Kubva mumagazini: Nha. 3 2016
Category: Dunhu
Nharaunda: 76624 km2
Vagari: 3 vanhu, avo 260% vagari veguta.
Nzvimbo: Nharaunda yeNizhny Novgorod inoganhurana kuchamhembe-kumadokero nenharaunda yeKostroma, kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva - nenharaunda yeKirov, kumabvazuva - neRepublics yeMari El neChuvashia, kumaodzanyemba - neRepublic of Mordovia, kumaodzanyemba-kumavirira - pamwe nenharaunda yeRyazan, kumadokero - neVladimir region uye Ivanovo nzvimbo.
Mamiriro ekunze kondinendi ine mwero, nekutonhora, nguva yechando yakareba uye pfupi, inodziya yezhizha. Misiyano mikuru yemamiriro ekunze inoonekwa pamutsara wekuchamhembe-kumaodzanyemba, pakati penharaunda yeVolga uye Right Bank. Avhareji yekushisa kwemhepo pagore inosiyana kubva pa3.0ºC kuchamhembe kusvika ku4.5ºC kumaodzanyemba kwedunhu. Mugore, inenge 600-650 mm yemvura inonaya munzvimbo yeVolga uye 500-550 mm muBhangi reRudyi, nezvikamu zviviri muzvitatu nenzira yemvura. Kubva munaSeptember kusvika munaMay, kumaodzanyemba uye kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero mhepo inopararira munharaunda, uye mumwedzi yezhizha - kuchamhembe-kumadokero. Avhareji yemhepo inomhanya pagore ndeye 3-4 m/s.
Rubatsiro: dunhu iri riri pakati peEast European Plain. Nharaunda yacho yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvakaenzana: sango rakadzika Trans-Volga dunhu (ine nzvimbo ye42 zviuru zvemakiromita.2) uye inenge isina miti yakakwirira yeVolga nzvimbo.
Ivhu: sod-podzolic uye podzolic soils inokunda (66% yenzvimbo); grey sango inogara 16,3%; chernozemic 7,9%; alluvial mafashama 3,6%; marsh uye peat 6,2%.
Nzvimbo yekurima: 3059,7 zviuru ha
Basa guru rinotarisana nevashandi mune agro-industrial complex yenharaunda yeNizhny Novgorod ndeyekugadzirisa kubudirira nyaya dzekuzvigutsa kwenharaunda nezvigadzirwa zvekudya zvakakosha. Uye mbatatisi mudunhu reNizhny Novgorod ndeimwe yezvakanyanya kukosha zvirimwa zvekurima uye zvinoshandiswa pakudya uye zvekudya, uye zvakare iri mbishi indasitiri yekugadzira.
Pamusoro pekutsigira mbatatisi kukura munharaunda yeNizhny Novgorod
Kubva muna 2016, zvakarongwa kupa rubatsiro kune vanogadzira zvekurima kuti vapihwe rubatsiro rusina hukama mukugadzirwa kwembeu dzembatatisi nemiriwo yakavhurika. Rubatsiro ruchapihwa pahekita imwe yenzvimbo yakadyarwa inogarwa nembeu dzembatatisi nemuriwo wevhu rakavhurika. Kugoverwa kweiyi rubatsiro rwehurumende kunotungamirirwa neChirevo cheHurumende yeNizhny Novgorod Region No.
Masangano eAgroindustrial complex ari mukurima mbatatisi ane kodzero yekuwana rubatsiro rwekudzorera chikamu chemubereko pane zvenguva pfupi uye zvikwereti zvekudyara zvinokwezva nechinangwa chekuvandudza kugadzirwa kwembatatisi zvinoenderana neChirevo cheHurumende yeRussian Federation yaDecember 28.12.2012. 1460 No. 25.03.2013 uye Mitemo yeHurumende yeNzvimbo yeNizhny Novgorod yaMarch 173, 02.11.2012 No. 781, yeXNUMX No.
Mukuwedzera, iyo Federal Target Program "Kuvandudzwa kweReclamation of Agricultural Lands muRussia ye2014 - 2020" inoshanda muNizhny Novgorod Region. Mukati mechirongwa chechirongwa ichi, rubatsiro rwunopihwa pakuvaka, kuvaka patsva uye hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisazve zvigadziriso zvekudiridza uye madhiraini ekushandisa zvakajairwa uye zvemunhu, kusanganisira kurima mbatatisi.
