Nzira yekuwedzera sei kumera kwembeu idzo "dzakarara" munguva yechando yekuchengetera nguva yechando uye dziri mune yakasimudzwa mifananidzo? Chelyabinsk masayendisiti akawana nzira yekubuda nayo: zvinoitika kuti ozonation yembeu yezvinhu inoidzosa kuhupenyu, inopa simba mukukura.
Asi iyi haisi yega yekuwedzera. Sezvakazoitika, ozone, iyo ine simba rakakura kwazvo rekusanganisa kupfuura shamwari yayo oxygen, zvakare "inoporesa" hosha dzezvirimwa. Uye hapana chemistry, chete nekuda kwechisikirwo-senge nzira dzakachengeteka!
Ruzivo-rwuchangobva kuburitswa paUral Munda Zuva rakaitirwa munzvimbo yeChebarkul rakamutsa kufarira kukuru. Chii chingapa izvi kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, ndeapi mikana yaanovhura kuti awedzere kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa zvekurima? Uye zvinokanganisa sei mhando yezvigadzirwa, hutano hwevanhu? Iyi ndiyo hurukuro yedu nemumwe wevatangi vezoni tekinoroji, Chiremba weTechnical Sayenzi Andrei Bogdanov, mukuru weDhipatimendi reZvekurima Zvigadzirwa Kugadziriswa uye Hupenyu Kuchengetedzwa, South Ural State Agrarian University.
Simba rekukura - Maitiro ako akasiyana papi neechinyakare tekinoroji yekugadzirira matekinoroji?
- Zvirimwa zvekudyara zvakaita seSmut, ngura, kuora kweembatatisi, zvinowanzo kukonzera kukuvara kwakakomba kwembesa. Zvirwere zvembeu nezvipembenene zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kukuru. Yekupfekedza mbeu, kuitira kuti utachiona kubva kubhakitiriya, zvipembenene zvinokuvadza, mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka inowanzo shandiswa. Asi izvi zvinogona kukuvadza ivhu, zvirimwa pachezvazvo, umo izvi zvinhu, zvisina kuchengetedzeka kune hutano, zvinochengetwa, kunyangwe zvidiki zvidiki.
Pamusoro peiyo nzira yemakemikari yekurapa mbeu, iyo agro-indasitiri yakaoma inoshandisawo ehupenyu: zvipembenene-entomophages zvinoparadza tupukanana. Asi dzinofanirwa kutengwa kunze kwenyika, uye izvi zvinodhura kwazvo. Yedu ozone tekinoroji inodhura, yakachengeteka uye inodzivirira nharaunda. Ozone haikuvadze zvisikwa, inokurumidza kuora kuita mamorekuru eoksijeni. Zvakare, maitiro acho anoitika mukamuri yakavharika ine yakadzika ozone yekumanikidza - inosvika 10 mg pa cubic mita.
- Ichokwadi here kuti ozone inokurudzirawo kumera kwezvirimwa?
- Izvi zvinoratidzwa nezvakabuda mukuyedzwa kwedu. Yekumera mwero inowedzera kusvika ku35%! Icho chokwadi ndechekuti mbeu dzimwe nguva dzinochengeterwa kwenguva yakareba mudura rezviyo uye, sezvakange zvakaita, "dzinoenda kuhibernation". Maitiro ekuvafadza, kumutsa hutano? Zvakazoitika kuti ozone yakanyatsokodzera izvi.
Izvo zvirinani kupfuura chero kemesitiri, yekugadzira yekukura inosimudzira, inokonzeresa yekumutsa mashandiro! Takadzidza nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekurapa mbeu - kurapwa ne ultraviolet, laser, electromagnetic radiation - ndokugara paozone.
Uku kutsvagisa kunoitwa naanobatanidza purofesa wedhipatimendi redu Svetlana Popova, uye mudzidzi wekupedza kudzidza Viktoria Evchenko pamusoro wenyaya weozonation akamugadzirira Ph.D. thesis.
Isu tatoisa chikumbiro patent uye tiri kuronga kudzokorora tekinoroji iyi padanho redunhu nenyika.
Ozone "musimbi"
- Asi izvi zvinoda prototype yemozone muchina ...
- Ari kutoshanda. Zvinoenderana nemadhirowa edu, Vadim Kolyagin akaita yekumisikidza rabhoritari patinoitisa kuyedza neozonizing mbeu muPetri ndiro.
