Iyo Association of Advanced Grain Processing Enterprises yakataura nezvebasa reindastiri kwehafu yekutanga ya2023, ichipa data pamusoro pekugadzirwa, kunze uye kunze kwenyika kwezvigadzirwa kubva kuindasitiri yakadzika yekugadzira zviyo. Kutengeswa nekutengeswa kwe sitarch kunze kwenyika kuri kuratidza kudzikira, izvo zviri kukonzerwa nekugadziriswa kweindasitiri iyi. Iye zvino makambani ari kutarisisa kune mamwe misika - Asia, Middle East, nedzimwe nyika dzeAfrica.
General kugadzira data
Hafu yekutanga ye2023 inogona kuratidzwa nekudzikira kudiki mukugadzirwa kwemamwe marudzi ezvigadzirwa zveindasitiri. Kudzikira kwekugadzirwa kwemasitashi ekuzvarwa kwakasvika 6% - 191 matani muhafu yekutanga ye589,8 zvichienzaniswa ne2023 matani panguva inoenderana gore rapfuura. Pakave nekudzikira kwekugadzira sitachi yegorosi ne203%, iyo yakasvika 375,8 matani zvichienzaniswa ne3 matani muna 24. Pakave nekudzikira kwekugadzirwa kwe sitachi yechibage ne821,7% - 25 matani muna 475,3 zvichienzaniswa ne2022 matani muna 6. Mbatatisi starch yakaratidzawo kudzikira kwe161% (muhuwandu hwematani 080,2). Muna 2023, kugadzirwa kwembatatisi starch kwakasvika matani 170. Huwandu hwekugadzirwa kwayo muRussia hunoramba huri hudiki kana uchienzaniswa nemamwe mastachi.
Mavhoriyamu ekugadzira nebhizinesi
Nekudaro, mavhoriyamu ekugadzira emabhizinesi akati wandei akawedzera zvichienzaniswa nenguva yekuzivisa gore rapfuura. Semuenzaniso, starch yechibage yakagadzirwa ne6% yakawanda neJSC Chaplyginsky Starch Plant (yakagadzirwa 15 tons) uye ne098,0% yakawanda neJSC Khobotovsky Enterprise Starch Product (yakagadzirwa 6 tons), LLC Newbio - ne16% yakawanda (kana 832,0 matani) , Kabardinsky Starch Plant LLC - 10% yakawanda (kana 23 matani).
Kuderera kwakawanda kwekutengesa kunze uye kunze kwenyika
Kana ari mashandiro eexport-import, adzikira zvakanyanya. Kutengwa kunze kwenyika kwehuwandu hwechibage, gorosi nemasitashi embatatisi kwakadzikira ne40%, uye kunze kwenyika ne23%. Kazhinji, izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa nekutamiswa kwevanotora kunze kwenyika nevatambi venzvimbo uye kukwira kwemitengo yezvinhu kana uchiendesa kunze zvinhu.
Musika wekugadziridzwa starches unoramba uchiyevedza
Muchikamu chemashizha akagadziridzwa, pane kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwe12%, iyo mumutauro wenyama yakasvika matani 47. Panguva imwecheteyo, kutengeswa kwemashizha akachinjwa akawedzera ne152,6%, anosvika 16 matani, uye kunze kwenyika "yakadonha" ne34%, inongosvika 967,9 matani chete.
Musika wacho unoramba uchikwezva kune inivhesiti. "Mamwe makambani haavake magadzirirwo ekugadzira kubva pakutanga, achipfuura kugadzirwa kwezviyo kuita starch, asi kutenga starch yemuno kubva kune vaanoshanda navo mumusangano uye vagadzirise. Izvi ndizvo, semuenzaniso, izvo Perm kambani Khimprom LLC, iyo yakabatana neSangano gore rino, inoita, pamwe neAlbion LLC mudunhu reRyazan. Nekudaro, isu tinogona kufunga kuti musika wepamusha wekugadziridzwa wakakura makumi maviri muzana pane huwandu hwepamutemo hunotiratidza. Asi usakanganwa kuti musika wakakamurwa zvakanyanya", anodaro Oleg Radin, purezidhendi wesangano.
Muchikamu chezvigadzirwa zveshuga starch, pane kuwedzera kuduku kwe starch syrup (glucose syrups) uye glucose-fructose syrups (GFS), iyo yaisvika 3,0% uye 1,0% chete, maererano. Munguva yekuzivisa kwegore razvino, 240 matani eglucose syrups akagadzirwa.Huwandu hwekugadzirwa kweGFS hwakasvika matani 863,7.Zvisinei, muchikamu cheglucose syrups, kugadzirwa kwakawedzera neRustark LLC ne142% (yakagadzirwa 438,8 tons). LLC " Newbio yakawedzera kugadzirwa kakapetwa katanhatu, ichigadzira 35 matani mumwedzi mitanhatu ye23, nokudaro ichizadza migove yemakambani muCentral Federal District iyo yakaderedza kugadzirwa.
Muchikamu cheGFS, kukura kukuru (11%) kwakaonekwa chete neCargill LLC, iyo yakabudisa matani 62 eglucose-fructose syrups yemhando dzakasiyana dzekutapira. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakonzerwa nekubva kwevatambi vepasi rose, vagadziri vezvinwiwa zvinwiwa, avo vakafarira beet shuga. "Isu tinoona kuti zvaunofarira zviri kuchinja nekuda kwemasyrups seimwe nzira yekuisa shuga yemvura. Nekudaro, kune vazhinji vatengi, GFS ichiri "isina basa" chigadzirwa. Chimwe chinogadzirisa mutengo weshuga", anodaro Oleg Radin.
