Ikozvino, muminda yevagari veAmur, mune kudyarwa kwembatatisi, zvinokwanisika kuona neziso rakashama chipukanana chine polyphagous - 28-point ladybug kana epilyakhna. Mbatata ladybugs dzinonyanya kudya mbatatisi misoro, asi vanofara vanodya pamashizha epepuru, madomasi, eggplant, magaka, manhanga, mamwe mavise, chibage, soya.
Epilyakhna haisi imwe yezvipembenene zvinouya kubva kunze kuenda kuAmur Dunhu. “Iye chizvarwa chekuFar East, uye akagara kuno kare murume asati azvarwa. Kungo wedzera kudyarwa kwembatatisi, kunyanya mubazi remumba, pasina kurwa kwakarongeka, zvakasikwa zvakakonzera kuwedzera kwevanhu, "anodaro Pavel Zhirnov, mukuru wedhipatimendi reBlagoveshchensk rebazi reRosselkhoztsentr mudunhu reAmur.
Yevhudzi ladybird mudunhu reAmur inopa chizvarwa chimwe chete pazhizha. Mushure mekunyorovesa pasi pemarara emusango pamatondo emasango, pasi pemirwi yemiti yakasara muminda uye muvhu repamusoro pevhu, iwo ma ladybugs anoenda kunofudza pakati paMay - kutanga kwaJune. Iyo yakaoma yechando kuomarara kweepilyakhna yakanyanya kukwirisa, nyongori dzayo hadzife patembiricha kusvika -45C °, kufa kwakawanda kwemadzikadzi kunoonekwa chete munguva yechando ine chando chidiki uye chando chakanyanya. Munharaunda yeAmur, zvinorwadza kunyangwe mudunhu reTyndinsky, rinozivikanwa nemamiriro ekunze akashata.
Kuona kuti inovanda zvakanyanya pasi pesango, svutugadzike inokonzeresa kukuvadza mbatatisi munzvimbo ine masango. Mumatunhu ari steppe mudunhu, idiki, kunyangwe mumakore achangopfuura paine maitiro ekuwedzera huwandu hwayo. Nhungirwa dzemombe makumi mana nenhanhatu dzinodya svutugadziro yemashizha painenge ichifura, pasina kubata veins, nemamwe mazwi, vano sora mashizha. Mashizha akakuvara akadaro anokurumidza kutendeuka opera uye anowa. Pamusoro pekuparadza mashizha, epilyakhnas inopararira nehutachiona hutachiona, uye semugumisiro, goho remaziroti rinoderera ne28-10%, zviri mukati maro zviri mumabhubhu anodzikira.
"Mushure mekudya kwakanaka kwemashizha madiki embatatisi, madzvinyu echikadzi embatatisi, kutanga kubva muna Chikumi kusvika pakati paNyamavhuvhu, anotanga kukandira mazai," anodaro Pavel Zhirnov. - Iko kubereka kweye ladybird kwakanyanya kwazvo - mamwe madzimai echikadzi anounza anosvika zviuru zviviri mazai. Mazai anochochora mwena yero makonye, akatenderera, anosvika kumamirimita matanhatu pakureba, aine mitsara yechitema spines - tsono, idzo, zvisinei, dzisingakwanise kubaya chero munhu, sezvo dzakapfava kwazvo. Hupenyu hwavo hwese hunenge mwedzi mumwe chete, maruva, achiteedzera vabereki vavo, anonyatsodya mashizha, achivaita skeletonizing iwo. Nekudaro, mune makumi maviri neshanu mbichana-mbichana, matete nemaruva zvinokuvadza. Ipapo maruva pupate uye oshanduka kuita maduku maduku. Vechiduku nyuchi, vasati vaenda kunzvimbo dzechando, vanodyisa zvakanyanya, uye kukora kwakadai kwemafuta echando kunoitika kubva pakati paAugust kusvika kune yekutanga kutonhora - pakati paGunyana. Nyanzvi dzebazi redziviriro yezvirimwa zvebazi reFederal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" vanoyambira kuti nzira huru yekurwisa iyo lady-2-point ladybird imakemikari, iyo inobvumidza kudyara mbatatisi kubvisa chipembenene kweanenge mavhiki maviri mushure mekumwaya. Kuti mbatata dzakura dzive dzakachengeteka pahutano, mishonga yekurapa inoitwa kanenge mazuva makumi matatu kukohwa kusati kwatanga. Iyi ndiyo inonzi nguva yekumirira.
