Territory: 60 sq. km
Population: 643,3 zviuru zvevanhu, pairi 72,2% vagari veguta.
Nzvimbo: kumaodzanyemba inoganhurana nedunhu reIvanovo, kumadokero - padunhu reYaroslavl, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero nekuchamhembe - kunharaunda yeVologda, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva nekumabvazuva - kudunhu reKirov, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva - kuNizhny Novgorod.
Mamiriro okunze: inodziya kondinendi, ine inotonhora inodziya uye inotonhora chando mwaka. Ivhareji tembiricha muna Ndira ndeye -12 ° C, muna Chikunguru + 18 ° C. Kunaya: 550-600 mm pagore (huwandu - muzhizha). Mwaka wekukura mazuva 110-140.
Relief: iyo nharaunda iri munzvimbo yepakati yeEast Europe Plain. Kumadokero, nenzira yekuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba, iyo Galich-Chukhloma Upland inotambanuka. Iyo spurs yeNorth Ridges inopinda kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva chikamu, ichishanda senzvimbo yekugezesa yeVolga neNorth Dvina mabheseni erwizi. Nharaunda yacho zvakare ine nzvimbo dzakadzika dzakadzika: Kostroma, Unzhenskaya uye Vetluzhskaya.
Denga: inotongwa nesod-podzolic, yakajeka uye yepakati loamy magadzirirwo, anozivikanwa neakaderera echisimba kubereka: 68,4% yenyika inorimika ine yakaderera kwazvo uye yakaderera humus zvemukati. Iyo inorema avhareji humus zvemukati ndeye 1,9% (data kubva muchinyorwa cheHurumende Chirongwa cheKostroma dunhu "Kubudirira kwekurima uye kudzora misika yezvigadzirwa zvekurima, mbishi zvigadzirwa uye chikafu mudunhu reKostroma", 2018). Nzvimbo dzakakura dzevhu dzakazara nemvura, dzakazara mvura, dzakazara nematombo. Chikamu chevhu chine acidic uye chinoda kudzikiswa.
Sekureva kwaRosreestr, kubva munaNdira 1, 2019, nzvimbo yevhu yekurima ndeye 1964,5 zviuru mahekita, ayo ivhu rekurima - 859,8 zviuru mahekita (43,8%), ivhu rinorimwa - 597,9 zviuru mahekita.
Iyo agro-indasitiri yakaoma yeKostroma dunhu ndeimwe yezvikamu zvakakosha zvehupfumi hwedunhu. Zvekurima mudunhu rino zvine chekuita nekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa uye wemukaka uye wekubereka mombe. Mugove wezvipfuyo mune goho rose reindasitiri iri 56%, mugove wekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa ndi44%.
Mbatatisi itsika yechinyakare yedunhu, kunyangwe isiri yakanyanya kuwanda. Zvakangodaro, sekureva kwaKostromastat, kuzvigadzirira kwenzvimbo mumatatata mu2019 yaive 97%.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti huwandu hwembatatisi (ingangoita 87%) hwakasimwa padzimba dzega. Asi kubva 2014, pakave nekuwedzera kwakatsiga munzvimbo iri pasi pembatatisi mumaindasitiri.
Kufarira kwetsika pakati pevarimi vekurima kwakatsigirwa nedhipatimendi rezve agro-maindasitiri akaoma enharaunda yeKostroma, yaunza chirongwa chebazi "Kukwidziridzwa kwekugadzirwa nekugadziriswa kwembatatisi mudunhu reKostroma ra2015-2017." Nekuda kwechirongwa ichi, varimi vembatatisi vanogona kuwana rubatsiro kubva kubhajeti yedunhu kuti vadzorere chikamu chemitengo yekuvaka uye kuvakazve nzvimbo dzekuchengetera mbatatisi, kugadzirisa nekugadzira mabhizinesi.
Huwandu hwemaunganidzwa akakomba hwakawedzerawo mune zvakawandisa, kunyange hazvo mune mamwe makore mhedzisiro yekupedzisira yakakanganiswa nezvinhu zvekunze, kunyanya mamiriro ekunze.
