Gumiguru 13 mukati mehurongwa hwePurogiramu yezviitiko zvepamutemo zvekuratidzira "Golden Autumn - 2012м Musangano wechipiri weSainzi uye Unoshanda weUnited of Potato neMuriwo Vatori veMusika Vakwikwidzi "Kukwikwidzana kweMumba Mbatatisi neMiriwo muRetail Trade" yakaitwa.
Yakurukurwa pamusangano, misoro yacho yakasiyaniswa nekusiyana kwavo. Ivo vanga vachitaura nezve mafomu uye nzira dzebhajeti inotsigira kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa, kumutswazve kwekudyara kwenyika uye kugadzirwa kwembeu, kuvandudzwa kwemitemo yehunyanzvi yematato nemiriwo, pamwe nematambudziko netarisiro yekusimudzira chikamu chekugadzirisa uye nezvimwe zvinoverengeka nyaya. Ichi chirongwa chinotibvumidza isu kufunga nezve chiitiko chakabudirira uye yakawanda-fomati.
Kugadzirwa
Dzidziso yekuchengetedza chikafu yakaratidza zvakasarudzika kuti chikumbaridzo kukosha kwechikamu chemidziyo yekumba mbishi uye zvekudya muhuwandu hwakazara hwezvinhu zvekushandisa pamusika wepamusha zvinofanirwa kunge zviri makumi mapfumbamwe nematatu muzana kumatato. Maererano nehuwandu, Russia inotora chechitatu pasi rese mukugadzirwa kwembatatisi. Mwaka wadarika, kukohwa rekodhi kwechingwa chechipiri kwakakohwewa - anopfuura mamirioni makumi matatu ematani.
Zvinoenderana nedatha rezvemuviri, chiyero chakakurudzirwa chekushandisa mbatatisi pamunhu pagore chakaiswa pa95-100 kg, inova ingangoita mamirioni gumi nemana emamiriyoni ezvido zvevagari vese venyika, kusasanganisa marara, mbeu yembeu uye zvinodiwa neindasitiri yekugadzirisa. Nekudaro, kugona kwekugadzira kwevagadziri vembatatisi epamba kunovimbisa ingangoita zana muzana yenyika kuchengetedza chikafu.
Mumwaka uno, nzvimbo inogarwa nekudyara mbatatisi yakaramba iri padanho regore rapfuura. Kana tikatarisa chikamu chekugadzira mbatatisi mumamiriro evatori vechikamu mumusika, zvinogona kuoneka kuti nzvimbo inotyisa yekudyara, 83% (1,8 mamirioni mahekita), inowira pamapurazi epamba, 231 zviuru mahekita akadyarwa mumabhizimusi madiki uye makuru ekurima, kana gumi %. Zvinosuruvarisa, kuvimbika kwehuwandu hwezvikamu zvega zvega hazvigone kuongororwa, asi zvakadaro, nyanzvi dzinoti mune ramangwana mugove wezvikamu zvakazvimiririra zvega mukugadzira zvichaderera, uye zvido zvevagari zvichazadzikiswa pamabhizinesi ari muboka rakarongeka.
Sekureva kwedhipatimendi rekushandira reBazi rezvekurima reRussia Federation, musi wa6 Mbudzi 2012 kumasangano ezvekurima emunyika mbatatisi dzakakohwewa munzvimbo mahekita makumi maviri nematanhatu, kuverenga 226% uye kuchenesa kunoenda nekukurumidza zvakanyanya zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura. Miriwo yakabvisa 98% yezvakarongwa.
Masangano akaunganidza matani mamirioni mana ematatata uye mamirioni 4 matani ezvigadzirwa zvemuriwo.
Panguva imwecheteyo, goho rezvigadzirwa tichienzanisa negore rapfuura rakadzikira mbatatisi ne11 c / ha nemiriwo - ne 32 c / ha.
Zvinoenderana nedhata rekushanda, matunhu eCentral Federal District anowanikwa muvatungamiriri mukutenga zvigadzirwa pakati pematunhu, goho repamusoro rembatatari rinoonekwa mudunhu reOryol - anopfuura matani makumi matatu / ha. Panyaya yemiriwo, dunhu reMoscow riri pamberi mukucheka uye nharaunda yeVologda maererano negoho.
