Iyo mbatatisi moth Phthorimaea operculella Zeller chirwere chinotyisa chekuparadzanisa, chakapararira kumakondinendi ese kunorimwa mbatatisi.
Kugadziriswa kwembatatisi kwakaitika nehutachiona hutachiona, kutanga kutengeswa kubva kumatunhu eSouth America, uyezve kubva kunzvimbo yechipiri yezvipembenene (maererano nedata reFederal State Budgetary Institution VNIIKR).
MuRussian Federation, mbatatisi moth yakawanikwa muna 1981-1983. panzvimbo dzakasiyana pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa Dema yeCaucasus, kubva kuAnapa kuenda kuAdler.
Iyo fodya yemiti yemazamu moth inorimwa uye zvirimwa zvemusango zvemhuri yeSolanaceae: mbatatisi, biringanya, fodya, physalis, henbane, datura. Pamusoro pavo, chipembenene chinokura zvizere uye chinopa vana vakaorera. Mhiripiri, matomatisi uye nevamwe vamiririri vema ntshtshades vakakuvara zvishoma. Munzvimbo dzakanakira kukura nekusimudzira kwechipembenene, kunyanya munyika dzinopisa, goho rakakohwewa rinogona kuparadzwa zvachose neichi chipembenene.
Iyo mbatatisi moth inokura pasina diapause. Chidziro chepasi chekuvandudza chiri + 10 ° С, iyo yepamusoro iri + 35 ° С. Kubudirira kunoitika nekuenderera mukati meaya matanho ekushisa. Pakutonhora pazasi -4 ° C uye pamusoro + 36 ° C, ese matanho ekukura anofa. Iyo nguva yekuvandudza inoenderana zvakanyanya netembiricha. Pane yakakwana tembiricha ye20-27 ° C, chimwe chizvarwa chembatatisi moth inokura mukati memazuva makumi maviri nesere, uye pa28-30 ° C, -8-20 mazuva.
Munzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvine tembiricha inodzorwa ine yakaringana yekuchengetedza hutongi hwe + 3 ... + 5 ° C mukati memwedzi 4-5, nhanho dzese dzekukuvara kwezvipembenene dzinofa kana kusagadzikana. Butterflies dzinobhururuka kunze mukutanga kwechirimo uye dzinowanikwa kusvika pakupera kwaGumiguru. Muchirimo, mapurugufuru anoshanda panguva yorubvunzavaeni, nguva dzangovira uye zuva risati rabuda. Mumatsutso, zhizha rinoitika panguva yemasikati, inonyanya kusimba pa18 ° C. Butterflies haibhururuke pane tembiricha iri pasi pe13 ° C.
Iyo imago inorarama kwemazuva gumi nemaviri. Vakadzi vanoisa paavhareji 10-12 mazai, akawanda - mazana mana mazai. Iyo yakawanda nhamba yemaputuru inocherechedzwa usati kukohwa mbatatisi.
Iyo mbatatisi moth inobhururuka pamatanho akasiyana ekukura, asi yechina chete instar mhashu nemapupa ayo apedza kufudza anogona kuhwanda. Chipembenene hibernates mumarara emiti, muvhu pakadzika kwema 5-7 cm, munzvimbo dzekuchengetera.
Chikamu chinokuvadza chikonye, icho chinokuvadza mashizha, hunde nemachubhu. Matubhu pane kudyarwa anokuvara chete kwaanouya pamusoro kana paine kutsemuka kwevhu pamusoro pawo. Pasi pemamiriro eiyo Russian Federation, iyo mbatatisi moth haina kukanganisa goho rembatatisi mumunda. Kukuvadza kukuru kunoitwa panguva yekuchengetera nguva yematubers, kunyanya munzvimbo dzekuchengetera dzine tembiricha dzisingadzorwe pa10-15 ° C uye pamusoro. Tubers ine tupukanana inofamba uye tsvina pasi peganda uye mupurpu haina kuchengetedzwa zvakanaka, inokuvara zvakanyanya nezvirwere, uye inorasikirwa nehurukuro yavo nehunhu.
Kana uchirima nightshade zvirimwa, seti yemasangano, hupfumi uye agrotechnical matanho anofanirwa kucherechedzwa:
- kutenderera kwezvirimwa nekutenderera kwezvirimwa kweanenge makore matatu, nechisimba nzvimbo yekuparadzaniswa kwezvirimwa zvitsva kubva kuminda yekare nezvitoro zvemiriwo kweinenge kiromita imwe;
- kuparara kwakarongeka kwekuzvimiririra-kudyara kweye Solanaceae yakasimwa uye yemusango mukumuka kwembatata moth;
- kudyara mbatatisi, chete mbeu ine hutano inofanirwa kushandiswa. Kudyara muvhu rinodziya (kudziya kwakadzika 14 cm). Kana uchikura, zvirimwa zvinofanirwa kugara zvichirohwa, zvichidzivirira kufumura ma tubers, kudiridza;
- kukohwa kunofanirwa kuitwa nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona pakutanga kwekutsvuka kwemisoro. Mazuva mashanu asati akohwewa mbatatisi, zvinodikanwa kucheka nekuparadza chikamu chiri pamusoro pevhu. Yakacherwa mbatatisi inofanirwa kubviswa panzvimbo iyi mazuva ese, zvakakanganisika zvisirizvo zvematubhi uye zvimwe zvisaririra zvemiti zvinofanirwa kuparadzwa pakarepo.
Paunenge uchidyara uye panguva yekukura mwaka wembatatisi, zvakakosha kutora matanho ekudzivirira kubva kune yakaoma zvipembenene, kusanganisira kurapwa kwetubers usati wadyara nemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene yakanyoreswa kune izvi zvinangwa mu "State Catalog yeMishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye Agrochemicals" uye kupopera mukati mwaka wekukura zvinoenderana nemitemo nemirau yekushandisa kwavo panguva kubva pakutanga kwekoloni neColorado mbatatisi nyongoro (kunopera kwaApril - kutanga kwaMay) kusvika kumagumo embatatari ichitumbuka ine chinguva chemazuva gumi kusvika gumi nemana. Nemishonga inodzokororwa mumwaka mumwe chete, kudzivirira kukura kwekupokana muzvipukanana, mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka kubva kumakirasi akasiyana inofanirwa kuchinjaniswa kana kugadzirira kwakagadzirwa kwakagadzirwa kunofanirwa kushandiswa.
Mbatatisi inofanirwa kuchengetwa patembiricha ye + 3 ... + 5 ° С - pazasi pechikwiriso chekukuvara kwezvipembenene (+10 ° С). Shongedza iyo yekuchengetedza mbatatisi nenzira yekudzivirira iyo mbatatisi moth butterflies kubva kubhururuka. Usati waisa pekuchengetera, zvinodikanwa kuputira nzvimbo pamwe nekugadzirira kunoenderana nealuminium phosphide uye kurapa mbatatari tubers ine 1% mhinduro yeiyo microbiological gadziriro Lepidocid P, SK, SK-M nekunyudza iyo tubers mune 1% kumiswa kwe kugadzirira kwemaminetsi 4-5 pachiyero chemarita zana pamatani gumi nemashanu embatatisi, mushure mezvo aomeswa mumumvuri uye akachengetwa.
Verenga zvakawanda: https://www.agroxxi.ru/