Musi wa26 Gumiguru muMoscow, paChikoro Chepamusoro cheEconomics, pakaitwa tafura yedenderedzwa yaiva nomusoro unoti: “Tarisiro yemusika webiological chirimwa chekudzivirira zvigadzirwa uye mafetireza muRussian Federation" Musangano wacho wakaitwa naEvgenia Serova, chipangamazano mukuru kumutungamiriri weUN FAO International Investment Center, purofesa, mukuru wedhipatimendi rehupfumi hwekurima paNational Research University Higher School of Economics. Tafura yakatenderedza yakapindwa nevamiriri venharaunda yesainzi uye vashandi vemakambani makuru agrotechnical pamusika weRussia. Musoro mukuru wemusangano uyu waive nhaurirano yekuvandudzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro muchikamu chezvekurima, pamwe nekudiwa kwekuzivisa maitiro epamusoro kubva kusainzi dzine chekuita nekusimudzira nzvimbo iyi.
Nadezhda Orlova, mukuru wedhipatimendi reEconomics of Innovation mune agro-industrial complex yeInstitute of Agrarian Research yeNational Research University Higher School of Economics, akadaro.: «Kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu ezvirango zvinoramba zvichiitika, musika wekurima weRussia unoratidza mhedzisiro yakanaka uye kuramba uchikura mukutengesa kunze kwezvigadzirwa zvezvirimwa, izvo zvinopesvedzera kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji muRussia agro-industrial complex." Muitiro mukuru mukurima kwemazuva ano kufambira mberi pamharadzano yechikamu chekurima uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzetekinoroji, dzakadai se: genetics, IT, artificial intelligence, marobhoti, nezvimwewo , kuvandudzwa kwehupenyu uye kurwisana nezvirwere, kuvandudza hutano hwezvigadzirwa zvakakura. "Parizvino, biological plant protection products (BPPPs) inongotora 10-12% chete yemusika wese webiotechnological mhinduro muRussia, zvisinei, maererano nekukura uye kugona kunze kwenyika, ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikamu zvakakosha."- akawedzera Nadezhda Orlova.
Mumushumo wake wekusuma akataura nezve kupatsanurwa uye chinangwa chebioproducts Olga Maksimova, Musoro weBiological Products uye Plant Nutrition kuSyngenta: «Kambani yedu inosiyanisa mapoka matatu ebioproducts, zvichienderana nechinangwa chekushandisa kwavo. Yokutanga ndeye biostimulants. Isu tinosanganisira chikafu chakakosha muboka rechipiri - aya mafetireza anonyungudika nemvura, micro- uye mesoelements. Chikamu chechitatu ndeye biological control zvigadzirwa: biofungicides, bioinsecticides uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakavakirwa pane biomaterials inodzora biological kusagadzikana muchimiro chezvirwere zvezvirimwa zvakasiyana." Sekureva kwenyanzvi, zvigadzirwa zvebhayoroji hazvigone kutsiva zvachose zvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira chirimwa: kubatanidzwa kwenzira mbiri dzekudzivirira kunodiwa kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakawedzera. Kushandisa nzira yakabatanidzwa kunobatsira kuchengetedza kusvika 72% yezvinogoneka zvechirimwa.
«Chinhu chikuru chebiological nzira dzekudzivirira ndechekuti dzinogona kushanda munzvimbo idzo makemikari haashande, - yakasimbiswa Pavel Mezentsev, mukuru webazi reMoscow reSibbiopharm. - Semuenzaniso, kambani yedu ine chigadzirwa chekurwisa marariya inokonzerwa neumhutu. Nekuda kweizvi, kuzhinji kwekugadziriswa kunoitika pedyo nemitumbi yemvura, uko zvigadzirwa zvebiological zvinonyanya kushanda uye zvakachengeteka kune zvakatipoteredza. Saka, biotechnology inzira yekukurumidzira yekugadzirisa matambudziko mune dzimwe niches dzisina kuvharwa nenzira yechinyakare, kutsvaga kunova iro basa guru re microbiologists.".
Yakaenderera mberi nenhaurirano pamusoro pebudiriro Vakhtang Javakhia, mukuru weboka rebiotechnology ye physiologically inoshanda zvinhu yeFederal Research Center yeBiotechnology yeRussia Academy yeSainzi. Mukurukuri akataura zvakadzama nezvebasa ririkuitwa nesangano resainzi reRussia richitungamira mabioproducts uye akataura danho ravo rakakosha: “Nhasi isu takatarisana nekuvandudzwa kwebioproducts, asi tinoona kuenderera mberi kwavo kwete mukutsiva makemikari ekudzivirira nzira, asi mukugadzira symbiosis mukushandiswa kwavo. Nekudaro, biodevelopments yedu, kana yakashandiswa nemakemikari ejenti, inoazadzisa uye inotibvumira kudzikisa huwandu hwemakemikari anoshandiswa, ayo anotibvumira kushandisa yepamusoro inorganic nzira dzekudzivirira, asi zvakare kudzokera kune yekare uye yekare inorganic nzira dzekudzivirira, iyo inoderedza zvakanyanya. mari yekurapa chirimwa" Iye zvino zvigadzirwa zvehupenyu zveRussia Academy yeSainzi zvakabudirira kupasa bvunzo dzese dzerabhoritari uye zvakatanga kushandiswa mune mamwe mapurazi. "Iye zvino tine zvirongwa zvekuongorora zvidzidzo zve laboratori nemhando dzakasiyana dzemiti uye ivhu, kusanganisira pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu anonyanya kunetsa, izvo zvinogona kuratidza kwatiri kushanda kwemishonga yedu chete, asiwo nzira yakasarudzwa," akadaro musayendisiti.