Panyaya yekuvapo kwezvinhu zvakaunzwa kunze kwenyika mumusika wedu, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti kupihwa matapiri pagore kusvika mazana mazana masere kusvika mazana masere ezviuru zvematani, kunze kwenguva yakaoma, 600 - .. Muna 800, payakaunzwa matani miriyoni imwe nemazana mashanu ezviuru zvematatata matsva muhuwandu hunopfuura mazana manomwe nemakumi matatu mamirioni emadhora.
Muhafu yekutanga yegore rino, anenge mazana mana emamiriyoni ematani embatata akaendeswa kuRussia.
Vatengesi vakuru iEjipitori, Netherlands, Azerbaijan, Saudi Arabia neChina. Kuendesa kunze kweRussia kwembatatisi nyowani kunosiyana kubva pamakumi mana kusvika pamakumi matatu ematani zviuru. Mutengesi mukuru wematapiri edu ndiAzerbaijan (40 zviuru zvematani, 130%, 30).
Reclamation pamusoro
Kusaringana kutarisirwa kunopihwa kusimudzira kwenzvimbo yekurima yekudzosa sisitimu yekuvimbisa kugadzirwa kwekurima kwakagadzikana munyika medu. Kana iri muChina mugove wepasi wakadzorerwa unosvika 44,4%, muIndia - 35,9%, muUSA - 13,2%, saka kuRussia pari zvino nzvimbo yenyika yakadzoserwa iri 7,9% yenyika inorimwa. Yakapihwa neHurumende Chirongwa 2013-2020 rubatsiro runosvika makumi mashanu kubva muzana kubhadhara mari dzekudzosa harubatsiri zvakakwana. Zvinoenderana nezvakaitika nevarimi vekurima, nhengo dzePotato Union, ndiko kuti, ivo ndivo vanonyanya kuita mari vanoisa mari yakakosha mukugadzirisa ivhu, yakawanda yemitengo inosara nevanoona nezvekurima, vagadziri nevamwe vanhu.
Pane muenzaniso wedunhu reDmitrov, mudunhu reMoscow, varidzi pavakagadzirisa zvakanyanya, kuvaka patsva, kuvandudza patsva kwenzvimbo munzvimbo dzinopfuura mahekita mazana maviri negumi, kwakawanikwa michina nemidziyo, zvese nemari yake uye vega. Hapana kana kobiri rakagamuchirwa kubva kubhajeti yedunhu pasi pechirongwa chakaziviswa. Mari yakakosha yakashandiswa pakufungidzira dhizaini uye hunyanzvi hwehurumende - kubva gumi nemaviri kusvika zviuru gumi nemazana masere nezviuru mazana masere pahekita! Dzimwe nguva zvinodhura kuvaka pane kubhadhara sevhisi uye mari yechirongwa.
Izvo zvinokurudzirwa kuunza imwe hekita subsidy. Mabhizimusi ezvekurima anogona kuvaka nekugadzira zvakakweretwa kana yavo mari, uye nekugamuchira rubatsiro kune iyo nyika yakaunzwa. Hukuru hwesubidhi inogona kunge ingangoita zviuru gumi zveRubles pahekita, inoenderana nezvakapihwa zviwanikwa uye fungidziro yekufungidzirwa kwemubhadharo wemubatanidzwa. Rutsigiro rwakanangidzirwa runogona kukurudzira kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwenyika yakadzorerwa. Iko kushandiswa kwechiyero chakadai chebhajeti rutsigiro kuchaita kuti zvikwanise kuvandudza zvine hungwaru kugadziriswa kwepasi mumapurazi emiriwo uye, zvisina kukosha zvakanyanya, kutevedzera zvakanangwa chinangwa, sezvo nzvimbo dzakanyatsoshandiswa dziri pasi pekubhadharira mari, uye isina kuisirwa muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwekuverenga.
