Timiryazev Academy ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzinotungamira dzekuberekesa zvirimwa zvekurima muRussia. Mazana emhando dzinobereka zvakanyanya uye dzinopesana nezvirwere zvezviyo, michero, miriwo uye zvimwe zvirimwa zvekurima zvakagadzirwa pano. zvirimwa Mukuru weDhipatimendi reBotany, Kubereka, Kukura Kwembeu uye Bindu Zvirimwa, Socrates Monakhos, akataura pamusoro pekuti basa rekugadzira zvirimwa zvakadaro rakaitwa sei mukubudiswa kutsva kwepurogiramu yevhidhiyo "MAGnit: Zvose nezveSainzi neTechnology".
Sekureva kwemusayendisiti, imwe yenzira huru kugadzirwa kwembeu itsva nemahybrids emakabheji: “Kabichi ndiro goho redu rekutanga, tine pundutso chaiyo pakuuchika muriwo uyu. Mahybrids anodarika makumi mashanu ari mugwaro rehurumende, anodarika gumi neshanu anowanikwa mukurima mbeu.”
Chinonyanya kutariswa ndechekugadzira kunonoka-kuibva mahybrids ewhite cabbage, ane hupenyu hwakareba. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kumatunhu ekuchamhembe kweRussia ane mamiriro ekunze anotonhora.
Maererano neTimiryazevka masayendisiti, musoro wega wega wetatu wekabheji inodyiwa neMuscovites munguva yechando inokura kubva kumbeu yavakasarudzwa. Mahybrids anonyanya kufarirwa iKolobok, Dominanta, Prestige, neValentina.
Kuberekesa maHybrid kwakava chinhu chikuru chekutsvaga pakati pezana ramakore rapfuura. Nhasi, kugadzirwa kwekutengesa kunonyanya kushandisa chizvarwa chekutanga F1 mahybrids. Ivo vanosiyana neakavhurika-pollinated siyana mune genetic uye morphological homogeneity, pamwe nehuwandu hwezvimwe zvakanakira zvisingakwanisi kuwanikwa kubva kune yakavhurika-pollinated marudzi.
Zvinopfuura mazana maviri emajini matsva kana masanganiswa akasanganiswa akadyarwa panzvimbo yechikoro. Aya ndiwo akasiyana genotypes akange asati avapo. Basa revasayendisiti nderokuona izvo zvinonyanya kuvimbiswa kubva pazvimiro zvechimiro. Kuberekesa kwemazuva ano kunovavarirawo kugadzira genotypes inogona kurimwa nekushandiswa kushoma kwemishonga yezvipembenene uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira chirimwa.
Mazana ezvitsva zvinovimbisa zvakasanganiswa zvekabheji zvinodyarwa uye zvinodzidzwa gore rega rega muminda yekuberekesa yeTimiryazevka. Chinangwa ndechekutsvaga mafomu akakwirira kune aripo maererano nekuoma kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvehupfumi. Chimwe chezvinonyanya kukosha nhasi kuberekeswa kwemhando dzakakodzera kurima zvine hushamwari nekushandiswa kushoma kwemishonga yezvipembenene. Hanyanisi yekutanga muRussia inoshingirira kuvhuvhu yakatogadzirwa uye yapihwa kumugadziri. Izvi zvichaderedza kuwanda kwemishonga yezvipembenene pazvigadzirwa, ivhu, mvura nemhepo, sezvo varimi nevarimi vanenge vasisarapwe hanyanisi nemishonga kanokwana kashanu.
Panyaya yemusiyano pakati pemahybrids nemhando, mukana mukuru wemahybrids eF1 ndiko kufanana kwawo. Izvi zvinofanosarudzira morphological kufanana uye kugadzirwa kwekugadzirwa. Zvose zvinomera zvinoibva panguva imwe chete, izvo zvinobatsira mune zvehupfumi kuvarimi. Nepo kune vanofarira zvegadheni, zvingave zvakanyanya kunakidza kurima mhando dzinopa dzakasiyana siyana.
PaTimiryazev Academy, iyo yekuberekesa greenhouse ndiyo sosi yemajini akasiyana uye tekinoroji nyowani. Kuno zvirimwa zvinochengetedzwa zviri mumhodzi uye kuzvichenesa pachishandiswa mapedhi edonje kudzivirira kupfuudzana. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuwana mhodzi dzechizvarwa chinotevera uye kukura maexplants kuitira kumwe kutsvagisa mumarabhoritari.
Kuberekesa zvirimwa paTimiryazev Academy kuri kusangana nedanho rechitatu rebudiriro. Kana chinangwa chekutanga chaive chekugadzira mafomu anobereka zvakanyanya kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengetedza chikafu, ipapo kutarisa kwakatendeukira kune kunaka kwechigadzirwa. Ikozvino kusimbiswa kuri kuenda kune kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kwezvirimwa zvinorimwa.
Tekinoroji dzemazuva ano, senge mamorekuru ekuberekesa uye nzira dzemasero, dzinogona kukurumidza kuberekesa uye kuwedzera kukwikwidza kwemakambani ekurera. Iyo Academy inoshingairira kushandisa nzira dzekugadzira haploid yakapetwa kaviri, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuwana genotypes nyowani munguva pfupi inobvira.
White cabbage, inova imwe yemureza wekurera kwe Academy, yasvika kure mukusimudzira. Kana makore makumi mashanu apfuura, kukohwa kabichi kwaigona kutora mwedzi nechidimbu nekuda kwekusaibva, asi ikozvino, nekuda kweF50 mahybrids, kukohwa kunokurumidza uye kwakanaka.
Iyo academy inoitisawo tsvakiridzo pamusoro pekurwisa kwezvirimwa kuzvirwere zvakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, white cabbage inogamuchira jena rekudzivirira kubva kuhama yaro yepedyo, Ethiopian mustard. Izvi zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene uye zvinoita kuti chigadzirwa chacho chive nehushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza. Chimwe chezvazvino budiriro ndechekutamiswa kwejini rekupokana neclubroot, chimwe chezvirwere zvinokuvadza zvezvirimwa zvekabichi, kune chena kabichi kubva kuturnips. Kubudirira uku kwakarongwa kuti kudzokororwe kune dzimwe brassicas dzakadai se broccoli uye kohlrabi.