Pane dzimwe nguva dzemwaka wekurima, varimi vembatatisi vanofanira kugara vachitarisa mamiriro enitrogen ezvirimwa zvavo kuitira kuti vaise fetereza nenzira inobudirira.
Chiitiko chinowanzoitwa kunhonga mashizha kubva muzvirimwa mumunda wega-wega wozoatumira kuLab kunoongororwa nitrate. Mukati memazuva mashoma, varimi vanowana mibairo inoratidza kuti pari kudiwa fetereza yenitrogen yakawanda here kana kuti kuita kwayo kwakaringana. Iyo sisitimu inoshanda, asi maitiro aya anogona kukurumidza, anodaro I. Wang, docent Yunivhesiti yeWisconsin-Madison, Dhipatimendi reHorticulture.
"Kuunganidza mashizha kunotora nguva yakawanda nesimba," anodaro Wang.
“Uye dzimwe nguva mhedzisiro yacho inogona kurasika, nekuti huwandu hwenitrate mumashizha hunogona kukanganiswa nezvinhu zvakawanda, semamiriro ekunze kana nguva yekutorwa. Pamusoro pezvo, mibairo yacho hairangariri misiyano yenzvimbo [nitrogen zvinodiwa] mukati memunda.”
Project inopihwa mari USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, inosanganisira kuunganidzwa uye kugadzirisa data kubva kune hyperspectral kamera. Inoiswa paUAV (isina munhu anofamba nendege) kana ndege inobhururuka iri pasi inobhururuka pamusoro penzvimbo dzakadzidzwa dzembatatisi.
Chikwata chaWang chiri kugadzira mhando dzemakombuta kubatanidza mifananidzo kune-mwaka chirimwa nitrogen mamiriro, goho, mhando, uye kupera-mwaka inodzoka yehupfumi.
"Ini nevashandi vangu tinotarisira kugadzira chirongwa chepamhepo chinozoshandura mifananidzo ye hyperspectral kuti iite ruzivo rwekuti riini uye yakawanda sei yekuisa fetereza kuitira kuti varimi vawedzere purofiti nekushomeka kwezvakatipoteredza," anodaro Wang.
"Zvikonzero zvinokonzeresa shanduko yemamiriro emudenga, senge chimiro chekudya, kuvapo uye kusavapo kwehunyoro kana chirwere, zvinosanganiswa nekutarisa kwekuona uye nekudaro zvinogona kuoneka mumifananidzo ye hyperspectral," anodaro Trevor Crosby, mudzidzi akapedza kudzidza muWang's. lab.
Mundege imwe chete pamusoro penzvimbo yekutsvakurudza yemamita makumi manomwe nemazana mashanu, mifananidzo yakawanda inogona kuunganidzwa, imwe neimwe iine mazana emabhendi ekuona. Kuti akurumidze kugadzirisa mufananidzo, Wang akahaya vashandi vaviri vakakosha. Phil Townsend, Purofesa weSango uye Wildlife Ecology, mutungamiri mune kure kure sensing tekinoroji. Paul Mitchell, Purofesa uye Nyanzvi muDhipatimendi rekurima uye Applied Economics, anoitisa ongororo yehupfumi, yakavakirwa pane iyo komputa modhi inoita kurudziro yekushandisa nitrogen.
Crosby, achitungamira mukuyera kwevhu, akaunganidza data kubva munzvimbo dzekuongorora dzemumunda pamatanho akasiyana ekukura mbatatisi. Izvi zvinosanganisira indekisi yenzvimbo yemashizha, huwandu hwenitrogen mumashizha nemadzinde, huwandu hwemachubhu uye huremu hwemachubhu ega ega, uye zvakatipoteredza zvakaita sekunyorova kwevhu uye tembiricha, mwaranzi yezuva, uye kumhanya kwemhepo. Pakukohwa, inoyera goho rose remachubhu uye saizi yawo.
Crosby akabva agadzira mamodheru akavandudzwa anobatanidza mifananidzo ye hyperspectral kune zviyero zvepasi. Chinangwa ndechekufanotaura mamiriro enitrogen ezvirimwa munguva chaiyo uye kufanotaura goho remachubhu pakupera kwemwaka. Panguva ino, basa remumunda uye kugadzirisa kwemifananidzo kwapera, uye Crosby iri kutarisa nezvekuvandudza modhi.
Wang anogovera zvakanyanya tsvakiridzo yake nevarimi vembatatisi nemiriwo vehurumende. Ane hukama hwakanaka nevarimi munyika yose uye vazhinji vari kutarisira migumisiro yekutsvakurudza kwake.