Rubatsiro runobhadharwa kune vanogamuchira muhuwandu husingapfuuri 50% yehuwandu hwemitengo yakaitwa uye yakabhadharwa, asi isingapfuuri 50% yemutengo unofungidzirwa wekuvaka (kuvaka patsva, tekinoroji re-equipment) yezvekugadzirisa masisitimu. Muna 2016, mamiriyoni makumi matanhatu emadhora akabvumirwa munzvimbo iyi mumutemo "Pane bhajeti redunhu re2016", kusanganisira 60 mamiriyoni rubles kubva kuhurumende yehurumende uye 54 mamiriyoni rubles kubva kubhajeti redunhu.
Zvakanakira 2015
Sekureva kweTerritorial Body yeFederal State Statistics Service yeNizhny Novgorod Dunhu, muna 2015, nzvimbo iri pasi pembatatisi mumapurazi emhando dzese yakasvika zviuru makumi mashanu neshanu nemazana matatu ezviuru mahekita (52,3% yechikamu cha104), 2014 zviuru matani (950,6%). dzakagadzirwa negoho repakati 114 c/ha.
Chiyero chekuzvigutsa mumatato munharaunda yeNizhny Novgorod muna 2015 yaive 122,2%. Nhasi, dunhu reNizhny Novgorod rinosangana nezvinodiwa zvizere, uye zvinobudirira kutengesa zvakasara goho kune mamwe matunhu eRussian Federation.
Kugadzirwa kwembeu yembatatisi
Anosvika mazana maviri nemakumi mana emapurazi (240 mabhizinesi ekurima uye angangoita zana nemakumi matanhatu emapurazi evarimi) ari kuita kugadzirwa kwembatatisi dzekutengesa mudunhu.
Kuve nechokwadi chekupihwa kwakagadzikana kwevagadziri vezvigadzirwa nembeu yemhando yepamusoro uye yekudyara mudunhu reNizhny Novgorod, iyo Elite sainzi nekugadzira system inoshanda. Muna 2015, yaisanganisira makumi matatu neshanu mapurazi embeu emhando yepamusoro, ayo gumi nematatu epamusoro mapurazi anoshanda mukugadzirwa kwembeu dzembatatisi dzepamusoro. Kubereka kunoitwa mumhando makumi maviri nemaviri. Inosvika zviuru zvishanu zvematani embeu dzembatatisi dzemhando yepamusoro dzinogadzirwa gore negore, dzinenge zviuru zvitatu nemazana mashanu ematani anotengeswa kune mamwe matunhu eRussia.
Mukuwedzera, pahwaro hwe LLC Elitkhoz (guta reBor) uye LLC Agrofirma Metallurg (bazi Novodmitrievskoye, guta reVyksa) kune marabhoritari maviri ekugadzirwa kwembeu dzembatatisi dzisina utachiona. Kushanda kwemarabhoritari ekutanga kugadzirwa kwembeu yembatatisi kunobvumira kugadzirwa kwepagore kweanosvika zviuru mazana maviri nemakumi maviri ezviuru zvimedu zve mini-tubers, iyo, pamwe chete nesarudzo yegore negore mumakiriniki ekuparadzira vachishandisa culling neELISA (enzyme-yakabatana immunosorbent assay), inovimbisa kugadzirwa kwegore anenge 220-3 zviuru matani ane hutano epamusoro mbatatisi. Aya mavhoriyamu anovhara zvizere zvinodiwa nemapurazi munharaunda yeNizhny Novgorod yembeu zvinhu (I - III reproductions), ichiteverwa nekuvandudzwa kwakasiyana kana shanduko dzakasiyana.
Indasitiri zvivakwa
Kubudirira kwemapurazi embatatisi kunonyanya kutsamira kwete chete pakuvandudza tekinoroji yemazuva ano, asiwo pakuvandudza nekuvandudza masisitimu ekuchengetedza. Mumakore achangopfuura, mapurazi mazhinji anotungamira mudunhu akaisa mari mukuvaka nzvimbo nyowani dzekuchengetera mbatatisi nemamiriro ekunze uye masisitimu ekugadzirisa, uye vakatenga michina yekurongedza, kuchengetedza, kuwacha, kupepeta uye kurongedza mbatatisi.
Mienzaniso inosanganisira Latkin LLC yedunhu reArzamas, pahwaro hwacho pane nzvimbo yemazuva ano yekuchengetera matani zviuru makumi maviri zvembatatisi, Agrotrade Company LLC, STEK LLC yedunhu reBogorodsky (nzvimbo yekuchengetera zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu zvematani), Axentis LLC yeGorodetsky. dunhu (kukwanisa kuchengetedza 20 zviuru matani nerabhoritari). AFG National Nizhny Novgorod LLC iri kuvaka nzvimbo itsva yekuchengetera ine huwandu hwematani 25 mudunhu reLukoyanovsky.
Kazhinji, munharaunda yeNizhny Novgorod kune nzvimbo dzekuchengetera mbatatisi dzine huwandu hwe568 zviuru matani. Kune nzvimbo dzekuchengetera mbatatisi dzakavakwa mu60s yezana ramakore rapfuura inoda kuvakwa kukuru.
