Pasina kupokana, musoro wenyaya wezhizha we2018 yaive sarudzo yeEurasian Economic Commission yekumisikidza kurwisa-kurasa mabasa kune vanoverengeka vevagadziri vemushonga kubva kuEurope.
Izvo zvinofungidzirwa kuti vagadziri veEuropean herbicide vachabhadhara mari yakasarudzika kubva pa28% kusvika 52% yeiyo tsika yakakosha yechigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe. Iyi sarudzo ichachinja zvakanyanya mamiriro ezvinhu pamusika weRussia wekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa zvemusika.
Iyo yekubhadhara nyaya yakatanga muna Zvita 2016. Ipapo makambani mana kubva kuRussia, Belarus neKazakhstan (Firma Nyamavhuvhu CJSC, Shchelkovo Agrokhim JSC, Nyamavhuvhu-Bel CJSC naAstana-Nan LLP) vakakwidza nyaya kuEurasian Economic Union nechishuwo chekuita ongororo yekurasa marara. Makambani aya akataura kuti vamwe vavo vekuEurope vaiunza mishonga yesora munyika dzeEEEU (Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan neArmenia) nemitengo yakaderera. Uye izvi zvinokonzeresa kukuvara kwakanyanya kune vagadziri vemuno.
Kuongorora kwacho kwakatora rinenge gore nehafu. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo Eurasian Economic Commission yakatsigira chinzvimbo chevanonyorera uye yakaita sarudzo yekumisikidza kurwisa-kurasa mabasa kwenguva yemakore mashanu kubva muna Chikumi 30. Huwandu hwemutero hwakagadzwa sechiyero chemutengo wetsika wemishonga yesora.
Mumutongo wayo, iyo Eurasian Economic Commission yakaratidzawo runyorwa rwemhando dzemushonga uyo basa rekurwisa-kurasa risingazounzwe:
- mishonga yesora ine chinhu chimwe chete chinoshanda penoxulam pama molecular concentration ye25 g / l;
- mishonga yesora ine chinhu chimwe chete chinoshanda azimsulfuron pamorekisheni mazana mashanu g / kg;
- mishonga inouraya mishonga ine chinhu chinoshanda cyhalofop-butyl pane imwe mamorekuru ekumanikidza e100 g / l uye chinhu chinoshanda penoxulam pane molekyamu ye13,33 g / l.
Masvomhu uye zvirevo
Vagadziri veHerbicide vanobva kuRussia, Belarus neKazakhstan vakatsanangura danho ravo nekurasikirwa nehupfumi. Akachipa emamwe mishonga yekuuraya sora yakatungamira kuchokwadi kuti mugore ra2015 zvigadzirwa zvemumba zvakaderedza mugove wavo wemusika, kuderera kwekugadzirwa, makambani akarasikirwa purofiti uye akamanikidzwa kucheka mabasa kumabhizinesi avo. Uye muna 2016, mabhizimusi epamba akamanikidzwa kudzikisa mitengo yezvinodhaka ne12% kuti vakwikwidze nemishonga isingadhuri yeEurope.
Vanyoreri vakadhonzera kune chimwe chiitiko chakakosha: pamutengo unodhura, vekuEuropean navo-vakwikwidzi vakatengesa zvinodhaka zvavo pamusika wenyika dzeEEEU Mumisika yavo, mishonga imwe chete iyi inodhura zvakapetwa katatu paavhareji. Chii chiri chikonzero cheichi chisina kumboitika rupo kune veRussia varimi vekurima?
Vladimir Alginin, Executive Director weRussia Union yeVagadziri veMakemikari Ekudzivirira Zvigadzirwa:
- Kuongorora kwakazvimirira kwakaitwa neane masimba anokwanisa (EEC) kwakaratidza kuti, nekuda kwekusaenzana kwakanyanya mumitengo, indasitiri yeEEEU yakatambura zvakanyanya. Musiyano wemitengo pamusika wepakati weEurope uye musika weEEEU wasvika 300%. Mukubatana nemutengo wakasimba wakadai kubva kuvanogadzira vekuEurope, pakanga paine kuderera kwakarongeka muchikamu chevagadziri veEEEU mukushandisa kunooneka (uye kuwedzera kwechikamu chevagadziri veEuropean), izvo zvakakanganisa zvakanyanya mashandiro ehupfumi muindasitiri uye nekuenderera mberi kwayo.
Vagadziri veEuropean havatenderane zvizere nemhedzisiro yekuferefeta, vachipokana chinzvimbo chavo nekushomeka kwemari yemutengo, chikonzero chekudzikisira kwerussian ruble, kuunzwa kwemishonga yesora kubva kuChina uye zvimwe zvikonzero. Anton Pushkarev, Musoro weKutaurirana, Syngenta LLC mune yake tsananguro yepepanhau "Dziviriro Yezvirimwa" yakati:
- Hatione chikonzero chekuzivisa basa rinorwisa-kurasa mishonga yekuuraya sora kubva kuEU. Chirevo pamusoro pemhedzisiro yekuferefeta chinoratidza pachena kuti panguva yekuferefeta (2013 - 2016) pakange pasina kukuvara kwezvinhu kune vagadziri veRussia - JSC Shchelkovo Agrokhim uye CJSC Firm Nyamavhuvhu - kwete. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuiswa kweanorwisa-kurasa basa kunogona kukanganisa kukwikwidza kweindasitiri yekurima yeRussia.