Mumirayiridzo yakawanda yekushandiswa kwemushonga, nguva ino yakaiswa pamazuva 10-25. Munharaunda yeAmur, zhizha rinotonhora zvakanyanya kupfuura muEuropean Russia, uko mishonga yakatengeswa yakaedzwa, saka mishonga yacho inoora zvishoma nezvishoma uye nguva yekuora kwavo kwakakwana muzvirimwa inowedzerwa. Mushure mekumirira mazuva makumi matatu, michero yakagadziriswa ichave yakachengeteka. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uchengetedze zvakanyatso dosage yemushonga, maererano nemirairo yakasungirirwa, pasina mhaka yekuwedzeredza huwandu hwekunyorera chikumbiro, asi kwete kuurerutsa. Chete kana uchishandisa dosi yakakurudzirwa, huwandu hwakasara hwemushonga muchigadzirwa haungakuvadze. Usashandise mishonga yakapera, yakapera uye isina ruzivo. Kana iwe ukaronga zvinopfuura chimwe chete chekurapwa pamwaka, ipapo shandisa akasiyana madhiragi aine mumwe mushonga unoshanda. Izvi zvichabatsira kudzivirira kubuda kwemishonga inodzivirira zvipembenene. Kuti tisasanganise kuunganidzwa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza, mudunhu reAmur zvinokurudzirwa kuitisa zvisingapfuure 30 mishonga yekurapa yemiriwo nemichero michero pamwaka. Kuti udzivise kufa kwenyuchi, hazvibviri kuita kurapwa kwemakemikari kwezvirimwa panguva inoyerera, zvinogoneka chete kana zvisati zvaitika. Izvo zvinowanzo kuve nani kutema maruva pamakwenzi emapoto, siya izvo zvinovaka muviri zviende kunogadzirwa ma tubers, uye kwete mukubatsira maruva. Zviri nani kuitisa kugadzirisa nekukurumidza nenzvimbo dzakavakidzana, ipapo kufa kwezvipuka kuchave kwakakwana. Izvo zvakachengeteka kugadzirira kugadzirira kwekugadzirisa zvirimwa mune yenguva dzose gasi mask kana RPG kufema. Cotton-gauze, machira ekupfeka haakwanise kuchengetedza nhengo dzako dzekufema kubva kumakemikari. Pfeka zvipfeko zvinofukidza muviri wako zvakakwana. Mudziyo wakashandiswa, mhinduro yasara inofanira kuraswa zvakawoma maererano nemirairo yakabatanidzwa mukugadzirira.
Nyanzvi dzeRosselkhoztsentr dzinokurudzira zvinodhaka zvinotevera: Commander, VRK (chinhu chikuru chemushonga uyo unouraya zvipembenene zvakazara imidacloprid), Iskra - Zolotaya, P Tanrek, VRK, Corado, VRK (inoshanda chinhu - imidacloprid), Aktara, VDG (inoshanda chinhu - thiamethoxam). Dzivirira kwemavhiki makumi matatu nemaviri zvinodhaka zvakadai seQi-Alpha, EC (inoshanda chinhu - alpha-cypermethrin), Kinmix, EC (inoshanda chinhu - beta-cypermethrin), Mheni, EC (inoshanda chinhu - lambda-cyhalothrin). Kupfuurirazve, mushonga uri mumuriwo unodzikira zvekuti unenge usina kukuvadza kune zvipembenene. Biological kugadzirira kurwisa mombe inokurudzirwawo: Fitoverm, EC (inoshanda chinhu - aversectin C), Iskra - Bio (inoshanda chinhu - avertin N), Bitoxibacillin, P. Aya gadziriro anouraya zvipembenene nemarara zvigadzirwa zvehutachiona, saka hazvikuvadze kuvanhu. Nguva yekumirira ivo ingori mazuva maviri chete. Munguva yemwaka, zvigadzirwa zvebiological zvinogona zvakare kushandiswa kune kwete anopfuura maviri ekurapa. Dambudziko ravo guru kubviswa kuri nyore kubva pamashizha, kurapwa nezvirimwa nemvura kana nedova rakawanda, pamwe nekushomeka kwekuuraya iwo ladybug kana ichienzaniswa nekugadziriswa kwemakemikari. Naizvozvo, kurapwa kwezvirimwa nezvibereko zvezvipenyu kunoitwa mumamiriro ekunze, akajeka uye akadzikama, kana iko kupora kusingaite mukati memaawa 2-3 mushure mekurapwa.