Irina Berg
ZVINOGARA KUZIVIKANWA KUTI KUDYA ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINOTSVAGA HUNHU HWEKUKOHWA KWERAmangwana. ASI ZVINOITA ZVINORATIDZA KUTI KUNYANGE NGUVA ZVAKAgadzikana, HAVASI VOSE VACHIRIMI MATATATA VANOGONA KUPEDZERA MBEWU DZAKANAKA. UYE PASHURE REGORE RASATI, HWERE HWEVARIMI VANOTENGA MAELITE KANA KUTANGA KUBEKERWA MUMUFU UUNOTEVERA IRI KUNGODIKIRA.
MIKANA Mitsva
Mumwaka unouya, kutengwa kwembeu, kunyanya kubereka kwakakwirira, kwakanga kusingakwanisi kumunhu wose.
- Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemari, purazi iri harina kukwanisa kutenga mavhoriyamu anodiwa embeu kwemakore akati wandei. - inosimbisa musoro wepurazi revarimi Vladimir Shipiguzov (Perm region). - Matambudziko emamiriro ekunze muna 2022, goho rakaderera uye matambudziko nekutengesa zvakangowedzera mamiriro ezvinhu. Gore rine njodzi zvechokwadi harina kutibvumira kugadzirira zvizere mwaka mutsva uye kutenga zvese zvatingade kuva nazvo.
Kazhinji vagadziri vanouya kuzonunura vavanoshanda navo, vachitengesa mbeu nemutengo mukuru, muzvikamu kana nekubhadhara kwakarembera.
- Purazi redu rinogadzira kwete ware mbatatisi, asiwo mhodzi dzembatatisi dzinotengeswa, anodaro mukuru wepurazi revarimi Boris Panteleev (Leningrad region). - Anenge matani 400 embeu yokukohwa kutsva aifanira kukwereteswa vanhu vokwavo, avo vakanga vasingakwanisi kubhadhara pakarepo. Takabvumirana kuti mari yacho yaizotambirwa mukudonha, asi hazvizivikanwe kuti vachakwanisa kudzosera mari yese nenguva.
Kuderera kwekudiwa kwembeu yakasimbiswa nevagadziri vayo, uye vamwe vavo vari kutoverenga kurasikirwa pakutanga kwemwaka.
- Tinoshanda munzira dzakawanda, anodaro mukuru wepurazi revarimi "Egorsha" Egor Berezovsky (Nzvimbo yeTula), - Isu tinotengesawo zvinhu zvekudyara zvevagari vemuzhizha uye tinotengesa zvigadzirwa zvidiki zvakaputirwa. Pakave nekudzikira kukuru kwekudiwa kubva muchikamu ichi chevatengi. Chimwe chezvikonzero ndechekuti makambani akazvimirira akawana goho rakanaka muna 2022, masara avakasarudza kushandisa pakudyara. Kana dziri huwandu hukuru hwembeu, kudiwa kwakagadzikana kwakacherechedzwa kubva kune vanogadzira. Asi pano zvakakosha kufunga kuti muchirimo kana muchirimo havana kuwana matambudziko mukutengesa zvigadzirwa zvavo, sevagadziri veware mbatatisi. Uye mitengo yacho yakanga yakakwira zvinooneka.
Vatambi vemusika vakakura vakakwanisa kuchengetedza zvinzvimbo zvavo nekuda kwekubatana kwenguva refu kwebhizinesi uye mwero wepamusoro wekukwikwidza.
- Nekuda kwemitengo yakaderera yembatatisi dzetafura, vamwe vagadziri veRussia vakawana kushomeka kwemari, uye kutengwa kwembeu kwakave kusingaite., - anopedzisa mukuru wedhipatimendi rekutengesa reDoka-Gene Technologies LLC. Eduard Oreshkin (Moscow nharaunda). - Isu tinoziva kubva kune vatengi kuti kune mbeu dzakawanda dzedambudziko pamusika, ndosaka takanzwa kuwanda kwemaodha panguva yekusati yadyarwa. Mbeu yemhando yepamusoro, hongu, ine mari yakakwirira, iyo inokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwemari chaiyo yekurima kwayo, kuchengetedza nekugadzirira. Zvisinei, kune chikamu chikuru, varimi vakatarisa pamigumisiro yepamusoro vakanga vakagadzirira izvi. Naizvozvo, kudiwa kwembeu dzepamusoro kwakaramba kuri pamusoro.
KUBVA KUSUPERELITE KUTI...
Magazini yemagazini yakanga ichigadzirirwa kuti ibudiswe panguva yokukohwa muchirimo. Varimi vembatatisi vakataurira kubva kuminda kuti ndedzipi mhando dzembeu dzakasarudzwa kuti dzidyarwe uye kuti ndedzipi mbeu dzavanofarira.
