Vladimir Groshev, Mumiriri weAgricultural Sayenzi,
Mhoro Nature director
(Italpollina S.p.A.) muRussia uye CIS
Organomineral rutsigiro rwekukura kune hutano
Haisi chakavanzika kuti chero chirimwa ichiramba chakasimba uye chine hutano, "yakanyanya kuomarara" kune akawanda anokuvadza microorganisms. Kushushikana kwakasiyana-siyana kunotungamira mukuderera kwe turgor, microtraumas, kutsva uye, semhedzisiro, kuwedzera permeability yemiti yezvirimwa kune hutachiona.
Imwe chinetso chinowanzova chikafu chisina kuenzana, apo zvinomera zvinodyiswa nenitrogen fertilizer, asi kwete calcium yakakwana, phosphorus uye potassium, izvo zvinodiwa kusimbisa masero emagetsi.
Mhedzisiro yezvikonzero zvisina kunaka inogona kuderedzwa nekugara uchiisa gadziriro ne peptides uye amino acids, izvo zvinowedzera kutorwa kwezvikafu nekota, kuwedzera kubereka.
Kudyara peptides uye amino acids zvakagadzirirwa-zvakagadzirwa zvekuvakisa zvechirimwa tishu; kuiswa kwavo muchikamu chekugadzira chirimwa kunomutsa kushanda kwakakwana uye kunovimbisa kuunganidzwa kwezvinovaka muviri munhengo dzinobereka, nekudaro zvichikanganisa kunaka uye huwandu hwechirimwa.
Semaonero edu, gadziriro dzakanakisisa dze100% peptides yemiti uye amino acids ndiwo mushonga unotozivikanwa nekushanda kwawo kwakanyanya. KUSVIRA (1,5-3 l/ha) uye yazvino inonyungudika mvura AQUAMIN (0,5-2 kg/ha), iyo ine 62-66% yepeptides uye amino acids, zvisati zvamboitika kune chirimwa hydrolysates.
Mukubatana nemishonga iyi, zvimwe zvigadzirwa zviviri kubva kuHello Nature range zvinogona kushandiswa kudzivirira kushanda uye kutonga kwekukura kwechirwere. Mushonga PHOSPHITE-1 (2-3 l/ha) nekuda kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwe potassium phosphite, inokonzera kushandiswa kwe phytoalexins - makemikari anoshanda zvikuru anononoka kukura kwehutachiona, kudzivirira kuumbwa kwespores, uye kukanganisa maitiro emagetsi epathogenic microorganisms. Kuwanda kwefoni phosphorus uye potassium kunopa kukora kwemadziro emasero uye ekunze matishu, inova inobudirira chipingamupinyi chemuviri kupinda kwehutachiona.
Muchiitiko chekubuda kwechirwere, chiyero chinoshanda zvakanyanya kurwisa hutachiona hwakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira kunonoka blight, powdery mildew, nemhando dzakasiyana dzekuora, ndeye copper-containing contact-systemic gadziriro. SKUDO (1,5-2,5 l/ha). Ichi chigadzirwa chakatenderwa kuti chishandiswe mukurima organic uye hachina nguva yekumirira, izvo zvakakosha kana kurapwa kuchidikanwa muchikamu chekupedzisira chemwaka wekukura.
Kuchinjanisa mishonga yese iri miviri kunobatsira kuchengetedza hutano hwezvirimwa pamutengo wakaderera, kudzivirira kubva kune hutachiona hunopinda, kusimbisa hutano hwezvirimwa kubva mukati, uye zvakare kudzivirira kukura kwezvirwere.
Inishuwarenzi yeMicrobiological kuchengetedza goho
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwakanyanya kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuchengetedza zvirimwa zvemakemikari, zvinowanzoshandiswa zvisina tsarukano uye zvisingadzoreki, zvinhu zvinokuvadza izvo zvinotungamirwa zvinokura kuramba, i.e. kuramba kwehuwandu hwehutachiona hwepathogenic kuzvinhu izvo zvaimbovauraya kwavari. Panguva imwecheteyo, apo kurapwa kwemakemikari kunoitwa, zvipenyu zvinobatsira zvakagara munzvimbo yakapiwa kana ivhu kusati kwauya michina yakanyanyisa, asi haina kurwisana nemigumisiro ine chepfu, inotamburawo. Nekudaro, munzvimbo zhinji dzekurima, nzvimbo dzinoonekwa dzine hutachiona hunokuvadza uye hunokanganisa nekushomeka uye kushoma kuwanikwa kwefungicidal gadziriro, iyo inowedzera matambudziko mukuchengetedza chirimwa uye inowedzera mutengo wemasangano ekurima pakugadzira zvirimwa zvemuriwo.
