Kurima nekurima pamateru kuri kupedza ivhu remapurazi uye kutyisidzira goho remangwana, chidzidzo chitsva chakaburitswa mujenari Chikafu Chinoshumwa. portal Sciencedaily.com.
Masayendisiti kubva kumaUniversity eLancaster (UK) neAugsburg (Germany) anoti kunze kwekunge varimi vakarega kurima mujinga memakomo, nekufamba kwenguva, ivhu riri mujinga mezvikomo rinogona kuita ritete zvekuti kukura kwezvirimwa zvekudya kunotyisidzirwa zvakanyanya.
Kwemazana emakore, varimi vakarima ivhu muminda yavo kuti vagadzire mibhedha yembeu dzekurima. Magejo echinyakare anodhonzwa nemhuka aimboshandiswa kuita izvi, asi sezvo kurima kwave kurimwa mumakore zana apfuura, kurima kwave kuita matirakita anorema uye anokurumidza.
Kuchengetedza kurima, kunosanganisira kurima, kunozivikanwa nekufambisira mavhu akatenuka uye kuwedzera kukukurwa kunokonzerwa nemamiriro ekunze. Pamateru, kurima kunoita kuti ivhu rifambe mumakomo uye rogara pauriri hwemipata.
Sezvo ivhu riri pamateru rinopera, zvinhu zvinobva pasi pevhu zvinosanganiswa nepamusoro pevhu, zvichideredza kunaka kwekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa nekuda kwekushaikwa kwekudya, biological kuita uye kuderedzwa kwemvura.
Vesainzi vanocherechedza kuti basa rekurima mukuderedza kudzika kwevhu rinoramba riri dambudziko risingazivikanwe pakurimwa kwembesa. Kunyange zvazvo tillage ichizivikanwa kuti inofambisa uwandu hwakakura hwevhu, kazhinji kacho kudarika huwandu hunofambiswa nekukukurwa kwemvura nemhepo, kusvika parizvino zvishoma zvave kuzivikanwa pamusoro pekuti zvinokanganisa goho regoho. Sezvo magetsi etirakita ari kuramba achiwedzera uye kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunowedzera kuwanda kwekusanaya kwemvura, kukanganisa kwekukukurwa kwevhu kubva mukurima pagoho rezvirimwa munzvimbo dzakatenuka kungangonyanya kunetsa munzvimbo zhinji dzepasi.
Vatsvakurudzi vakadzidza gorosi uye chibage zvirimwa zvakarimwa kuchamhembe kweGermany dunhu reUckermark, inova nzvimbo ine michina yakawanda uye ine zvibereko zvekurima muEurope. Vatsvakurudzi vakashandisa ruzivo rwakadhindwa pamusoro pemagumisiro ekurima pagoho uye vakashandisa kugoverazve ivhu uye mhando dzekukura kwembesa kuti vadzidze mhedzisiro yekurima padunhu redunhu.
Izvi zvakaita kuti vaone kana goho rakawana muzvikamu zvenzvimbo yakawana ivhu kubva mukukukurwa kwevhu raipfuura kurasikirwa kwakakonzerwa nekuderera kwevhu pamateru.
Maverengero avo anoratidza kuti nekuchengetedza nzira yakajairwa yekurima kwakatenuka, varimi mudunhu reUckermark vangatarisana nekudzikira kwegoho regorosi rechando rinosvika 7,1% pamakore makumi mashanu uye kusvika 50% muzana muzana (mumakore akajairika uye akaoma. )
Pachibage, vaongorori vanoronga kudzikira kwegoho ne4% mumakore makumi mashanu uye kuderera ne50% mumakore zana (mumakore akajairika uye akaoma).
Migumisiro yekuderera kwevhu ichanyanya kutaurwa panguva yekusanaya kwemvura, sezvo ivhu rakapera risingakwanisi kuchengetedza unyoro uye kudya. Mumakore ekunaya kwemvura, kunyangwe zvisinganyanyi kuita mumakore akajairika uye akaoma, goho rinodzikira zvakare mumakore makumi mashanu kusvika kuzana.
Uku kudzikiswa kwegoho kwakaenzana nezviuru zvematani echikafu chakarasika mudunhu reUckermark chete. Vatsvakurudzi vanotenda kuti kuderedza goho nekuda kwekukukurwa kwevhu kungangoonekwa pasi rose uko kurimwa kunoitika pamateru.
Vanoti kukwira kuri kuita uku kunoratidza kukosha kwechimbichimbi kudzikisa kuderera kwevhu kunokonzerwa nekurima.
Varimi vanogona kufunga nezvematanho akaita sekugadzirisa sipidhi yekurima zvichienderana nenzvimbo yakatsetseka uye kazhinji kuderedza kudzika kwekurima kusvika pakukukurwa. Asi chokwadi masayendisiti anoti varimi vanofanira kumira kurima pamateru kuitira kuchengetedza ivhu ravo pamwe negoho remangwana.
Kunyangwe vaongorori vasina kutevedzera mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, vanotenda kuti kukukurwa kwevhu kubva mukurima kuchawedzera sezvo shanduko yemamiriro ekunze inowedzera kuwanda kwekunaya kwemvura munguva yekurima zvirimwa.