Kubva 2020, 30% yemitengo yevarimi yezviyero zvekuvandudza kubereka kwevhu ichabhadharwa kubva kubhajeti rehurumende. Izvi zvakaziviswa neMutungamiriri Wokutanga Gurukota rezvekurima reRussia Dzhambulat Khatuov panguva yemusangano "Zuva reYaroslavl Munda", TASS inoshuma. “Pakazosvika gore ra2020, matanho ekutsigira nyika nenzira yekubhadharisa mari yekuwedzera kubereka kwevhu ichatanga kushanda. Mari inoshandiswa nevagari vanoita mabasa aya ichabhadharwa ne30%, ”akadaro Khatuov.
Akajekesa kuti isu tiri kutaura nezvevhu deidoation, pamwe nemamwe akati wandei ebasa. Sekureva kwake, Bazi rezvekurima rakagadzirirawo chiyero chekutsigira nenzira yekudzorera yemari yekuisa ivhu mukutenderera kwekurima. "70% yemitengo ichagamuchirwa neuyo anounza ivhu mukutenderera," Khatuov akawedzera. Akarangarira kuti dzimba dzekurima-maindasitiri dzaive nebasa rekuwedzera kunze kwenyika, zvichiwedzera huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvezvirimwa zvekurima. "Kuti uite izvi, zvakafanira kugadzirisa ivhu kubereka, kusimudzira kuwanikwa kwemichina yekurima," basa rekudhinda reYaroslavl mudunhu manejimendi anotora mazwi Khatuov achidaro.
Kutsigira kwenyika matanho ekusimudzira kubereka kunodiwa, anodaro Yekaterina Gataulina, mutsvagiri anotungamira kuAll-Russian Institute of Agrarian Problems and Informatics. "Asi zvakawanda zvichatsamira pane chaiwo mashandiro achaitwa, uye kuti pachave nekuderedzwa here mune mamwe, matanho atovepo ekutsigira nyika," anoyambira. Kunyanya, zvakakosha kuti mashandiro ezviitiko anozogadziriswa sei. "Chivimbiso chekuwedzera kwekubereka kwevhu chinosanganisirwa nemiedzo inodhura yemarabhoritari inofanirwa kuitwa nevarimi, izvi zvinowedzera mutengo wekuwana rutsigiro rwakadai," anodaro.
Parizvino, chirongwa chekudzorera ivhu chave kutoshanda muRussia, asi chakanangana nekugadzira nekuchengetedza masisitimu ekudiridza ivhu kana kuidiridzira, kutsigira kurima kwezvekurima uye zvetsika nehunyanzvi zviitiko. Iko kune zvakare mashandiro erisingaenderane nerutsigiro mukugadzirwa kwezvirimwa, iyo inosanganisirwawo nekuwedzera kwekubereka kwevhu, Gataulina zvinyorwa. “Zvisinei, zvimwe zvezvitsigiro zvisina hukama zvakatorerwa matunhu akati wandei, varikugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekurima. Muna 2019, aya ndiwo Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetsk, Tambov neRostov matunhu, Krasnodar neStavropol matunhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, dambudziko rekudzikira kubereka rakanyanya kwese kwese. Kune matunhu ane acidification yevhu yakasimba, asi ari kumatunhu anobatsira pakurima, ari kunyanya pamusoro pokudzoreredza ivhu nekuda kwekushandisa kwazvo, nezve muripo wekubviswa kwefetiraiza yemamineral uye humus, ”Gataulina anowedzera.
Kubva mahekita mamirioni 198 epurazi muRussia, chikamu chakakosha chiri pasi pehurongwa hwekudzikisira hunoshanda - hwakazara nemasora, makwenzi, masango madiki. Kukurwa kwemhepo kunokanganisa mahekita mamirioni makumi matanhatu nemasere epurazi, gwenga ratova mahekita anopfuura mamirioni zana, izvo zvinotsigirwa nekuumbwa kwegwenga rekutanga reRussia muKalmykia, anodaro mutevedzeri wedhipatimendi weFakitori yeSoil Science yeMoscow State University. MV Lomonosov Pavel Krasilnikov. Nzvimbo yemakoronga ari paivhu rinorimwa yakapfuura mahekita miriyoni imwe, kukura kwavo pagore kunosvika zviuru zviuru makumi maviri. Mugove weivhu rine acidic pakanangana nekudzikira kwakapinza mumavhoriyamu emarara yakawedzera kubva pa61% kusvika pa100% pamakore makumi maviri nematanhatu. Kuvhara mvura uye kuvhara mvura kunokanganisa 1% yevhu rinorimwa, imwezve 20% - yechipiri salinization; kumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba, mugove wenyika dzakadai unosvika 26%.