Advanced mapurazi
Mabhizimusi makuru ezvekurima nemapurazi evarimi anoshanda mudunhu iri. Mamiriro ezvinhu akakosha ekufambisa kwavo kumberi ishanduko yekugadzira maindasitiri, vachishandisa sainzi uye tekinoroji kugona kweindasitiri uye maitiro akanakisa emabhizinesi akabudirira kwazvo munzvimbo ino.
LLC "Latkin" (Arzamas dunhu)
Nzvimbo yakadyarwa yembatatisi muna 2015 yaive mahekita 1400, goho rakakura raive 50,4 zviuru zvematani neavhareji goho re360 c/ha. Iyo purazi yakaunza tekinoroji yekugadzira mbatatisi yeDutch. Kumisikidzwa kwemadiridziro kwakatengwa ndokuiswa munzvimbo ine mahekita mazana mana, izvo zvinobvumira kuwedzera goho rembatatisi ne400%. Michina yemazuva ano nemidziyo inoshandiswa, kusanganisira inozvifambisa inokohwa mbatatisi. Muna 50, nzvimbo yekuchengetera mbatatisi ine zvinangwa zvakawanda ine inodzorwa microclimate ine huwandu hwe2010 matani yakaiswa zvizere kushanda. Nzvimbo yekuchengetera mbatatisi ine workshop yekuwacha, kupepeta nekurongedza zvigadzirwa, zvimwe zvacho zvinogadzirwa muvacuum packaging. Muna 20, michina yakaoma yakatengwa ikatanga kushanda, iyo inosanganisira kuwacha, kupukuta, uye kurongedza mbatatisi mumapasuru madiki (000-2014 kilogiramu) inokwana matani makumi mana paawa. Iyo purazi ine 2 mbatatisi yekuchengetera nzvimbo ine huwandu hwekuchengetedza huwandu hwe3 zviuru matani, kusanganisira 40 zviuru zvematani emidziyo yekuchengetedza uye zviuru zvitatu zvematani ane midziyo yefiriji.
Aksentis LLC (dunhu reGorodetsky)
Muna 2015, mahekita mazana mashanu embatatisi akadyarwa papurazi. 500 zviuru zvematani embatatisi akagadzirwa ane avhareji goho re21,9 c/ha. Izvi zvinotevera zvakavakwa uye zviri kushanda: yakaoma yekutengeserana mbatatisi nzvimbo dzekuchengetera dzine huwandu hwekuchengetera huwandu hwematani zviuru gumi neshanu, ine tekinoroji corridor (yekurongedza mbatatisi dzekutengesa) ine nzvimbo ye438 zviuru sq.m. ; yakaoma yemidziyo-yemhando yekuchengetera mhodzi dzembatatisi dzepakutanga uye dzepamusoro dzine huwandu hwematani anopfuura zviuru zvina nemazana mashanu; chivakwa cherabhoritari yekuparadzira mbatatisi mini-tubers.
TNV "Mir" Yashchenko A.V. uye kambani" (Gorodetsky dunhu)
Nzvimbo yakadyarwa yembatatisi muna 2015 yaive mahekita mazana mana nemakumi manomwe, goho rakakura raive 470 zviuru zvematani neavhareji goho re19,2 c/ha. Kune zvinomwe zvekuchengetedza mbatatisi zvine huwandu hwe409,3 zviuru matani.
LLC "PC "Nizhny Novgorod Potato System" (Shatkovsky dunhu)
Nzvimbo yakadyarwa yembatatisi muna 2015 yaive mahekita mazana matatu, goho rakakura raive 300 zviuru zvematani neavhareji goho re14,8 c/ha. Iyo yakazara yekuchengetedza vhoriyamu ndeye 494,4 zviuru matani.
LLC "Zhniva" (Arzamas dunhu)
Nzvimbo yakadyarwa yembatatisi muna 2015 yaive mahekita mazana maviri nemakumi mapfumbamwe, goho rakakura raive 290 zviuru zvematani neavhareji goho re14,5 c/ha. Kune zvishanu zvivakwa zvekuchengetera mbatatisi zvine huwandu hwematani zviuru gumi nezvina nemazana mashanu, kusanganisira 500 zviuru zvematani emidziyo yekuchengetera uye zviuru zvitatu zvematani nemidziyo yefiriji.
