Territory: 1 sq. km
Population: 3 vanhu, vacho 723% vagari veguta.
Nzvimbo: Iyo Tyumen dunhu iri muWestern Siberia. Inogumira: kumaodzanyemba - neKazakhstan, kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero - nenharaunda yeKurgan, kumadokero - nedunhu reSverdlovsk, kuchamhembe - neKhanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, kumabvazuva - nenzvimbo dzeTomsk neOmsk.
Mamiriro okunze: zvine mutsindo kondinendi, ine tembiricha yemhepo yakaderera munguva yechando, mhepo dzakanyanya uye hunyoro hwakanyanya muzhizha. Huru hunosarudzika maficha ari kure kubva kuAtlantic Ocean, iwo mukurumbira wemapani, akavhurika kupinda mukati memhepo inotonhora yeArctic nemhepo inodziya kubva kuCentral Asia.
Kupisa kwakanyanya kwaNdira kunosvika -29 ° C, Chikunguru: + 18 ° C. Pakati penharaunda, January tembiricha iri: -23 ° С, Chikunguru: + 16-18 ° С; kumaodzanyemba -19-17 ° C muna Ndira, + 19 ° C muna Chikunguru. Precipitation inodonha kubva pamazana mazana maviri kusvika pamakumi matanhatu mm.
Permafrost yakapararira kuchamhembe. Mwaka wekukura mazuva makumi mashanu neshanu.
Relief: Dunhu rinogara mazhinji eWest Siberian Plain. Kumadokero, mukati meruwa, kune makamuri ekumaodzanyemba kweNorthern, Subpolar (kukwirira kusvika 1895 m, Mount Narodnaya) nePolar Urals. Chikamu chebani chakanyanyisa kugomba, nenhamba huru yemadziva.
Denga: inonyanya kufarirwa yenharaunda isoddy-zvishoma podzolic; grey sango rakarungwa; dema grey sango malt gley; mafashama emvura meadow-chernozem yakagadziriswa; meadow-marsh.
Muzhinji, dunhu rinoonekwa nekuchinja kwakawanda kwenzvimbo dzevhu mune imwe nzvimbo yakadzikira. Izvi zvinonyanya kutaurwa musango-steppe zone.
Chinhu chakakosha kwazvo muvhu remusango-teru renharaunda yeTyumen munyu. Zonal chernozem ivhu rinosanganisira meadow solonetzes, sod solonetzes, meadow solonchaks, meadow-bog ivhu, nezvimwewo Mugove weivhu iri mumakomputa unogona kusvika 30-50%. Ivhu remafashama ebani remipata yemakungwa rakaomararawo. Mafashama evhu akapararira - meadow, meadow-layered uye meadow alluvial.
Nzvimbo yekurima: 2 920,7 thous. Ha.
Nzvimbo yeTyumen inozivikanwa neyakaoma mamiriro ekunze, asi panguva imwechete, ivo vanogona kubudirira kukura mbatatisi uye kupa zvakakwana huwandu hwevanhu venharaunda nechikafu.
Kugadzira mbatatisi mudunhu kunoitwa nemabhizimusi ekurima makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu. Vanogashira anosvika makumi mana muzana ezve chigadzirwa chakakura kukura mudunhu. Kukohwewa kwegore rose kwamatatata mune indasitiri inodarika mazana mazana maviri ematani.
Nekudaro, muna 2018, mahekita mazana masere nemakumi masere nemapfumbamwe emakumi matatu embatata yakasimwa, matani zviuru makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe ezviuru zvekukohwiwa zvakawanikwa nemuchero we 8 ha
Kuenzanisa: muna 2017, nzvimbo yakadyarwa yaive padanho remakumi masere nemazana manomwe emazana mahekita, 8,7 zviuru zvematani akakohwewa neyakaenzana goho 231,4 kg / ha. Muna 262,7, mbatatisi mumaindasitiri yakasimwa pa2016 zviuru mahekita, goho rakakura raisvika zviuru zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu, goho repakati: 9,6 kg / ha.
Mhando dzakakurumbira dzakasimwa mudunhu iri: Rosara, Red Scarlett, Gala, Evolution, Impala, Tuleevsky, Brook, nezvimwe.
Vanogadzira mbatatisi makuru mudunhu iri ndeyeAgrofirm KRiMM LLC, Peasant Farm Druzhba LLC, Yasen-Agro LLC. Ivo vese vanoshanda zvinoenderana nemazuvano emhando yepamusoro nzira, idzo dzinobvumira kuwana goho repamusoro muUrials Federal District.
Muna 2019, vagadziri vezvekurima veTyumen vakadyara mbatatisi munzvimbo inenge mahekita mazana masere nemazana matanhatu. Nzvimbo huru dzekurima: Armizonsky, Nizhnetavdinsky, Tyumensky, Uporovsky, Yurginsky, Yalutorovsky, Yarkovsky, pamwe neGolyshmanovsky neZavodoukovsky matunhu emumaguta. Kukohwa kwakatanga mumazuva gumi ekutanga aNyamavhuvhu (pakazogadzirwa chinyorwa - 8/600/6.08.19 - mbatatisi dzakakohwewa kubva kumahekita makumi mana. Negoho remakumi matatu nemakumi matatu nematanhatu pahekita, goho rakakura raive rinenge chiuru chimwe nechidimbu chematani).