Mhinduro kudambudziko rekuchengetedza zvirimwa zvemiriwo kubva mukukuvadzwa nehosha huru yefungal uye mabhakitiriya, semaonero edu, inogona kunge yakaenzana yakaenzana hutsinye hwemicrobiota - trichoderma, inokwanisa kukwikwidzana nemhoteredzo yezvirwere zvinopikisa pasina kushandisa kemikari fungicides.
Trichoderma imhando yefungi inowanikwa muvhu rose. Mhando dzakawanda dzejenasi iyi mycoparasites, i.e. dzinoita seyakasikwa biocontrol agents kurwisa hosha dzakawanda dzezvirimwa zvinotakura ivhu (Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora, Sclerotinia, Alternaria).
Trichoderma atroviride ndeimwe yeakanakisa kukwikwidza kuti ashandiswe mune yakabatanidzwa chirimwa chekudzivirira system zvirongwa. Iyi yakasiyana-siyana yeTrichoderma ndiyo inonyanya hutsinye kune hutachiona uye panguva imwechete inoshivirira kune mamiriro ekunze asina kunaka, inopa synthesis yeauxins nezvimwe zvinhu zvinokurudzira kukura, uye zvakare inosimudzira kuunzwa kwe mycorrhiza uye haivharidzi kuvandudzwa kwehutachiona hunobatsira.
Mhoro Nature ine zvigadzirwa zvakati wandei mune yayo assortment zvinosanganisira yakanyanya kushanda dhizaini Trichoderma atroviride muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana uye musanganiswa ne mycorrhiza kana mabhakitiriya anobatsira. Muchikamu chino tichatarisa pane trichodermal kugadzirira TIFI. Ihupfu inonyungudika mumvura ine 2 x 108 CFU/g T. atroviride, inokurudzirwa kuti iberekese (1-2 kg/ha) uye mushonga wekupfapfaidza (0,5-1 kg/ha).
Munguva ye2019-21, mumapurazi akati wandei takaita bvunzo dzekugadzira yeTIFI mushonga pazvirimwa zvakasiyana siyana zvemuriwo nemichero. Kunyanya, muna 2019, mudunhu reGorodishchensky mudunhu reVolgograd, muyedzo wakaitwa pakudyara hanyanisi nekushandisa kumwe chete kweTIFI pachiyero che1 kg/ha kuburikidza nefertigation tichienzanisa nekutonga kwehupfumi (Benazol SP, 6. kg/ha) muchikamu chemashizha matatu. Zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekuyedza, mamwe ese ma paramita emagetsi ekupa uye ekudzivirira wedunhu aive akafanana.
Zviyero zvenguva pfupi zvakaratidza kuti sarudzo yeTIFI yakanga ine simba rinoshanda pakuumbwa kwemidzi ine simba uye mashizha masisitimu, izvo zvakapa kuwedzera kwegoho ne11 t/ha zvichienzaniswa nesarudzo yehupfumi (goho pamunda rakakwira kusvika ku104 t/ha. ) Pamusoro pezvo, chirongwa cheTIFI chaive nedanho rakafanana rekudzivirira hanyanisi kubva kufusarium sezviri mumisiyano paishandiswa makemikari ekudzivirira chirimwa. Uye zvakare, chirimwa chine sarudzo yekushandisa TIFI yakave yakanyanya kupikisa (mhedzisiro yebasa rakakosha reTrichoderma mumudziyo wemudzi) kune kuratidzwa kwekuora kunomuka panguva yekuchengetedza.
Tsvagiridzo yakasimbisa zvakare kuti kuwedzera TIFI Kuburikidza nekuvirisa uye nekurapa kwakawanda kwekudyara mwedzi 1-2 isati yakohwewa, inova nechokwadi chekuwanda kweTrichoderma spores pamudzi wehuro kana midzi yezvirimwa isati yachengeta chirimwa mudura, izvo zvinobatsira kuderedza kurasikirwa kwekuchengetera uye kuwana hupfumi hwakanyanya kubva kune zvakakohwewa. chirimwa.