Agrofirma Iskra LLC (Bogorodsky district)
Nzvimbo yakadyarwa yembatatisi muna 2015 yaive mahekita mazana mana nemakumi mashanu, goho rakakura raive 450 zviuru matani neavhareji goho re11,9 c/ha. Kune zvishanu zvivakwa zvekuchengetera mbatatisi zvine huwandu hwematani zviuru gumi nemana. Nzvimbo yekuchengetedza ine simba re 264 zviuru zvetani inogadzirwa nefiriji. Iri ibhizimusi rekukura mbeu reRed Scarlett mbatatisi.
LLC "FH Yalina A.P." (Arzamas district)
Nzvimbo yakadyarwa yembatatisi muna 2015 yaive mahekita zana nemakumi mashanu, goho rakakura raive 150 zviuru matani ane avhareji goho re7,2 c/ha. Kune nzvimbo mbiri dzekuchengetera mbatatisi dzine huwandu hwekuchengetera hunosvika zviuru zvinomwe zvematani, kusanganisira mazana mashanu ematani emidziyo yekuchengetera uye mazana mashanu ematani ane midziyo yefiriji.
Collective purazi "Red Lighthouse" (Gorodetsky dunhu)
Nzvimbo yakadyarwa yembatatisi muna 2015 yaive 160 hectares, goho rose raive 6,4 zviuru zvematani neavhareji goho re400 c/ha. Kune zvishanu zvivakwa zvekuchengetera mbatatisi zvine huwandu hwe4,5 zviuru matani. Iri ibhizimusi rekurima mbatatisi uye zvirimwa zvezviyo.
LLC Labzin S.A. (Arzamas district)
Nzvimbo yakadyarwa yembatatisi muna 2015 yaive 100 mahekita, goho rakakura raive 4,5 zviuru matani ane avhareji goho re450 c/ha. Iyo purazi ine zvivakwa zvina zvekuchengetera mbatatisi ine huwandu hwese hwekuchengetera matani zviuru zvinomwe, kusanganisira 7 zviuru matani emidziyo yekuchengetedza uye 1 zviuru matani ane midziyo yefiriji.
Varimi purazi Vizgunov K.V. (Spassky district)
Nzvimbo yakadyarwa yembatatisi muna 2015 yaive mahekita makumi masere, goho rakakura raive 80 zviuru zvematani neavhareji goho re3,6 c/ha. Iyo yese yekuchengetedza inokwana zviuru gumi matani.
Kuvandudzwa kwemabhizinesi akadai kunoita kuti zvikwanise kugadzirisa kwete chete nyaya dzekuchengetedzeka kwechikafu nembatatisi yemhando yepamusoro ine hushamwari, asiwo nyaya dzebudiriro yekumaruwa. Uku ndiko kusikwa kwemabasa, mibairo yakakwira, kuvandudzwa kwenharaunda yemusha, kudzorwa kwemitengo yezvinhu zvakakosha zvekudya.
Zvirongwa uye zvinotarisirwa zve2016
Muna 2016, chirongwa che "Development of reclamation of farming land in the Nizhny Novgorod region for 2016-2020" yakatanga kushanda munharaunda yeNizhny Novgorod. Sechikamu chechirongwa ichi, gore rino zvakarongwa kuwedzera nzvimbo iri pasi pembatatisi nemiriwo nekuda kweminda yekudiridza nemahekita 3116 uye kuwana matani anopfuura zviuru makumi mana neshanu ematapi nemiriwo pasi pekudiridza.
Sezvinozivikanwa, goho rezvigadzirwa kubva kuminda yekurima yekudiridza zvakapetwa ka2,5 kupfuura kubva munzvimbo dzakafanana pasina kudiridza, uye kugadzirwa kwevashandi uye kugona kwekushandisa zvisikwa uye zvinhu uye zvehunyanzvi zviwanikwa, kusanganisira fetiraiza, kuwedzera kaviri kusvika katatu. Goho rembatatisi rinowedzera ne1,5-2 nguva uye rinosvika 450-600 centner pahekita, miriwo - katatu uye inosvika 300 centner pahekita. Somugumisiro, kuiswa kwekudiridza kunotungamirira kuderedzwa kwemutengo wezvinhu zvekupedzisira mutengi.
Uye zvakare, kutarisisa kwakawanda mudunhu kunobhadharwa kugadzirisa matambudziko echizvino-zvino uye kuvaka kwembatatisi uye miriwo yekuchengetedza zvivakwa zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvemazuva ano zvinodiwa. Izvi zvinofambiswa nechirongwa chemubatanidzwa chekuvandudza uye kuvakazve nzvimbo dzekuchengetera mbatatisi nemiriwo, greenhouse complex pamwe nemari yemubatanidzwa kubva kubhajeti redunhu. Gore rino, zvakarongwa kugovera anenge 10,0 miriyoni rubles kubva kudunhu bhajeti rezviitiko izvi.
Zvinhu zvakagadzirirwa Ministry of Agriculture yeNizhny Novgorod Region