Zvakangodaro, sarudzo yakaitwa. Mubvunzo mukuru ndewekuti chii chichaitika zvinotevera.
Zvese zvichaitika muna Nyamavhuvhu. Kana kwete?
Sekureva kweimwe yeshanduro, idzo nyanzvi dzeindasitiri yekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa indasitiri iri kukurukura, kuitiswa kwesarudzo yakagamuchirwa kunogona kumbosendekwa kwenguva yakati. Izvi zvinoratidzirwa zvisina kunangana nechinzvimbo chebazi rezvekurima reRussia, iro rinotaura nezve mamiriro acho zvishoma uye nekuchenjerera. Pamusangano waChikumi pamusoro pekuunzwa kwekurwisa-kurasa zviyero zvemishonga yekuuraya sora inotengeswa kubva kuEuropean Union ichienda kunharaunda yetsika yeEurasian Economic Union, Gurukota rezvekurima reRussia Dmitry Patrushev yakati:
- Munguva pfupi yapfuura, kwakave nekukumbira kwakawanda kubva kumubatanidzwa wemaindasitiri nemasangano mumunda wekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa kuti vadzidzise kuiswa kwechiyero ichi. Kuti udzivise kuita sarudzo isiri iyo uye mhedzisiro yakaipa, pane chikonzero chekuwedzera kubvunza.
Zviripachena, kubvunzana uye kutaurirana kuri kuenderera, uye mazhinji acho haasati ashambadzirwa. Vagadziri veRussia vanotenda kuti hapana zvikonzero zvakakomba zvekumbomisikidza kuita kwechisarudzo cheEurasian Council
Vladimir Alginin, Executive Director weRussia Union yeVagadziri veMakemikari Dziviriro Zvigadzirwa:
- Kuenderera mberi kubva kuchokwadi chekuti kurasa kukuvara kune indasitiri yeEEEU kwakaratidzirwa nesangano repasi rose - iyo EEC, kugamuchirwa kweye anti-kurasa danho muchimiro chebasa kucharuramiswa uye kuri pamutemo. Zvese zvinonetsa zvevagadziri vekurima venyika dzeEEEU zvine chekuita nekuwedzera kwemitengo yemishonga yesora uye kutsiva kwavo nemagadzirirwo akafanana ekugadzirwa kwemumba zvakatemerwa zvachose. Panyaya iyi, hapana zvimwe zvikonzero zvakakomba zvinotsigira kusatora danho repamutemo iri. Nguva yekuiswa kwemabasa ekurwisa-kurasa anozotambirwa zvichitevera musangano weSupreme Eurasian Economic Council.
Haisi yezve nguva, iri pamusoro pemhedzisiro
Zvichakadaro, vese vatsigiri uye vanopikisa kuunzwa kwemabasa ekurwisa-kurasa vane chokwadi chekuti nyaya hombe haisi nguva yekuitwa kwechisarudzo chakatorwa, asi mhedzisiro yacho. Vaviri vanogadzira mishonga yesora vakatotora matanho ekuzvidzivirira kubva kumabasa ekumanikidza. Syngenta neBASF vakazvipira "kuzvipira kwemutengo": vakavimbisa kupinza kunze kweimwe huwandu hwemushonga uye kuitengesa pamutengo usina kudzika pane wepasi.
Anton Pushkarev, Musoro weKutaurirana, Syngenta LLC:
- Panguva yekuferefetwa kwekurasa marara, hukama hwakajeka uye hwekushanda hwakavapo pakati peSyngenta neEurasian Economic Commission. Nekuda kwekutaurirana, Syngenta yakasaina mutengo wekuzvipira zvichibva pakudiwa kwekuona kusagadziriswa kwehuwandu hwemhando yepamusoro yeEU kune vatengi veEEEU, pamwe nekuvimbisa nguva inoshanduka inoshanduka panguva iyo kuzvipira kwedu mumunda wekugadzirwa kwemuno kuchaitwa.
Kuzvipira kwemutengo kuchatendera Syngenta kuenderera mberi nekutengesa mishonga yekuuraya sora inogadzirwa neEU pamusika weEEEU pamitengo isingakuvadze indasitiri yenyika uye isina mabasa ekurasa-kurasa.
Kuwedzera kwemutengo wemishonga yesora mushure mekuunzwa kwemabasa ekurwisa marara kunoshungurudza musika zvakanyanya. Zviripachena, mitengo yemishonga inotengwa kubva kuEuropean vanotengesa (kunze kweSyngenta neBASF) ichakura nechero huwandu hweanorwisa-kurasa mabasa.
Vanotungamira vagadziri veRussia, kune yavo chikamu, vakapa iyo EAEU nhengo dzenyika kupedzisa zvibvumirano zvekudzivirira kukura zvisina musoro mumitengo yemishonga yesora. Gwaro rakadai ratosainwa neRepublic of Belarus, chibvumirano nedzimwe nyika chiri kupedzwa. Pfungwa iyi iri kukurukurwawo kuti isayine zvibvumirano nemasangano evashandi veRussia ekugadzirisa mitengo yemitengo yemakore mashanu aya nezvimwe zviyero.