Zvadaro, nyanzvi dzakaenderera mberi kune hurukuro inoshanda yezvinetso zvinokanganisa kusikwa uye kushandiswa kwevashandi vekudzivirira biological muRussia. Mumwe wavo, maererano Sachigaro weBhodi reVatungamiriri vePA Sibiopharm Alexander Krichevsky, kune kushomeka kukuru kwevashandi. "Iyo yakakwirira tekinoroji yezvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira, zvakanyanya kukomba izvo zvinodiwa kune agronomists vanobatanidzwa mukuchengetedza chirimwa. Nhasi muRussia kudzidziswa uye kupedza kudzidza kwevanyanzvi vane hunyanzvi kwakapera. Kudzidziswa kwevanyanzvi vane hunyanzvi nekudzidzira kwavo mune inotungamira kurima munyika kwakakosha zvakanyanya.", akadaro Alexander Nikolaevich.
Akataura zvakadzama nezvenyaya iyi Stanislav Aleynik, rector weBelgorod State Agrarian University: “Yunivhesiti ikozvino yakatarisana nekushanda nevamiriri vebhizinesi kuti vatange budiriro yega yega uye nemikana yekuti vadzidzi vaedze ruzivo rwavo mukuita. Zvakare mukati mechimiro cheYunivhesiti pane kuyerwa kwedhipatimendi renzvimbo yesainzi uye inoshanda. Munzvimbo ino, kwemakore makumi matatu, pave paine zviteshi zveminda zvitanhatu, izvo zvinopa matekinoroji ese ekutanga ekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa anoshandiswa mukuita kwenyika yemazuva ano, izvo zvinotibvumira kuongorora zvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira chirimwa, kusanganisira zvipenyu.".
Dambudziko rinotevera rakasimbiswa Tatyana Shulga, maneja wekusimudzira uye wekutsvagisa, Uralchem-Innovations. Maererano nemukurukuri, kuiswa kwebiological nzira dzekudzivirira zvakananga zvinoenderana nezvikumbiro zvevanhu. "Munyika yanhasi, iko kudiwa kwevatengi vekupedzisira kunotaridza kuvandudzwa kwebioproducts. Kushandiswa kweBSPPs pachayo kunodhura kumakambani ekurima, saka kushandiswa kwavo kuri kuita mukurumbira munyika dziya uko huwandu hwevanhu hune kudiwa kwakanyanya kwezvigadzirwa zvine mazita akakodzera. Naizvozvo, iko zvino misika yenyika dzine hupenyu hwepamusoro yave kuve yakanyanya kukoshesa kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kweBioproducts."- akawedzera Tatyana Nikolaevna.
Ndakabvumirana nemafungiro emumiririri wekambani yeUralchem Alexey Temichev, Mutevedzeri Mukuru weCentre for Selection uye Primary Mbeu Kugadzirwa kweEkoNiva-Semena LLC. Mukurukuri wacho akati: “Vazhinji vevanhu vanofarira kudya zvigadzirwa zvinodzivirirwa biologically vari mumaguta makuru. Mumusika wepamba, kudiwa kweiyo bioprotection tekinoroji kunogadzirwa nekurima kunobata kushanda netiweki hombe dzema megacities, mamirioni-pamwe nemaguta kana kusangana kwemadhorobha.".
Ndakatsigirawo pfungwa dzaTatyana Shulga pane zvekutengesa kunze Mutungamiriri weNVP "BashInkom" Vyacheslav Kuznetsov. Sekureva kwake, kambani parizvino yakatarisana nekutengesa kunze kwenyika kune nyika dzeCIS, nekuti ndipo panoonekwa matambudziko akasiyana anoda kuvandudzwa kwemhando dzedziviriro, izvo zvinogadzira niche yakavhurika yevagadziri vezvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira zvipenyu uye nekushingaira kubvumira. kusimudzira kwete chete mumisika yekunze kwenyika, asiwo mukati meRussia.
"Kuti kusimudzira uye kuita kwakasimba kushandiswa kwebioproducts, mamiriro akakodzera anodiwa angabatsira kusimukira kwenzvimbo iyi," akadaro. Alexander Kerzhner, Mutevedzeri Mukuru Mukuru weKuvandudza, Agroferment. -Kugadzira aya mamiriro, kutsigirwa kubva kuhurumende kunodiwa. Chekutanga, izvi zvinogona kuitwa nerubatsiro rwehurumende inoda maturusi ekugadzira. Chechipiri, kuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo iyi yekudzivirira kunoda rubatsiro rwemari nenzira yerubatsiro rwebasa rekutsvagisa. "
Nyaya yekushaikwa kwerubatsiro rwebudiriro yakasimudzwawo Alexey Temichev. Vati nhasi uno rubatsiro rwebiotechnologies muchikamu chezvekurima rwuri padanho rimwe chete nerwese zvekurima izvo zvinononotsa kusimukira kwenzvimbo iyi.
Munguva yenhaurirano, vatauri vakasvika pamhedziso yakajairika yekuti kunyangwe kuvepo kwehuwandu hwezvinetso zvehurongwa izvo zvinokanganisa kuvandudzwa kwebioproducts, nzvimbo iyi ichiri imwe yezvinonyanya kukosha uye ichivimbisa kuenderera mberi kweiyo agro-industrial complex. . Kuti uwane mibairo mikuru, tsinhano yenguva dzose yemaitiro akanaka pakati penharaunda yesainzi nevamiriri vebhizinesi inodiwa.