Kuchengetedza
Sekuverenga kwevanhu vezvekurima, muna 2006 simba rekuchengeta kamwe chete matapiri nemiriwo raive rinosvika mamirioni 6,5 ematani, ayo matani emamirioni 4,4 (67%) aive mumabhizimusi makuru ekurima. Pakati pegore ra2007 na2011, zvivakwa zvekuchengetedza zvine huwandu hunosvika mazana mazana mana ematani zvakatumirwa. Nekudaro, nhasi uno kune hwaro uye hwaro hwehunyanzvi iyo inobvumidza kuchengetedza anenge mamirioni manomwe ematani matapiri uye miriwo.
Mamiriro ezvinhu akasarudzika ekutsigirwa kwenyika munzvimbo ino pasi peHurumende Chirongwa 2013 haisati yazivikanwa.Potato Union yeRussia ichashanda kubazi rezvekurima painogadzira gwaro reMitemo "rinotonga kupa mari yemari yemubereko pazvikwereti zvekudyara (zvikwereti) zvekusimudzira kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa, kugadziriswa uye kupa misika yekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa ”, zvinopa mukana wekuwana zvikwereti zvemidziyo yekuchengetera, kusanganisira firiji, zvisinei nenyika yaakabva. Uye zvakare kupa, mukati mehurongwa hwekutsigira zvirongwa zvakakosha zvehupfumi zvezvinhu zvinoumbwa neRussia Federation mumunda wekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa uye kuitwa kwemapurojekiti matsva munzvimbo yezve maindasitiri, kuripwa kwakananga kwemitengo patani yekuchengetera panguva yekuvaka matangi matsva ekuchengetedza.
Kugadziriswa kwemapatatisi nemiriwo
Mutsika muRussia, mbatatisi ndeimwe yezvigadzirwa zvekudya zvikuru. Nekudaro, nekuda kweiyo yakaderera yezvinhu zvakaomeswa mune tuberous mbatatisi, panguva yayo yenguva-refu yekuchengetedza, kurasikirwa hakudzivisiki zvese kubva pakurasikirwa kwechisikigo uye kubva kumarudzi akasiyana siyana ezvirwere zvaro.
Uku kurasikirwa, kupihwa kushomeka kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetera dzazvino uye kushomeka kwakawanda kwekugona kwemapurazi madiki nepakati kuti ave nenzvimbo dzakadai dzekuchengetera, dzinogona kusvika 25-30% yehuwandu hwembatatisi dzine tuberous dzinoiswa mukuchengetedza. Nzira inoshanda kwazvo yekudzora zvakanyanya kurasikirwa ndeyekugadzirisa matapiri muzvigadzirwa zvembatatisi zvinogona kuchengetwa kwenguva yakareba (rinenge gore) uchichengetedza hutano uye kukosha kwehunhu kunowanikwa mune mbatatisi dzine turu muchigadzirwa chinoguma.
Panguva yekugadzirisa, zvinokwanisika kushandisa zvisiri-zvakaenzana zvikamu zvidiki zvembatatisi zvine tuberous, izvo zvisingawanzo kushandiswa zvachose. Huwandu hwembatatisi dzakadai hunogona kuve 15-20% yegoho rakakura rembatatisi.
Mukuita kwekutungamira nyika dzeEuropean, mugove wembatatisi wekugadzirisa masosi kubva pamakumi matatu kusvika makumi masere muzana. MuRussia, chete 30% yezvigadzirwa zvakagadziriswa.
Mukubatana nekumiswa kwekupihwa kwe grants uye subsidies kumabhizimusi eindasitiri yekugadzirisa, huwandu uye kugona kugona kwemabhizimusi anogadzira starch yemazamu munguva 1990-1995 yakadzikira ka5 uye chete mumakore achangopfuura akatanga kutaura pre-perestroika zviratidzo.
Muna 2011, dzinosvika zviuru makumi matatu nezvishanu zvematani embatatisi anokosha madhora makumi matatu nemasere akaendeswa kumusika wedu wekutenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika, uye mumakore mashanu apfuura, mitengo yesitashi inotengwa kunze kwenyika yakapeta zvakapetwa kaviri.