Chibereko chinoguma chinotengeswa mudunhu renharaunda (kuitira kudyiwa mukati memakiromita 130-135 zviuru zvematani), uye zvinopihwawo kune vavakidzani (kuKhanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, kunzvimbo dzeYamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Chelyabinsk neSverdlovsk). Kunze kwenyika kunoitwawo kuKazakhstan, Azerbaijan neUzbekistan.
SANGANO RAPOTATO
Nekutora chikamu bhajeti redunhu, akati wandei mbatatisi akaiswa mudunhu, akashongedzerwa neazvino nzira yekuchengetedza otomatiki kuchengetedza paramita. Izvo zvinoshandiswa uye hunyanzvi hwaro hwemabhizimusi anoshanda mukurima nekuchengetedza mbatatisi yakaitwa yechizvino. Michina iripo yezvirimwa nematirakita yakatsiviwa neinonyanya kuvimbika uye akanyanya kuita-ayo. Iko kushandiswa kwebhuku remanyorero kunoderedzwa.
Mbatatisi inokura mudunhu iri inotsigirwawo nenzira yekudzorera chikamu chemutengo wekutenga zvimedu zvembeu dzakasarudzika, pamwe nemubhadharo wechikamu chemitengo yekumisikidza uye phosphorizing yeasidhi acidic yakagadzirirwa kudyara mbatatisi.
Sarudzo uye SEEDING
Kuberekerwa mbatatisi mudunhu kunoitwa nemasayendisiti kubva kuGAU yekuNorth Trans-Urals uye yeSainzi Research Institute yekurima Sayenzi yeiyo Northern Trans-Urals. Mune runyorwa rwezvazvino zvichiitika, mumwe anogona kucherechedza akasiyana akanzi mushure meSout Nikolai Kuznetsov, akagadzirwa muna 2016 nevaberekesi veyunivhesiti yekurima. Iyi mbatatisi inogadziriswa zvakakwana kune mamiriro eSiberia uye inopa goho rakanaka rese mumamiriro ekunaya uye munguva yekudiridzira mvura; mhando inopesana nezvirwere zvakawanda, inomira kunze nekunaka kwayo uye haina kusviba mushure mekuchenesa, ingave mbishi kana yakabikwa.
Iyo Agrarian University ine laboratori yekusarudza mbatatisi. Kubva 2018, nyanzvi dzayo dzave kutora chikamu muchirongwa chakazara chesainzi nehunyanzvi: "Kubereka, kugadzirwa kwembeu uye kugadzirisa kwemakwikwi emhando dzakasiyana dzemapatato mudunhu reTyumen" pamwechete nemutengi weprojekiti - LLC "Agrofirma KRiMM". Nhasi, vatori vechirongwa vakatarisana nebasa rekugadzira uye kuunza kumusika mhando mbiri nyowani dzesarudzo yemuno yematapiri. Iyo purojekiti ichapedzwa kusvika muna 2025.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti ichi hachisi chiitiko chekutanga chekutora chikamu mukuberekesa basa rekambani yekurima "KRiMM". Nyanzvi dzekambani pamwe neUralNI-IKH (muchengeti - Chiremba wezveSainzi Sayenzi E.P Shanina) vakagadzira mhando dzakasiyana dzembatatisi (Lux, Otrada, Bravo, Mishka, Miner), ayo akaverengerwa muRejista yeHurumende yeBreeding Achievements.
Agrofirm “KRiMM” inobata zvakare nekutanga kugadzirwa kwembeu, ine iyo nyowani yayo yekugadzira gadzira isina hutachiona mbeu mbatatata pane meristem. Iyo kambani ndeimwe yevatungamiriri vatatu muRussia maringe nekugadzirwa kwembeu mbatatisi. Iyo kambani yekurima inoendesa zviyo zvembeu kumapurazi edunhu uye kune mamwe matunhu: kubva kuKrasnodar kusvika Khabarovsk, pamwe nenyika dzakavakidzana.
Kutarisirwa kwakawanda kunobhadharwa mukusimudzirwa kwekugadzirwa kwembeu uye mamwe mapurazi edunhu. Pakati pavo, purazi remurombo "Hushamwari", ichiitisa basa rembeu padhuze neAgrotechnological Institute yeGAU yekuNorthern Trans-Urals. Munda wekuyedza wagadzirwa kupurazi, basa rekubatanidza rekubereka riri kuenderera, mhando nyowani dziri kudzidziswa.
KUSVIRA
Mwaka uno, mbesa inogadzira mbatatisi yakavakwa naAgrofirm KRiMM LLC ichapihwa mudunhu reTyumen. Iyi ndeimwe yemabasa makuru ekudyara mari mudunhu, inoitwa nerutsigiro rwematunhu nekutonga dunhu reUpovovsky.
