Phytophthora chirwere chinotyisa chembatatisi. Mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma emamiriro ekunze e2021 akawedzera dambudziko iri muRussia. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kwakanganisa biology yepathogen pasi rose. Nhasi tinotanga hurukuro yakadzama pamusoro pechirwere ichi. Ngatitangei nenyaya inonyanya kudzvanya - matanho ekutonga kwemazuva ano. Mune zvimwe zvinyorwa, tichafunga nezvekwakabva, kutenderera kwehupenyu hwepathogen, genetics yekuramba zvirimwa uye mhando dzinopesana.
Sezvo mbatatisi yanonoka blight iriyo ine ngozi zvakanyanya, pane seti yezviyero zvinodiwa kurwisa chirwere ichi: kushandiswa kwemhando dzisingachinjiki uye mahybrids, kurapwa kwekudyara nefungicides, kutenderedza mbesa kwakaringana, kushandiswa kwemamineral fertilizer mumiyero yakakodzera. , periodic kudzivirira kurapwa kwezvirimwa nefungicides, uye kusarudzwa kwehutano hwekudyara zvinhu.
MuRussia, munguva pfupi yapfuura vakatanga kubhadhara zvakanyanya kune dzisiri dzetsika nzira dzekurwisa kunonoka blight. Saka, A.V. Filippov (All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology) akaronga pre-kudyara kurapwa tubers ane yakaderera-frequency magetsi ano, izvo akakwezva kufarira vatsvakurudzi munyika dzakasiyana; O. L. Ozeretskovskaya (AN Bach Institute of Biochemistry) uye vaaishanda navo vakagadzira nzira dzekushandiswa kwemakemikari uye biological immunomodulators - elicitors anowedzera masimba ezvirwere zvemiti; VG Dzhavakhia (Institute of Phytopathology) yakaparadzanisa puroteni kubva kuPseudomonas bhakitiriya inodzivirira utachiona hwehutachiwana hwembatatisi, kusanganisira phytophthora. Pamwe chete neCentre for Bioengineering yeRussia Academy yeSainzi nemamwe masangano, vakagadzira genetic kuvaka uye vakaipinza mumatapiri. Izvi zvinomera zve transgenic zvinowedzera zvakanyanya kudzivirira zvirwere. Vanogona kushandiswa mukugadzirisa kubereka.
Nekudaro, iyo pfungwa yemazuva ano yekubatanidzwa kwekudzivirira mbatatisi yakatarisana nekushandiswa kweasiri-kemikari (sangano, hupfumi, agrotechnical uye biological) nzira uye kushoma kushandiswa kwemakemikari kudzivirira.
Rondedzero yezvinyorwa zvakashandiswa:
- Filippov A.V. Mbatata inononoka blight / A.V. Filippov // Wedzero kujenari Kudzivirirwa Kwemiti uye Quarantine. - 2012. - Nhamba 5. - S. 61-88.
- Dyakov T.Yu. Late blight - matambudziko epasi rose uye ese-eRussia [Electronics resource] - Access mode: vivovoco.ibmh.msk.su/VV/JOURNAL/NATURE/01_02/PHYTO.HTM.