- Pasinei nematambudziko ese, takangoshandisa zvemhando yepamusoro, - zvinyorwa Boris Panteleev. - Semuenzaniso, pavakadyara mhando yeRed Scarlett, vakatora vepamusoro uye vakasarudzika, Charoit - vepamusoro, mhando Colomba, Primabelle, Bettina - yekutanga kubereka.»
- Mbeu Dzekuberekesa Dzakaderera Ndiri Kufunga Kudyara Munguva Yava Pedyo, "iyi ndiyo yepamusoro uye yekutanga kubereka," anovimbisa mutungamiriri weOOO "OPH "Dary Ordynska" Shakir Suleymanov (Novosibirsk nharaunda). - Isu tinoshanda nemaketani ezvitoro, saka zvinodiwa zvezvigadzirwa zvedu zvakanyanyisa. Hapana chikonzero chekudyara mbeu yehutano hwepakati, nokuti semugumisiro tichawana kukohwa kwakafanana, zvichida kunyange nezvirwere uye zvishoma kudarika zvakakodzera kutengesa. Mumwaka mutsva, takasarudza mhando dzekutanga uye dzekutanga dzembatatisi dzetafura: Colomba, Gala, Rosara, Riviera, Arizona. Uye machipisi: BP 808, Lady Claire.
- Tine marudzi maviri - Red Scarlett uye Gala, - anotsanangura Vladimir Shipiguzov, - asi panguva ino mhodzi dzinenge dziri dzechitatu kuberekana. Muna 2022, kuti tiunze mbatatisi yeRodrigue mukugadzira, takatenga mbeu dzakanaka, dzemhando yepamusoro dzechipiri kubereka. Asi zvese zvatakaedza hazvina maturo, nekuti nekuda kwekusanaya kwemvura zvakanyanya hatina kuwana goho remhando iyi.
ZVINHU ZVINOONEKWA
Munguva dzakaoma, varimi vezvekurima vanotarira kuhurumende kuti vabatsirwe kuitira kuderedza mari yokushandisa. Kuti uvabatsire, matanho ekutsigira anopihwa mukati mehurongwa hwekuitwa kweiyo Subprogram "Development yekusarudza uye kugadzirwa kwembeu yembatatisi muRussian Federation" yeFederal Sayenzi uye Tekinoroji Chirongwa cheKukudziridzwa Kwekurima kwe2017-2030 (FSTP) .
Komiti yeAgro-Industrial and Fishery Complex yeDunhu reLeningrad yakataura kuti dunhu iri riri kuita chirongwa chakazara chesainzi uye tekinoroji "Kugadziridzwa kwemhando itsva dzinovimbisa dzembatatisi dzepamba uye kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekudzivirira biological kuchengetedza mbatatisi kubva kurhizoctonia ine hutachiona hwemukati gadziriro. .” Panguva yekushandiswa kwayo, AgroInter LLC inogadzira mhodzi dzembatatisi dzemhando yepamusoro dzemhando nyowani dzepamba Charoit neGusar. Muna 2021, imwe chiyero cherutsigiro chenyika chakaonekwa semuripo we70% yemitengo yevatengi vembeu dzembatatisi dzakasarudzwa munyika dzakagadzirwa mukati meFNTP.
Nechekare mumwaka unotevera, zviuru mazana masere nemakumi mana ezviuru zveRubles zvakagoverwa kubva kubhajeti redunhu repurazi revarimi reBoris Panteleev nekuda kwezvinangwa izvi.
- Isu tinogovera 10-12 mahekita ekutanga mbatatisi, – murimi anowedzera, – uye pakudyara kwayo muna 2022, takatenga matani makumi matatu embeu yemhando yeCharoit. Kwapera gore, vakadzokorora chiyedzo ichi nemhando yeGusar, vachitenga matani makumi matatu nemanomwe embeu netariro yekudzoserwa 30% yemitengo. Zvechokwadi, kubhadhara kwakadaro kubva kuhurumende kunobatsira varimi. Asi kana vakapa mutengo wakanaka wezvigadzirwa zvedu, taizoita pasina rutsigiro.
Munharaunda yeMoscow, JSC Ozyory, LLC FH SeDeK, LLC Doka-Gene Technologies inobatanidzwa mukushandiswa kweFSTP subprogram. Sekureva kwedunhu reBazi rezvekurima neChikafu, muna 2022, nekuda kwekuedza kwevarimi vemakambani aya, mana emhando dzembatatisi dzakanyoreswa. Mwaka wapera, bhajeti redunhu rakadzosa makumi manomwe muzana emitengo yekutenga zvekurimisa zvemhando yeFlamingo kuJSC Emelyanova Enterprise. Huwandu hwekubatsira hwaisvika 4 zviuru rubles.