Iko kurongeka kwekugona kwebhizimusi iri zviuru zviuru makumi matatu zvematani mbishi pagore. Kugovera kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasvibirira, kubata kwekurima kwakawedzera nzvimbo yekurima mbatatisi.
Iyo simiti ichashanda mukugadzira kwezvinhu zvakagadzirirwa musika weRussia: mbatatisi yakabikwa hafu-yakabikwa nezvakawedzerwa zvakasarudzika, pamwe neyakagadziriswa, yakacheneswa, yakachekwa yakachekwa yakatemwa mbatata. Kuiswa kwemazana mazana mana emakirogiramu, maviri nehafu uye mashanu emakirogiramu kunobvumira kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvakapetwa zviri zviviri mukicheni yekumba uye munzvimbo dzekudyara, kusanganisira muminda yechikoro pamwe neyechechi. Izvo zvakarongwa kuti pagore kambani inogadzira matani zviuru gumi nezvishanu zvezvigadzirwa zvakapera.
Parizvino, kutumira kuri kuenderera pachigadzirwa.
Reclamation pamusoro
Yakakura-pamwero yekumutsidzira basa muTyumen nharaunda yakatanga muma50 ezana ramakore rapfuura. Na1992, anodarika zana nemakumi matanhatu ekugadzirisa mashandiro aive akavakwa nekudzoserwa mudunhu. Iyo nzvimbo yemadiridziro epurazi yaive 120 zviuru mahekita, yakadururwa ivhu - 12,4 zviuru mahekita. Zvino kwakauya nguva yakareba yekushomeka.
Pakazosvika gore ra2014, nzvimbo yemadiridziro mudunhu reTyumen yaive mahekita 3, inova inenge 910% yezvirimwa zvese zvembatatisi nemiriwo zviri mumasangano ezvekurima, vamwe vanamuzvinabhizimusi nemapurazi evarimi. Panguva imwecheteyo, mwero wekudzikira kwemaitiro ekudzoreredza munzvimbo zhinji akapfuura 37%.
Dunhu iri, iro riri kuita basa rekurima zvakatarisana, rakatarisana nemubvunzo wekudiwa kwekudzosera madiridziro nemadiridziro.
Chirongwa chakabatanidzwa chekuti "Kuvandudza Nyika Kudzorerwazve Kwekurima kweRussia kwa2014 kusvika 2020" kunobatsira nhasi kupedza dambudziko. uye chirongwa chematunhu chekuvandudza kudzokorodza kwepasi mudunhu reTyumen, rave kushanda kubvira 2016.
Ichishandisa chirongwa chekudyara chinangwa mudunhu, Kukushkinskaya drainage system yematani mahekita zviuru zviviri yakaiswa mukushanda, maererano nechirongwa chedunhu, masisitimu ekudiridza akaiswa panzvimbo inopfuura mazana masere mahekita muKRiMM femu yekurima. Kunobva mvura yeminda mitsva inodiridzwa ndiyo sosi paRwizi rweChernaya, iyo yakavakwa kare.
KUDZIDZISA
Munzvimbo yeTyumen, mune vatori vechikamu vanomwe vechikamu chedzidzo yezvekurima: ndiyo State Agrarian University uye matanhatu emakoreji ezvekurima: Tobolsk naIshim multidisciplinary makoji, Golyshmanovsky agro-pedagogical koreji, agrotechnological koreji yeYalutorovsk, Tyumen masango koreji uye Zavodoukovsky agroindustrial.
Iyo State Agrarian University of Northern Trans-Urals inzvimbo yedunhu yebasa redzidzo, rutsigiro rwesainzi uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvepamusoro-soro zvigadzirwa mubazi rezvekurima.
Vanopfuura 4500 vadzidzi nevadzidzi vari kudzidza kuyunivhesiti mune yakazara-nguva, yebasa uye yenguva-pfupi mafomu ekudzidza kumasangano mashanu:
- Agricultural Technology Institute (ATI)
- Institute of Mechanics uye Technology (MIT)
- Institute of Biotechnology uye Veterinary Medicine (IB uye BM)
- Sangano reDzidzo Yekure (IDO)
- Institute for Advanced Study uye Kudzokorora kweVashandi (IPC nePC)
Vadzidzi veYunivhesiti vanodzidziswa zvinoshanda uye vanodzidza kumabhizimusi anotungamira akadai seYubileiny yekudyara purazi, KRiMM femu yekurima, uye Evika-Agro.
MARI YEMABHUKU
Muna 2011, mudunhu reUporovsky mudunhu reTyumen, varimi vemunzvimbo iyi vakavaka chiumbwa chembatatisi kune mbatatisi yeZekura akasiyana. Iyo monument mbatata yemamita maviri. Chiyeuchidzo kune iyo uporovskaya agrofirm "KRiMM" yakagadzikwa.
Zvinyorwa zvacho zvakagadziriswa neDhipatimendi rezvicherwa-maindasitiri akaomesesa enzvimbo yeTyumen