Imwe yemazano anovimbisa ekuwana zvigadzirwa zvembatatisi kugadzirwa kwemazamu. Ichi chigadzirwa chemhando yepamusoro chaizvo icho chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakuronga kudya kwemapoka mumapoka akarongeka, kusanganisira masangano anotsigirwa zvizere nehurumende. Iko kushandiswa kwembatatisi maflakes inobvumira kutsiva matapiri echisikigo pakuronga chikafu munzvimbo dziri kure, kutakurwa uye kuchengetwa kwemafuru hazvidi mamiriro akasarudzika, havatye tembiricha yakaipa. Uyezve, kirogiramu imwe yemapatatisi anozadza inogona kutsiva anenge makirogiramu manomwe emapatata chaiwo. Mukuita kwekugadzirira, mbatatisi yakakwenenzverwa inowanikwa, iyo isina kana nzira yakaderera pane mbatatisi yakashambadza yakagadzirirwa kubva kumatatata matsva.
Ikozvino pane vashanu vagadziri vema mbatatisi muRussia. Yakazara yekugadzira vhoriyamu yegore ra2011 ingangoita zviuru makumi maviri nezviviri. Panguva imwecheteyo, nhasi inopfuura makumi mana muzana yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemapatata anodyiwa muRussia anotengeswa. Mahwendefa anotumirwa kunyanya kubva kunyika dzeEU. Kutenda kune EU yakapihwa rubatsiro mutemo wezvekurima uye matanho ekusimudzira vagadziri vemuno, zvigadzirwa zvevanotenga kunze vane mukana wemutengo kupfuura zvigadzirwa zvemumba. Uye zvakare, zvine chekuita nemaburi akambobvumwa mumutemo kwemakore akati wandei, zvigadzirwa zvembatatari zvakapihwa kunzvimbo inokwenenzverwa pa23%, nepo vhenji yemumba VAT iri 40%. Pakutanga kwenhengo dzeUnited States uye nerutsigiro rweMinistry of Agriculture, muna Chivabvu gore rino, shanduko dzakaitwa kuhurongwa hwekutonga, uye kusaenzana kwakabviswa. Musika uchaita sei neshanduko idzi? Mhedzisiro yacho ichaongororwa uye kuongororwa pamwe chete nema processor.
Panguva imwecheteyo, muchirevo chekujoinha WTO, zvakafanira kutora rimwe danho kutsigira kugadzirisa kwemumba - kudzikisira VAT yavo kusvika pa10%.
Kubereka uye kugadzirwa kwembeu
Iko kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa zvinoenderana zvakanyanya nemhando yembeu. 99% yembatatisi dzinoenda kunetiweki masisitimu uye nekugadziriswa dzinorimwa kubva kudhura dzinotengwa kunze kwenyika.
Iko hakuna iko kusarudzwa kwemumba uye kugadzirwa kwembeu munyika, nepo huripo huripo hwekutonga nemitemo isingapi mukana wekusimudzira. Nekudaro, semuenzaniso, hapana pfungwa uye zvinodikanwa kumatunhu ekugadzirisa mbatatisi, huwandu hwezvizvarwa uye mbeu dzekuberekesa mbatatisi dzinoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwekurima hadzina kukwana, mutemo wechibvumiro. Izvo zvinodikanwa kupa mutemo kugadzirwa kwenzvimbo dzakasarudzika kusarudza uye nzvimbo dzinokura mbeu uye kuona mafomu ehurumende kutsigira. Nhengo dzePotato Union dzinotenda kuti manejimendi eaya maitiro haafanire kusiiwa kune tsitsi dzevadzidzi, mubatanidzwa unofanira kuona mitemo, uye zvidzidzo zvinofanirwa kuongorora mashandiro emapurojekiti nenzvimbo dzinodzivirira. Zvichida izvi zvakanangana, asi zvakakosha kumatato.
Mhando makumi matatu nesere neshanu dzakanyoreswa muRejista yeHurumende yeBreeding Achievements yeRussia. Panguva imwecheteyo, hapana anopfuura anopfuura 318-40 marudzi anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira. Mhando gumi dzakakurumbira dzinorimwa pa45-70% yenzvimbo yakadyarwa, uye mugove wemhando dzeRussia mairi ingori 80%. Kune mazana gumi nematanhatu nematanhatu esarudzo yeRussia muRejista yeRussian Federation, inova hafu yenhamba dzese dzakanyoreswa, asi mhando makumi maviri neshanu chete dzadzo dzinoshandiswa mukugadzira munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeRussia.