Isu takagadzira yemasvomhu modhi, nerubatsiro rweExcel, MathCad uye "Compass" zvirongwa, isu takaita macomputer modelling, takatora fomula ye "kumuka kwehupenyu" hwezvirimwa.
Uye zvakazoitika kuti kumera kwembeu kunoenderana nechero ozone uye nguva yekurapwa kwavo.
Kana zvirimo zveozoni zvikapfuura "dosi" yakakwana, pane njodzi yeku "kupisa" mbeu, zvichikonzera kukuvara kusingagadzirisike kwavari. Nekuyedza nzira dzakasiyana dzeozonation, isu takatora "extremum points", umo kumera kwembeu kuri kwakakwirira kwazvo. Zvakare, kune yega tsika inoda kusarudza yayo yehutongi.
- Wakambosangana nematambudziko here panguva yekuyedzwa?
- Mukuisirwa kwedu, ozone inogadzirwa kubva mudenga ichishandisa kubuda kwemagetsi (zvinodhura zvikuru kuiwana nemakemikari). Munguva yekuyedzwa, isu takazvigadzirira pachedu kumagadzirirwo ayo. Semuenzaniso, pakutanga pakanga pasina zvakakwana fan fan, uye ivo vaifanira kuisa imwe, ine simba rakanyanya. Zvakare, chishandiso chekuyera ozone concentration, iyo yakaratidza chete maMPCs akanyanya, yakatsiviwa neSignal-4 gasi yekuongorora, inoongorora mamiriro ese egesi.
- Uye iwe uchasvika riini pachiyero chekugadzira?
- Takaita sampuro yerabhoritari kusvika parizvino, asi kuisa tekinoroji yeozone parukova, tinofanirwa kuvaka chirimwa cheindasitiri. Uye nekuda kwekusimudzira kwaro kunokosha kuti uwane mari hombe, uye isu tinotarisira zvikuru kugamuchira mupiro wehurumende. Asi nhasi, nyika rubatsiro rwekutsvagisa kwesainzi, sekutonga, inopihwa mukati mehurongwa hweveruzhinji-yakazvimirira co-mari, uye isu tiri kutsvaga wekudyidzana naye. Isu tinovimba kuti achatora chikamu chemitengo kuitira kuti avabhadhare gare gare nekuunza budiriro padanho reindasitiri.
Simba re squash
- Ndezvipi zvirimwa iwe watoona kare "ozone bath"?
- Parizvino yakaedzwa chete pa zucchini. Asi mbeu ozonation inogona zvakare kuiswa kune beet, karoti uye mimwe miriwo. Zvinoenderana nezvakagara zvataurwa, ozone ichapa kuwedzera kukuru mugoho, uye ichawedzera kumera kwezviyo. Iko kune zano rekuyedza iri greenhouse floriculture. Tichishandisa iyi hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza, isu tave kugadzirira zvinyorwa zvemagazini esainzi akaverengerwa mudura renyika dzakawanda reScopus.
- Ko zukini ine ozonizoni inokuvadza hutano hwako here?
- Kana bodo! Izvo hazvina kumbosiyana neyakajairika - kana ine ngozi kemesitiri kana genjini mainjiniya.
- Nhasi uno chinetso chembeu ndechimwe chezvinonyanya kurwadza muindasitiri ...
- Pamusoro pemashure-eSoviet makore ekubhadharira mari yesainzi, kusarudzwa kwedu kwave kuda kunyura mukukanganikwa uye chete ikozvino kuri kutanga kumutsidzira. Uye zvakadaro, isu takanyatsopindwa muropa neiyo tsono yembeu yekuMadokero: mbatatisi nemiriwo, kunyanya matomatisi e greenhouse uye magaka, ese zvigadzirwa zve "mhiri kwemakungwa"! Uyezve, ivo vanotitengesera hybrids nemari yakawanda, iyo mumwaka 2-3 inonetesa yavo majini zviwanikwa, uye semomaterial inofanirwa kutengwa kunze kwenyika zvakare. Uye kana akaiswa masanctions? Mune maonero angu, nzira yekubuda iri mukuvandudzwa kwesarudzo yemumba. Izvo zvinokwanisika kuti ozonation yembeu inobatsira kukwidziridza kugadzirwa kwemhando nyowani, nokudaro ichiwedzera simba rekumera, simba rekukura, zvinoreva kuti nguva yekumesa yezvirimwa zvekurima yaderedzwa.
Source: https://www.nsss-russia.ru/