents uye, kana achisangana nemaamino compounds, ammonia kana simple peptides, inoumba rima dema melanoidin komisheni ine ruby tint, iyo inokanganisa. kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa. Izvo zviri mukati mekudzikisa shuga mumachubhu imhando yemhando, zvisinei, chiratidzo ichi hachirambe chiripo uye chinosiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ekukura, kuchengetedza uye kukura kweiyo tubers.
Rondedzero yezvinyorwa zvakashandiswa:
1. Zhevora, S.V. Mbatata: matambudziko uye tarisiro / S. V. Zhevora, B.V. Anisimov, E. A. Simakov, E. V. Oats, S.N. Zebrin // Mbatata nemiriwo. - 2019. - Nhamba 7. - p. 13-17.
2. Zemtsova, M.A. Tekinoroji ongororo yemhando dzembatatisi dzekukodzera kwekugadzirisa kuita crispy mbatatisi uye fries fries / M.A. Zemtsova, I. I. Timofeeva // Kudzivirirwa kwembatatisi. - 2011. - Nhamba 1. - S. 17-20.
3. Pshechenkov, K.A. Mutengi hunhu hwemachubhu uye crispy mbatatisi zvichienderana nemhando, mamiriro ekukura uye kuchengetedza / K.A. Pshechenkov, O. N. Davydenkova // Nyaya dzekukura mbatatisi. Scientific tr. VNIIKH. - M., 2003. - S. 90-99.