Zvisinei, zvakazoitika kuti mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda dzenyika, uko vapepeti vemagazini vakanyorera nechikumbiro, rudzi urwu rwekutsigirwa harushandi, zvichinzi nekuda kwekushaikwa kwevanhu vanoda kuigamuchira.
- Zvinowanzoitika kuti iwe unomhanya kwemavhiki akati wandei, uchipedza nguva yakawanda, tora magwaro akawanda, uye ipapo ivo havangakupi mari, - inotaura nekuzvidemba Egor Berezovsky. - Icho chokwadi ndechekuti kana uchinyorera rubatsiro, mamiriro ekubhadhara ayo anoratidzwa: "Kana mari yebhajeti iripo." Ndiko kuti, iwe hauna kuvimbiswa chero chinhu pamberi. Ndasangana neizvi pachangu uye ndakakurukura nyaya iyi kanopfuura kamwe chete nevatengi vezvinhu zvedu zvembeu. Ndinofunga kuti vanhu vazhinji havachatendi murutsigiro rwehurumende, ndosaka vasingazvinyore.
- Zvinoda kushanda nesimba kuti uwane rubatsiro., - bvuma Eduard Oreshkin. - Haasi ese matunhu eRussia akagadzira pachena mamiriro ekupihwa kwavo; kune zvipingamupinyi zvehutongi. Rutsigiro rwehurumende mukati mehurongwa hweFNTP rwunopihwa mari kubva kumabhajeti ematunhu, asi kwete mumwe nemumwe wavo ane mukana wekugovera mari yekutungamira uku. Kambani yedu, semutori wechikamu muFederal Scientific and Technical Programme yeBudiriro yeMbatatisi Kuberekesa uye Kugadzira Mbeu ye2017-2030, iri kuyedza kubatsira vatengi kuderedza mutoro wavo wemari. Vazhinji vavo vanobudirira kushandisa mukana werubatsiro, asi maitiro ayo achiri kuda kuvandudzwa.
- Rudzi urwu rwerutsigiro runofanirwa kuve rukurudziro yakanaka kune varimi vembatatisi vepamba, - kugutsikana Shakir Suleymanov. - Pamwe nekupa mari yekutengwa kwembeu dzemhando yepamusoro, izvi zvinobatsira indasitiri yese. Uye, nekuwedzera, zvichabatsira mukuenderera mberi kwekuita kweiyo inotsiva inotsiva mutemo. Asi varimi vanotarisira kuti rutsigiro rwehurumende rushande muchokwadi. hupenyu, uye kwete pabepa chete.
ZVEMUMBA
Iyo nhanho yekutsigira yenyika, yakagadzirirwa kukonzera kuwedzera kwechido mumhando dzemumba, haisati yatungamira shanduko huru mumusika. Asi chikamu cheRussia-yakazvarwa mbatatisi yakasimwa ichiri kukura.
- Gore negore tinoderedza kutengesa kwembeu yemhando dzekunze, - inosimbisa maitiro Eduard Oreshkin. - Iye zvino iyi inongova 35% yehuwandu hwekutengesa, pamwero we10-12 zviuru zvetani pamwaka. Shanduko kune marudzi epamba, anoruramiswa nekudiwa kubva kuvarimi, ndiyo zano rekambani yedu. Vagadziri vembatatisi vanogara vachitarisisa zvichangobva kuitika zvekupfuya zvinoonekwa pamusika uye vozviyedza mumamiriro emapurazi avo. Isu tanga tichiona kuwedzera kufarira mumhando dzeRussia kwemakore akati wandei, uye nhasi inotungamira nzvimbo dzekutengesa mumutsara wechigadzirwa chedu inogarwa naPrime, Flamingo naCarmen.
- Kubva 2018, tanga tichikura mhodzi dzemhando dzakasiyana dzetafura Varyag, - Anotaura Egor Berezovsky, - yakakurumbira zvikuru pakati peRussia processors. Pamusana pezvinhu zvayo zvakasiyana, kunze kwezvinangwa zvekudya, zvakakodzera kugadzirwa kweFrench fries.
- Tave tichidyara Charoit neGusar kwemakore akati wandei ikozvino, anodaro Boris Panteleev, - uye pamusoro pemamiriro ekunze emarudzi akasiyana-siyana vanozviratidza kune zvakanaka. Asi ini ndichataura chokwadi kuti sarudzo iyi yakakonzerwa nemukana wekugamuchira mamwe rubatsiro kubva kuhurumende. Tichifunga nezvekubhadharwa kwechikamu chemutengo wekutenga mbeu uye zvevatengi zvemhando dzemhando, ndinogutsikana nazvo.