Saka, 2017 rakave rakaoma gore, nekuda kwemvura, mushandirapamwe wekukohwa wakatanga vhiki nhatu mushure menguva dzose, izvo zvaisagona asi kukanganisa huwandu hwegoho. Asi muna 2018, zvisikwa zvaive padivi pevarimi vembatatisi, uye ivo vakakohwa rekodhi kukohwa - 38,5 zviuru ematani.
Mhando huru dzakarimwa mudunhu (sekureva kwePotato Union yeRussia Federation, 2018): Meteor, Impala, Madame, Zhukovsky kutanga, Nevsky, Red Scarlett, Udacha, Skarb, Pirol, Gala, Valiza, Vega, Merlot, Kibits, Adret- ta, Inara, Innovator, Wendy, Volat, Manifesto, Alvara, Safiya, Vectar Belarusian, Yanka, Damaris, Zhigulevsky, Breeze, Zorachka, Uladar, Zhuravinka, Lileya Belorussian, Estrella, Dolphin, Molly, Lyubava, Krepysh, Aurora, Handsome, Bhuruu, Nakra.
Zvinoenderana nedhata rebazi reKostroma reFederal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr", mapurazi makumi matanhatu nematanhatu enzvimbo iyi anobatanidzwa mumushandirapamwe wekukohwa mbatatisi wa2019.
Pakati pevatungamiriri vembatatari munharaunda iyi Viva LLC, Zavolzhskoe CJSC (iri bhizinesi riri kuitawo mukudzidza kwemhando dzakasiyana uye kugadzirwa kwechirimwa chakavimbisa uye chine hungwaru seJerusarema artichoke), Sushchevo LLC, Minskoe LLC, Dream LLC ", LLC" Kostroma Potato ", LLC" Agro-Profi ", LLC" Susaninsky nursery ", SPK" Kolkhoz Rodina ".
MBEU KUDZWA
Dunhu reKostroma inharaunda ine mikana yese yekubudirira kwekugadzirwa kwembeu dzemazamu.
Pakati pezvakanaka ndezvi: yakanaka mamiriro ekunze (kunaya zvakakwana, masikati machena maawa, tembiricha ine mwero muzhizha); yakaderera nzvimbo inotapukira, kusavapo kwemahombekombe makuru.
Iyo Kostroma State Agricultural Academy inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwekutanga kwembesa yekugadzira mbeu mudunhu. Iyo Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, inoshanda kuDhipatimendi reAgrochemistry, Biology uye Kudzivirira Kwezvirimwa kweKSAA, inonyanya kurima microplants, greenhouse minitubers, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwembeu mbatatisi yekutanga chizvarwa chemunda, super-super-elite, superelite. Mbeu yembeu inotengeswa muhupfumi hwedunhu (LLC "Susaninsky nursery", LLC "Agro-Profi") yekuwedzera kubereka, uye inotumirwawo kune vatengi vanobva kune mamwe matunhu eRussia (jogirafi yezvinhu: kubva kuArkhangelsk kuenda kuKrasnodar). Murabhoritari pagore inogadzira anenge zviuru zana nemakumi mashanu emaminitubhu emhando dzembatatisi nekunze.
Kubva 2015, rakabvumirwa rabhoritari yekuongorora hutachiona hwembatatisi yakatanga kushanda pahofisi yebazi reFederal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" mudunhu reKostroma, yaive mhedzisiro yekuedza kwakasimba kwemusoro webazi, E.N. Shaharova. Kubva 2018, iri bazi rave zvakare richiongorora mbeu dzemazamu mbatatisi kubva kumatunhu akasiyana eRussia vachishandisa ivhu rekudzora system Mu2019, bazi rakaronga basa rekugadzirwa kwe greenhouse minitubers.
13 mabhizimusi ekurima ari kuita kugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro mbatatisi mudunhu iri. Mazhinji emapurazi ari munharaunda yeKostroma, Susaninsky neNerekhtsky maruwa.