Nekudaro, nyanzvi dzemusika dzinotenda kuti kuwedzera kwemitengo yemishonga yesora icharamba ichiitika nekuda kwezvikonzero izvo vagadziri veRussia vasingakwanise kukanganisa. Semuenzaniso, nekuda kwekuti izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira mishonga yesora zvinopihwa kubva kuChina. Mumwedzi mitatu yekutanga ya2018 chete, kugoverwa kwezvinhu zvinoshanda kubva kuChina kwakaderera ne19%, nepo mitengo yakawedzera ne20%. Uye zvakare, kutorwa kwemutemo pamusoro pekuwedzera kweVAT, kuwedzera kwemimwe miripo nemitero kuchakanganisa mutengo wemishonga yekuuraya sora inogadzirwa neRussia.
Dzivirira uye udzivirire
Zvichakadaro, mabasa ekurwisa-kurasa mishonga yesora kunyangwe mune vhezheni yepepa akatokanganisa musika. Uye simba iri rakanyatsojeka. Vagadziri veEuropean vakawedzera kuyedza kwekugadzira kugadzirwa muRussia. Yeuka kuti kunetsekana kweBayer kuri kuzoburitsa 2020% yezvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza zvirimwa zvinotengeswa muRussia na60 (30% chete zviripo parizvino), Syngenta ichawana 2019% yezvigadzirwa zvemushonga na80, DuPont iri kufungawo nezvezvirimwa zvitsva muRussia uye iri kukurukura iyi nyaya ne Bazi rezvekurima.
Zvinotaridza kuti basa rekurasa-kurasa rave kutoshandira zvido zveindasitiri yekudzivirira goho, zvichikurudzira kusimudzira kwekugadzirwa mukati meRussia. Zvikasadaro, indasitiri yekuRussia inodzivirira zvigadzirwa indasitiri haizove neramangwana. Vagadziri vekuEurope havazogaro "vane moyo munyoro" zvakadaro kuvarimi veRussia. Mitengo yavo yakaderera nhasi inyanzvi yechinyakare yekukunda misika yekunze, inotsanangurwa mune chero bhuku rekushambadzira. Kana kugadzirwa kwemumba kukasapona pamutengo wehondo uye ikapunzika, mitengo inogona kukwidziridzwa. Zvirinani kusvika kuEuropean chikamu, ndiko kuti, katatu. Kana zvimwe. Paunomhanya pamusika, unogona kuraira chero mitengo.
Ndokusaka nyika zhinji dzichidzivirira misika yavo nenzira dzakasiyana, kusanganisira nekumisikidza mabasa. Ichokwadi chekuti vagadziri veRussia vezvirimwa zvekudzivirira zvirimwa vakabatana uye vadzivirire zvido zvavo zvine hunyanzvi muenzaniso wakanaka wekuyera nhandare yemakwikwi akanaka
Vladimir Alginin, Executive Director weRussia Union yeVagadziri veMakemikari Ekudzivirira Zvigadzirwa:
- Padivi pevagadziri vekurima, mamiriro ari pamusika wemishonga yesora haachinje zvakanyanya. Vachagoverwa zvizere nemishonga yekumba neyekuEurope. Nekuda kwekuti chikamu chemushonga wemushonga mumutengo wechigadzirwa chekupedzisira hauna basa, kuwedzera kukuru mumitengo yezvigadzirwa hakutarisirwe.
Kune chikamu chevagadziri veEuropean, mutsetse we assortment wemishonga yesora unofungidzirwa kuti ucharamba wakafanana, izvo zvisingatadzise sarudzo yemahara yevatengi.
Iyo anti-kurasa danho kumakambani eEurope chinhu chinokurudzira kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemishonga yesora mumabhizinesi epamba kuburikidza nekubhadhara uye nekuwedzera kwenzvimbo yekugadzira muRussia Federation.
Kune iwo maindasitiri epamba, iyo anti-kurasa danho rinotoburitsa mamiriro emakwikwi mumusika, izvo zvinobva zvabatsira mukuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwemabhizimusi eEEU, kuumbwa kwemabasa matsva, uye kuwedzera kwemitero yemari kubhajeti yematanho akasiyana.
Kuenzana kwemakwikwi mamiriro ekushanda evanogadzira eEuropean neEurasia anovhura mikana mitsva yekushandira pamwe. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemishonga yekuuraya sora mumabhizinesi epamba kuburikidza nekubhadhara, kuwedzera nekukurumidza kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvezvirimwa mudunhu reRussian Federation, tekinoroji yekuchinjisa uye kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva zvevagadziri vekurima, kutsvagisa pamwe nekuvandudza zvirongwa. Vagadziri veRussia zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza miti vakagadzirira kukurukura nzira uye chimiro chekudyidzana kwakadaro nemakambani ese anofarira Larisa Yuzhaninova.
Source: https://www.agroxxi.ru