Zvirimwa zvakarebesa zvakanyanya, zvinokotama kuti zvibvumire kupinda kwechiedza chezuva kune rimwe nerimwe remashizha awo. Pasinei nekuona chiitiko ichi kwemazana emakore, masayendisiti haanyatsochinzwisisi. Iye zvino masayendisiti kuSalk Institute akawana kuti zvinhu zviviri zvezvirimwa - protein PIF7 uye kukura kwehomoni auxin - zvinokonzeresa zvinokurumidza kukura kana zvirimwa zviri mumumvuri uye zvichiratidzwa kune tembiricha yakanyanya panguva imwe chete. webhusaiti yepamutemo yeInstitute.
Zvakawanikwa, zvakaburitswa mupepanhau Nature Communications muna Nyamavhuvhu 29, 2022, zvichabatsira masayendisiti kufanotaura kuti zvidyarwa zvichapindura sei nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuwedzera goho kunyangwe kudziya kwepasi kunokuvadza zvirimwa.
"Parizvino, tiri kurima zvirimwa pamwero wakati, asi mhedzisiro yedu inoratidza kuti isu tichada kudzikisa densi kuti tikwanise kukura kwechirimwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze," anodaro munyori mukuru Muzvinafundo Joanne Chory, director weSalk Institute's Plant Molecular. uye Cell Biology Laboratory naHoward, muongorori paHughes Medical Institute. "Kunzwisisa mamorekuru ekuti zvirimwa zvinopindura sei kuchiedza uye tembiricha zvinotitendera kuti tigadzirise density yekudyara kuti tibudise goho rakanaka."
Panguva yekumera, mbesa dzinokurumidza kurebesa dzinde kuti dzipinde muvhu uye kutora chiedza chezuva nekukurumidza. Kazhinji, dzinde rinononoka kukura kwayo mushure mekusangana nechiedza chezuva. Asi dzinde rinokwanisa kurebesa zvakare kana chirimwa chikakwikwidzana nemiti yakakomberedza chiedza chezuva kana kuwedzera chinhambwe pakati pevhu rinopisa nemashizha echirimwa nekuda kwekukwira kwetembiricha. Nepo ese ari maviri mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza - shading uye tembiricha yakakwira - inosimudzira stem kukura, inoderedzawo goho.
Muchidzidzo ichi, masayendisiti akafananidza zvirimwa zvinokura mumumvuri uye tembiricha inodziya panguva imwe chete - mamiriro anotevedzera kusimba kwekudyara uye kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Masayendisiti akashandisa chimiro chechirimwa Arabidopsis thaliana, pamwe nematomatisi uye hama yepedyo yefodya, nekuti vaifarira kuona kana marudzi ese matatu emiti akakanganiswa zvakaenzana nemamiriro ekunze aya.
Muzvipenyu zvose zvitatu, boka revatsvakurudzi rakaona kuti zvirimwa zvakakura zvakanyanya pavakaedza panguva imwe chete kudzivisa mumvuri wakagadzirwa nemiti yakavakidzana uye vakaiswa kune tembiricha yepamusoro. Payero yemamorekuru, vaongorori vakawana kuti PIF7 transcription factor, protein inobatsira kushandura majini nekudzima, yakabatsira kuwedzera kukura. Vakaonawo kuti mazinga eauxin, hormone yekukura, yakawedzera apo zvirimwa zvakawana zvidyarwa zvakavakidzana, izvo zvakasimudzira kukura mukupindura panguva imwe chete yakakwirira tembiricha. Iyi synergistic PIF7-auxin nzira yakabvumira zvirimwa kuti zvipindure kune zvakatipoteredza uye zvigadzirise mukutsvaga mamiriro ekukura akanakisa.
Chinhu chine hukama chekunyora, PIF4, chakakurudzirawo kureba kwedzinde pakupisa kwakanyanya. Nekudaro, nekubatanidzwa kwemumvuri uye tembiricha yakakwira, chinhu ichi hachina kuita basa rakakosha.
"Takashamiswa kuona kuti PIF4 haina basa rakakosha nekuti zvidzidzo zvekare zvakaratidza kukosha kwechinhu ichi mumamiriro ekukura ane hukama," anodaro munyori wekutanga wekudzidza Yogev Burko, mumwe muongorori paSalk Institute uye purofesa wepachikoro. Sangano reKutsvaga Zvekurima kuIsrael Volcanoes Institute. "Nyaya yekuti PIF7 ndiyo inotungamira kukura kwechirimwa ichi chakashamisa chaizvo. Neruzivo rutsva urwu, tinotarisira kugadzirisa kukura kwembesa dzakasiyana-siyana kuti zvibatsire kuenderana nekusanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.”
Vatsvagiri vanotenda kuti pane chimwe chinhu chisati chawanikwa chinokudza mhedzisiro yePIF7 uye auxin. Vanotarisira kuongorora chinhu ichi chisingazivikanwe mune zvidzidzo zvenguva yemberi. Berko's lab ichadzidzawo kuti nzira iyi inogona kuvandudzwa sei muzvirimwa.
"Kupisa kwepasi rose kuri kuwedzera, saka tinoda zvirimwa zvekudya zvinogona kukura mumamiriro ezvinhu matsva aya," anodaro Chori, mutevedzeri weSalk Plant Use Initiative naHoward H. naMaryam R. Newman Chair vePlant Biology. “Takaona zvinhu zvakakosha zvinotungamira kukura kwezvirimwa patembiricha yakakwira, izvo zvichatibatsira kurima mbesa dzine pundutso kuti tipe zvizvarwa zvinotevera.