Glucose syrups - kukura kwekutengesa kunze kwenyika
Kupinzwa kunze kwemasyrup panguva yekutaura kwakaderedzwa kusvika "zero". Kutengeswa kwemasyrups eglucose kune dzimwe nyika kwakawedzera ne59%, kunosvika matani 4 269,1. Pakati penyika huru dziri kutengwa kunze kwenyika iTurkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, neRepublic of Moldova.
Maltodextrin yakabudiswa yaiva 15% yakaderera pane nguva inowirirana gore rapera, iyo yakasvika matani 24 592. Zvinofadza kuziva kuti muhafu yegore, Rustark LLC yakawedzera mavhoriyamu ekugadzira kusvika ku10 (224% zvimwe), uye Newbio LLC yakaderedzwa. chikamu chayo chekugadzirwa kusvika ku46 matani (14% zvishoma), kuchinja kune glucose syrups. Panguva imwecheteyo, hafu yeRustark vhoriyamu yekugadzira yakagadzirwa neyakacheneswa maltodextrin pasi peMultyDex brand.
Iyo nguva yazvino inogona kuratidzwa nekudzikira mune zvese kunze kwenyika uye kunze kwenyika kwe maltodextrins. Yekutanga yakadzikira ne9%, inosvika 1 matani, yechipiri - ne809,3%, inokwana matani 24 4. Pakati penyika huru dzinotenga kunze kwenyika iTurkey, Uzbekistan, Colombia, Israel nePoland.
L-lysine sulfate yakabudisa matani 61, ayo anofananidzwa nehuwandu hwekugadzirwa kwegore rapfuura. Panguva imwe cheteyo, kutengwa kunze kwenyika kwakadzikira zvakanyanya (097,0% zvishoma), kuita matani 76 10. Mabhizinesi muRussia neBelarus akapotsa azadzisa zvaaida zvepamba zveamino acid iyi.
Mapuroteni emiti ndiye mutungamiri wekutengesa kunze kwenyika
Kugadzirwa kwemapuroteni ezvirimwa akadai segorosi gluten uye corn gluten muhafu yekutanga ye2023 yakasvika 42 matani uye 543,0 matani, zvichiteerana.
Kutengeswa kunze kwegorosi gluten (gluten) kunoramba kuchikwira (67% yehuwandu hwekugadzirwa muRussia) - 28 matani gore rino, sezvo misika yevatengi vepamba haina kunyatsogadzirwa. Chikamu chikuru chekutengesa gluten kunze kwenyika chakabva kunyika dzakaita seNorway, USA neTurkey. Iwe unogona zvakare kuratidza Brazil, Israel uye Republic of Korea. Chigadzirwa chacho chinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kuitira kugadzira chikafu chehove nemhuka dzinogadzira chikafu.
Chikamu chechibage che gluten chinotaridzika zvakasiyana. Mumwedzi mitanhatu yekutanga ye2023, 6 matani akaunzwa kunze (033,3% zvimwe) kune huwandu hwemusika wepamba. Nyika huru dziri kutengesa kunze dzinosanganisira China, Netherlands neSlovakia. Chikamu chinoramba chichienderana nekutenga-kune chikamu nekuda kwekuti chibage che gluten chinobva kune-chigadzirwa chekugadzirisa zviyo zvakadzika, izvo zvisingasviki 22% apo starch uye zvinobva zvayo zvakaparadzaniswa.
Zvigadzirwa zvinovimbisa zvekugara muRussia
Mukuwedzera, huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvezviyo zvakagadzirwa zvakanyanya hazvisati zvagadzirwa muRussia. Nekudaro, maererano netsika data, pane kudiwa kwavo pamusika wepamba. Naizvozvo, izvi zvinongedzo zvinogoneka kufarira kune nzvimbo yekugadzirwa. Somuenzaniso, zvakadai se:
- Crystalline fructose (makemikari akachena) - anenge 2023 matani akatengeswa kunze kwehafu yekutanga ye3;
- Mapuroteni anowedzera (mapuroteni emiriwo muzvokudya), kunze kwezviyo uye gorosi gluten, - anenge matani 3 akatengeswa kunze kwenyika;
- Mapuroteni akaparadzana (mapuroteni emiriwo eindasitiri yezvokudya) - matani 6 akatengeswa kunze kwenyika;
- Organic acids (acetic, lactic, citric) muhuwandu hwe43 matani akatengeswa kunze kwenyika;
- Polylactide (biodegradable packaging material) - 165,4 matani akatengeswa kunze kwenyika;
- Enzyme gadziriro (yekushandiswa muindasitiri yezvekudya, kusanganisira iyo hydrolysis ye starch, kugadzirwa kweglucose syrups) - anenge 6 matani.
«Kune huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nemabhizinesi eRussia, asi kugona kwavo hakuna kukwana kuvhara zvinodiwa zvemumba. Pakati pezvinhu zvinokwezva zvekudyara zvakakosha kujekesa: dextrose (glucose monohydrate) uye sorbitol (inotapira) - inogadzirwa muRussian Federation nebhizinesi rimwe chete, zvisinei, kutengeswa kwe, semuenzaniso, sorbitol yakasvika 3 matani.", anodaro Oleg Radin, Mutungamiriri weSangano reAdvanced Grain Processing Enterprises.