- Tave nenguva yakareba tichikura Luck, asi mumakore mashoma kudiwa kwayo kwadzikira zvakanyanya nekuti pulp yemachubhu inosviba kana yabikwa., - anogovera ruzivo rwake Vladimir Shipiguzov. - Gore rakapera ndaifanira kuzvirega, kunyange zvazvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshamisa, ndakazvifarira, kusanganisira maererano nezvibereko. Kudiwa kwemhando dzemumba pakati pekupedzisira mutengi kunofanirwa kuramba kwakakwira, saka mapurazi mazhinji achave akagadzirira kudyara mbatatisi dzakadaro.
- Isu tinofarira chaizvo kusarudzwa kwembatatisi yeRussia, inoti Shakir Suleymanov, - Ini ndinofunga kuti gore rinouya kanenge 30-40% yembeu yembeu ichave mhando dzemumba. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuti vane mazano akanaka kubva kune vamwe vanogadzira, uye vanofanira kuratidza kuti vakakodzera mumamiriro ekunze eSiberia. Tinogona kunge tisati tave negoho rakafanana nemhando dzekunze, asi tinogona kuva nechivimbo mune ramangwana. Iko kudiwa kwekumutsidzira kugadzirwa kwembeu yeRussia kwakanonoka; varimi vembatatisi vanofanirwa kutarisa nezvemhando dzakagadzirwa nevarimi vedu. Zvakakosha kuti Russia ive nembeu dzedu dzemhando yepamusoro kuitira kuti tiwane goho, zvisinei nemamiriro akaita zvematongerwo enyika.
TINO VERENGA MUMAZVO
Kuramba kwevarimi vembatatisi kutenga zvinhu zvembeu zvekubereka zvakanyanya hazvizove nemhedzisiro yakanaka pamhando yegoho remangwana. Asi kupfuura zvose, varimi vari kunetseka pamusoro petarisiro yekudzokorora kwemamiriro ezvinhu egore rapera.
- Hapana chakanaka chinofanira kutarisirwa kubva mumwaka mutsva, - zvinoratidza Egor Berezovsky, - sezvo pachine kuwandisa kwembatatisi pamusika.
Avo vasina kukwanisa kuitengesa vari kugadzirira kutora matani anosvika 500, kana kuti kunyange chiuru, mumupata. Uyezve, zvigadzirwa zvinoramba zvichiunzwa munyika kubva kunze kwenyika, semuenzaniso, kwave nenguva ichangoburwa kubva kuEgypt. Kana 2023 ikava gore rinobereka zvibereko, pachava nenjodzi zvakare. Kana goho rikava rakashata, mamiriro emitengo anokwira, asi kunyangwe zvakadaro hatizowana purofiti yakawanda muindasitiri.
- Kwemakore maviri akaoma akatevedzana, - anotaura Vladimir Shipiguzov, - Varimi vembatatisi vePerm vakagamuchira kunyanya machubhu zvikamu zviduku. Kurima minda ine jecha revhu, hatikwanise kurima goho rakanaka mumamiriro ekushayikwa kwemwando, uye kureba kubva kune zvitubu zvemvura hakutibvumidze kuronga madiridziro. Zvinoitika kuti zvisinei nekubereka kwatinodyara, ingave yevakuru kana yepamusoro-soro, mhedzisiro inoenderana zvachose nemamiriro ekunze.
- Kukwira kwemitengo yekurima uye kuderera kwepurofiti hakutenderi varimi vazhinji kuunza mhando nyowani uye kugadzirisa gore negore zvinhu zvekudyara, - zvinyorwa Eduard Oreshkin. - Izvi zvinounza dambudziko rekunonoka kudzikisa goho nemhando yembatatisi dzekutengesa dzavanoburitsa.
- Zviri kuramba zvichinetsa kushanda nekuda kwemutengo wakachipa wezvigadzirwa uye kudiwa kusina kugadzikana, - inofunga Boris Panteleev. - Zviremera zvinogara zvichimanikidza vagadziri vezvokurima, kuti: “Uyai, murime zvakawanda!” Asi zviri pachena kuti nyika haidi huwandu hwakadaro hwembatatisi, uye hapana ari kuverenga zvinodikanwa chaizvo zvevanhu. Hurongwa hwekurima husina kufunga hunokonzera kuwandisa uye kudzikira kwepurofiti yeindasitiri. Vangani varimi vakatoshaya mari nekuda kweizvi, uye vangani vachaparara gore rino...