LLC "Susaninsky kireshi"
Musikana weSuwa raSusinsinsky - Fedor Fedorovich Puzdrya
Ipurazi iri rave kuburitsa mbeu yembatatisi kubvira 2012. Inowanikwa mune yakanaka kwazvo phytosanitary zone. Gore rega rega mabhizinesi anoedza akawanda emhando nyowani uye mahybrids embatatisi (semuenzaniso, mu2019, angangoita zana zana uye angangoita makumi mashanu emahybridi emabumbiro epamba akarimwa uye akadzidzwa muminda yeSusaninsky Nursery). Kubva 100 yakaverengerwa muRejista yemabhizimusi anokura mbeu eKostroma dunhu rembatatisi.
Iyo kambani inogara ichironga masemina evanyanzvi kubva kumabhizimusi akasarudzika ekurima kuitira kuchinjana ruzivo uye kuongorora zvabuda.
LLC "Agro-Profi"
Kostroma Dunhu Musoro - Sergey Kirillovich Bekin
Iyo kambani yakavambwa muna 2006. Idzo nzvimbo hombe dzechiitiko ndedze: kuyedza dzinovimbisa mbatatisi dzakasiyana siyana dzekunze uye dzekunze kusarudzwa; kugadzirwa kwembeu uye ware mbatatisi nemiriwo. Muna 2014, Agro-Profi LLC yakatanga basa rakakura kuronga epakutanga uye nekuwedzera huwandu hwekudyara mhodzi (munzvimbo inochengeterwa zvirimwa munzvimbo yeNerekhta, nekuti, zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirwa kwembeu yezvirimwa, zvaive zvakakodzera kupatsanura mbeu yemazambatata kubva kuzvirimwa zvekudyara). Kubva 2014 yakaverengerwa muRejista yemabhizimusi anorima mbeu eKostroma dunhu rembatatisi.
Pasi pemapurogiramu ehurumende aripo, Susaninsky Nursery LLC neAgroProfi LLC vanowana rutsigiro rwakanaka, nekudaro vakuru vematunhu vanotarisira kuchengetedza mwero wepamusoro wekugadzira mbeu dzembatatisi mumabhizimusi aya.
KUDZIDZISA
Nyanzvi dzepakati-chikamu chezvekurima munharaunda yacho dzakadzidziswa neOGBPOU "Galich Agrarian technical School yeKostroma Dunhu", OGBPOU "Sharya Agrarian technical Chikoro cheKostroma Dunhu" nevamwe.
Unogona kuwana dzidzo yepamusoro muhurongwa hwekurima kuKostroma State Agricultural Academy (Kostroma State Agricultural Academy) - iyo federal state budgetary institution yedzidzo yepamusoro. Yunivhesiti inopa kudzidziswa pamatanhatu matanhatu: Bhizinesi rezvekurima, Zvekuvaka uye Zvekuvaka, Veterinary Medicine uye Mombe, Injiniya neTekinoroji,
Zvehupfumi, Zvemagetsi. Kwemakore makumi manomwe ebasa, yunivhesiti yakadzidzisa nezve zviuru makumi mana zvehunyanzvi.
RUTSIGIRO RWEZVISANGANISO RWEZVINHU ZVEMAZWI
Rutsigiro rweSainzi rwemaindasitiri emuchadenga anoitwa neKostroma State Agricultural Academy uye neKostroma Research Institute yezvekurima. Mune ramangwana, munhu anogona kutarisira kuwedzera kwakakomba mukutsigirwa kwakadaro, sezvo vakuru vehurumende vakasarudza kugadzira pahwaro hweAll-Russian Research Institute yePatato Kurima yakatumidzwa zita reV.I. A.G. Lorkha weFederal Research Center (FRC) yemapatatisi, ayo anosanganisira Kostroma Research Institute yeAguliti pachinzvimbo chebazi reFRC reMbatatisi.
AH, POTATO, POTATO
Kubva 2013, mutambo wekukohwa wepagore wakaitirwa muKostroma dunhu, iro gamba guru rayo, chokwadi, rinogara riri mbatatisi yemunhu wese. Chirongwa chezororo ichi chinosanganisira makwikwi akasiyana siyana (embatatisi isina kujairika uye hombe; yezvigadzirwa zvembatatisi zvakajairika, yezvinhu zvinonakidza kwazvo nezve mbatatisi, zvichingodaro), zviratidzwa nemapoka emimhanzi, zviratidziro zvekudya uye kurongeka kwekutengesa mbatatisi nemiriwo kuruzhinji.