Zvinozivikanwa kuti muRudzi rwekunyoresa renyika 7% yakapihwa budiriro yeRepublic yeBelarus, uye ivo vane marudzi eRussia chete 2%, mune dzimwe nyika fanano dzeRejista yedu mhando dzeRussia dzinenge dzisingamiriri.Nekugadziriswa kwemusangano wechipiri wesainzi uye unoshanda "Genetic uye agro-tekinoroji zviwanikwa zvekuvandudza kunaka kwechikafu uye matekinoroji matekiniki" akaitwa nePotato Union muMoscow munaKurume 2012, zvakacherechedzwa kuti kunyangwe paine matambudziko nematambudziko, vafudzi vedu vanogadzira, patent uye kunyoresa muRejista yeNyika. mitsva mitsva yemapatatisi, uye chikamu chakakosha chayo chiri chemhando yepamusoro, uye inotopfuura mhando dzekunze mune akati wandei parameter. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemudzimba dzine zvimiro zvepamusoro, zvinopesana nekusanaya kwemvura, kunonoka kunaya uye zvimwe zvirwere. Zvisinei, masangano esainzi kazhinji haana mari yekutengesa kwavo "kusimudzira" uye, zvinonyanya kukosha, kurongeka kwekugadzirwa kwavo kwekutanga uye kwakakwirira, nekuti hapana mari yehurumende yekugadzira mbeu (basa iri rakarongerwa nemutemo sechiitiko chekutengesa).
Naizvozvo, kazhinji patent yemhando nyowani inova "kushongedzwa" kwemishumo yemasangano esainzi, uye mushure menguva pfupi, vanobviswa chinyararire uye zvisingaoneki kubva mukudzivirirwa nekuda kwekusabhadharirwa mari dzepatent.
Kune mashoma makambani embeu aripo muRussia, kazhinji kazhinji ezvokutengeserana uye kwete nenzira yakarongeka kana zviri pamutemo zvine chekuita nevafudzi uye vane patent, zvinongova zvisina hupfumi kusabatsira kuzvimiririra kusimudzira kumisika, kuporesa, kudzora mhando dzakasiyana dzemarudzi matsva evatangi vekumba, avo vanodawo kubhadhara mvumo. Zviri nyore kwavari kuti vashande nemhando inozivikanwa yatove yechinyakare uye nekudaro zviripo mbeu yezvinhu gumi nemashanu kusvika gumi nemashanu zvakakurumbira. Iko kusarongeka kukura kweyekutanga epamba uye yakasarudzika mhodzi yekugadzira haina kuvhara izvo zvinodiwa nevakagadziri vakuru, vanomanikidzwa kutenga huwandu hwakawanda hwembeu zvinhu, kazhinji zvine zvakaderera zvigadzirwa, kunze kwenyika uye vanotarisana nekukura marudzi ekunze.
Imwe njodzi, sekureva kwenhengo dzeUnited States, ndiko kupinza kukuru kwembeu mbatatisi kubva kunze kwenyika, iyo inogona kutungamira (uye yatotungamira) kuunza nekupararira kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvine njodzi zvakanyanya zvekuisa zvinhu zvinokuvadza uye kunyanya hutachiona hwehutachiona uye husingauraye mafungus muRussia. uye nhangemutange yezvirwere (kunonoka kunaya, bacteriosis, mavairasi).
Izvo zvakakosha mukuita kwekushandura maitiro ehurumende akasiyana kuyedza uye kugamuchirwa kwemarudzi ekunze uye kuchengetedzwa kuchengetedza nekusimbisa nzira dzekuchengetedza hutano hwepytosan yenyika. Iko kune kudikanwa kwema laboratori anokwanisa kuongorora shanduko mune chimiro chevanhu vezvinhu zvepathogenic, kunyanya kwavo hasha uye kuramba mishonga yezvipembenene.
