Masayendisiti paUniversity yeUtah awana humbowo hwekuti vanhu veko vekuNorth America vanga vachishandisa mbatatisi yemusango kudya makore gumi apfuura.
Nhoroondo yekudyiwa mbatatisi kusati kwarimwa zvakagadzirwa nevanhu inonzwisisika uye yakaganhurwa kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika kuSouth America. Saka, muna 2016, masayendisiti akagamuchira humbowo hwekuti maIndia ari muAndes akarima mbatatisi makore zviuru zvishanu apfuura. MuNorth neCentral America, ingangoita makumi maviri emusango midzi yezvirimwa kubva kujenasi Solanum (mhuri nightshade), asi kukosha kwavo mune zvekudya zvevaAmerican vekare hakusati kwasimbiswa. Vanochera matongo eAmerica vazadza mukaha uyu uye vakaita ongororo yemagirisi anowanikwa mune imwe yenzvimbo dzekuchera chekare.
Mbatata yemusango shandisa data Mbatata atove akawanikwa muSouth America, muKasma Valley, Peru, uye vanonzi vane makore zviuru mazana manomwe nemazana masere, kunyangwe pasina kubvumirana pakati pevasayendisiti kuti izvi zvaive zvirimwa zvemusango here kana kuti zvaitove zvemumba. Nezve chidzidzo chitsva, masayendisiti akashandisa zviwanikwa kubva kuNorth Creek Shelter kumaodzanyemba kweUtah. Ikoko kwakawanikwa humbowo hwakawanda hweakakosha chiitiko chevanhu vekare: machira nemakomba, matombo matombo, zvisaririra zvezvirimwa nemhuka. Kuchera kwakazivisa manomwe maratidziro etsika anotangira makore 7 800 apfuura.
Masayendisiti akaongorora zvisaririra zviri pamusoro pematombo zana nematombo anowanikwa pano. Nzvimbo dzezviridzwa makumi maviri nezvina dzaive nezvimakumi matatu nezvitatu makumi matatu nematatu emashizha, ayo mapundu mapfumbamwe ainyatso kuzivikanwa sembatatisi yemusango. Solanum jamesii uye makumi matanhatu nemapfumbamwe emapellets akaonekwa sezvingangodaro zvidimbu zvemuti uyu. Radiocarbon ongororo yematombo maturusi pakawanikwa zvisaririra zvembatatisi yakaratidza zera ramakore gumi nemazana mapfumbamwe kusvika zana negumi. Uye kuwanikwa uku, masayendisiti anoti, ndiyo humbowo hwekutanga hwakanyorwa hwekushandisa mbatatisi kuNorth America. Uye sezvo mbatatisi yakauya kuEurope ichibva kuAmerica, saka pamwe aya ndiwo masarasara ekare ematapiri munyika.
Pakutanga, vanochera matongo vakatowana matanho ekushandiswa kwemiti yemusango nevanhu vanhu vasati vatanga kurima kwavo. Semuenzaniso, oats yemusango aishandiswa muItari makore 32 600 apfuura, uye bhari yemusango uye gorosi muIsrael makore 23 apfuura.
Tsvagiridzo yacho inoburitswa mumagazini Proceedings yeNational Academy yeSainzi.
Source: https://chrdk.ru