Kusvikira nguva pfupi yadarika, chinhu chakakosha chekutsigirwa nehurumende mukugadzirwa kwezvirimwa kwaive kutsigira kugadzirwa kwembeu dzepamusoro. Gore rapera, rutsigiro rwemari rwekushandisa kweiyo reproductions yakakwira yembatatisi yaive ingangoita 7 rubles. pa kilogiramu, yaive zviuru makumi maviri neshanu zvemakumi mashanu ema ruble. pahekita. Parizvino, Bazi rezvekurima reRussian Federation riri kufunga nezvesarudzo dzekubvisa rubatsiro rwembatatisi dzakakwirira kana kudzikisa rutsigiro kuna 20-25 rubles. pa kilogiramu, ndiko kuti, rutsigiro ruchava 2-3 zviuru zveRubles. pahekita.
Panyaya iyi, Mubatanidzwa wePotato uchakumbira bazi rezvekurima kuti ripe mu "Mitemo yekupihwa uye kugoverwa kwemabhizimusi kubva mubhajeti remubatanidzwa kuenda kumabhajeti enzvimbo dzeRussian Federation kuti vatsigire zvikamu zvidiki zvezvirimwa zvezvirimwa zvegore ra2013" rubatsiro rwekutenga super-super elite, super elite, elite yemapatata mbeu, uye shandura zvekare maitiro ekugovera rubatsiro rwekusimudzira kurima kwembeu dzepamusoro, kuendesa risiti yavo kubva kune vanotenga mbeu kune vavanogadzira.
Varimi vekurima uye mitengo yekutengesa
Kugadzwa kwehutongi hwakanaka hwevagadziri vekurima kuburikidza nekugadziriswa kwechikamu chembatatisi yemiriwo nemiriwo mumusika wekutengesa, kureva tsananguro yemitemo yakajeka uye yunifomu nezvinodiwa pamatanho ese ekufambisa kwezvinhu, ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvekusimudzira kwenguva refu kwevakawanda vevatori vemusika. Mari yakaderera uye mhando yepamusoro inodiwa kukwikwidza nekutenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika. Munguva yechando yegore rino, sekutsvaga kwakaitwa nenhengo dzemubatanidzwa, 40% yehuwandu yakatorwa nekutenga muzvitoro, uye nekutora, ese 60%. Sezvo mbatatisi yemumba inodhura gumi rubles / kg, uye kupinza 10-50 rubles / kg. Zvinonyanya kubatsira pamaketani kuita bhizinesi nemapatatari anodhura anotengwa kunze kwenyika, ayo anowanzo kuve emhando yepamusoro, akarongedzwa uye akagezwa.
Panguva imwecheteyo, kune zvakakwana zvinopihwa kubva kune vekunze vanotengesa pamusika vane zvakafanana zviratidzo maererano nehunhu uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvevatengi. Izvo zvinoonekwa kuti kuwanda kwemavhoriyamu ekugovera mumambure hakusi kwevagadziri, asi kwevatengesi nekutora chikamu kwevanhu vanoshanda zvakanangana mumasaiti kana pamabhadharo nevatengi.
Kunyangwe panguva yekukohwa vakawanda mumaketeni ezvitoro zvinopa nzvimbo huru dzemadhorobha, kunyanya Central uye Northwestern Federal Dunhu, hafu yembatatisi yakapihwa ndeye isiri-yeRussia kugadzirwa. Ekutengesa manetwork anonyanya kuda kushanda nezvakaunzwa kunze zvigadzirwa nekuda kwenzvimbo yepamusoro yebhonasi. Uye zvakare, ngetani dzekutengesa dzinoshandisa zvavo zvavanoda zvemhando yepamusoro uye kugamuchirwa kwezvigadzirwa, izvo zvinoumba matambudziko mukuwanikwa kwezvigadzirwa.
MunaAugust, iyo Potato Union yakaongorora chikamu chemaketeni ekutengesa mudunhu reMoscow. Munguva iyo mapurazi ari padyo neMoscow paakatanga kukohwa kwakawanda zvigadzirwa, hutongi hwekarotsi dzakatorwa kunze dzakanyorwa pamutengo unosvika makumi matatu nemashanu rubles pa kilogiramu. Panguva imwecheteyo, avhareji yekutengesa mutengo wevatengesi vematunhu yaive 35-13 rubles.
Zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yekutarisisa pamusika wembatatisi uye zvigadzirwa zvemuriwo, zvakaitwa nenhengo dzePotato Union mumazuva gumi ekutanga aGumiguru, zvinotevera zvakanyorwa: mbatatisi yakashambidzwa nemutengo we80 rubles / kg inowanda pamashefu eMosheni keteni zvitoro pa50%. Mbatata isina kugezwa inotengeswa padanho re17 rubles / kg. Kunze kuri pamusoro pe40% yemapatata akagezwa uye 46% yemakarotsi akagezwa.
Paavhareji, mune mamwe matunhu eRussia, mbatata yakashambidzwa uye isina kushambidzwa inoita 50/50 reshiyo, uye hapana zviriko zvigadzirwa zvinotengwa parizvino.
MuEurope, kubvira makumi matanhatu ezana ramakore rapfuura, mutemo wakabatana RUCIP wave uchishanda, uyo unotsanangura iyo yese seti yemitemo uye mamiriro ekutengesa mune nyowani mbatatisi uye zvigadzirwa zvemiriwo.
Muchiitiko chezvino chibvumirano, vatori vechikamu vemuEuropean vanotaura chete mamiriro ezvinhu (mutengo, izwi, kurongedza), uye mamwe maratidziro ehukama anotariswa nezvakataurwa neRUCIP.
Nehurombo, kuRussia, ngetani dzekutengesa dzinoshandisa zvadzo zvinodiwa zvehunhu uye kugamuchirwa kwezvigadzirwa, izvo zvinoumba matambudziko mukutakura. Union yeMbatatisi neMiriwo VeMusika Vatori vechikamu vakagadzirira kubvumirana pachibvumirano chakafanana (mutemo) neiyo Association yeRetail Makambani.
Pamusoro pezvo, Mubatanidzwa wePotato unotaurirana nebazi rezvekurima nechikumbiro:
- Taura zvigadziriso kuMutemo weFederal "Pazvinhu zveHurumende Mutemo weKushambadzira Zviitiko muRussia Federation", ichipa kuvandudzwa uye kugamuchirwa kwematanho ekubatana pakati pevagadziri vezvigadzirwa zvekurima uye zvekutengesa (maererano nezvinodiwa zvehunhu hwechigadzirwa, zvigadzirwa, kuiswa kwemitemo yehunyanzvi);
- Kugadziridza Chirevo cheHurumende yeRussian Federation yaChikunguru 15, 2010 Nha. 530 zvinoenderana neRondedzero yemamwe marudzi ezvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nevehukama (pakutenga chimwe chikamu icho chinzvimbo chezvehupfumi chakatenderwa kubhadhara muripo) maererano nekuwedzera kwayo nezvigadzirwa: mbatatisi maererano neGOST R 51808-2001, beet GOST P 51811-2001, makarotsi GOST P 51782-2001, kabichi GOST P 51809 uye hanyanisi GOST P 2001-51783;
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Sanganisira canteen beet muRondedzero yemamwe marudzi ezvemagariro akakosha ezvigadzirwa zvechikafu, izvo mitengo yepamusoro inobvumidzwa yekutengesa inogona kumisikidzwa (Chirevo cheHurumende yeRussian Federation yaChikunguru 15, 2010 Nha. 530), sehunhu chete hweiyo "borscht" yakatarwa isina kuiswa mune iri pamusoro Rondedzero. ...
Kukwikwidzana kwemapatata epamba uye miriwo mukutengesa kwekutengesa kunoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu pari zvino mumusika wembatatisi wenyika uye zvakabatana zvakanyanya nezvakabuda mukuita kwezvinhu zvakadaro mukugadzirwa kwezvirimwa sekugadzira kwazviri, kudzoreredza ivhu, kusarudzwa uye kugadzirwa kwembeu, kuchengetedza nekugadzirisa. Mitengo yekutengesa inokanganisawo kukwikwidza kwembatatisi nemiriwo. Kuti uchengetedze zvakanakira chigadzirwa chemumba pamusika, zvinofanirwa kubhadhara zvakakwana kutarisisa kwezvivakwa zvembatatisi nemiriwo.
Statistics yakapihwa nePotato Union yeRussian Federation uye Ministry of Agriculture yeRussia Federation