Zvisinei nebasa rakakosha resarufa mugoho rezvirimwa, chinhu ichi hachina kugara chichiwana kutariswa kwakakodzera. Kwemakore akawanda, kushomeka kwesarufa hakuna kunetsa varimi vazhinji vembatatisi.
Kare, mamineralized organic matter uye utsi hwesarufa yakawanda zvaipa zvirimwa zvinodiwa. Kwemakore makumi matatu apfuura, nekupfuura kweClean Air Act, kuburitswa kwesarufa kwakaderedza zvakanyanya kuwanikwa kwayo. Chokwadi ndechekuti, pamwe chete nenitrogen, phosphorus uye potassium, sarufa chinhu chakakosha chekudya uye chinodzikisira mugoho uye mhando yezvigadzirwa zvekurima.
Sarufa inogona kuve nekukanganisa kwakakosha pane ese kunaka uye kuwanda kwembatatisi machubhu. Ikemikari yakakosha yekuvaka amino acids, uye nekudaro mapuroteni, uye inogona kukanganisa tuber kukura, carbohydrate kuumbwa, kuramba kwechirwere, uye kugadzirwa kwechlorophyll. Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti chinhu ichi chine simba rakakosha pane chaiyo giravhiti, yakaoma nyaya, shuga uye sitachi zvemukati, uye saizi yehubhu.
Sezvo kushomeka kwesarufa pane chero nhanho yekukura kwezvirimwa kunogona kukonzera kuderera kwegoho, kugara uchipihwa sarufa kunodiwa - kubva pakubuda kwembesa kusvika pakupera kwemwaka wekukura. Zvakakosha kuti mbesa dziwane sulfur painoda zvakanyanya.
Nenzara yesarufa, misoro inotanga kushanduka yero kubva kumusoro. Sarufa inofamba zvishoma nezvishoma kuburikidza nemidziyo yechirimwa, saka mashizha madiki embatatisi haabvise kubva kune yekare uye anoshanduka yero nguva isati yakwana.
Sulfure inobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kweamino acids methionine uye cysteine, mavitamini B1 (thiamine) uye B7 (biotin). Kana machubhu asina sarufa, iyo nitrogen inobatwa nawo kubva muvhu haishanduki kuita mapuroteni.
Mumbatatisi dzakarimwa pasi pemamiriro ekushaya nzara yesarufa, zviri mukati me nitrate zvinowedzera neavhareji ye22%. Iyo starch yemukati yechubhu inodzikirawo, kunaka kwayo kunoderera, uye inoibva kwenguva refu.
Zvirimwa zvinotora chikamu chesarufa kubva kumhepo: iyo microelement chikamu che sulfur dioxide, iyo inobudiswa mumhepo nemabhizimisi emabhizimisi. Mvura inonaya uye yakanyunguduka inopfumisawo ivhu remapatata nesarufa. Mu toni ye organic fertilizer (compost kana humus) - inenge 0,5 kg ye trace element.
Asi maitiro anoratidza kuti pakukura 1 toni yembatatisi, 2-4 kg ye microelement inodiwa. Zvirimwa zvinotora hafu yedoro iyi kubva kumhepo, mvura uye mvura inonyunguduka, uye manyowa.
Polysulfate (0-0-14-19.2S-12.2Ca-3.6Mg) inowanikwa kubva ku polyhalite (natural mineral). Iyi fetireza ine-multi-component ndiyo inonyungudika potasium, magnesium uye calcium yakavakirwa pasarufate ine yakaderera chlorine content.
Iyo polysulfate yakawedzera kuburitswa hunhu inoreva kuti iwo mana akakosha ekudya (S 19.2%, K 14%, Mg 3.6%, Ca 12.2%) ari mugranule yega yega achave anowanikwa kune mbatatisi panguva yekudiwa kwepamusoro, kubva pakutanga kwemashizha kukura. kusvika tuber maturity.
Calcium mufetireza inokanganisa kuumbwa kwemakemikari evhu, pamwe nehunhu hwematatisi tubers. Muvhu kana zvirimwa zvekudiridza umo mvura inogona kunetsa, kuwedzera calcium muvhu kunogona kubatsira kudzoreredza munyu wakachengetwa. Polysulfate inoiswa musati madyarwa, pakudyara kana panguva yekugadzira ridge.
Kune marudzi matatu makuru emafetireza esarufa.
- Sulfate-sarufa Fetereza ine sarufa yakasanganiswa nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri zvakaita senitrogen kana potassium. Fetereza inowanikwa zviri nyore kuzvirimwa zvinokura, uye mafetireza esarufa-sarufa anonyungudika nekukurumidza. Iyo yakawanda sulfate-sarufa fertilizer ndeye granular ammonium sulfate (20-0-0-24, 21-0-0-24, 19-2-0-22).
- Ammonium sulfate inogona kusanganiswa nemamwe mafetireza egranular, asi kutarisirwa kunofanira kutorwa kuti chimiro chayo chemuviri chinobvumira musanganiswa kuti urambe uine homogeneous.
- potassium sulfate (0-0-50-18 uye mamwe magadzirirwo) inowanikwawo uye inoshanda zvakanaka kune maruva akadai sealfa.
Kune mamwe mafetireza ane huwandu hwesarufa sulfate, ingave mumusanganiswa kana mune inotengeswa chigadzirwa.
- elemental sarufa. Granular fertilizer (kubva pa0-0-0-90 kusvika 99), ine sulfur yemukati ye90 kusvika 99% mune yekutanga fomu. Haikwanise kushandiswa zvakananga nemiti. Kutanga, inofanira kushandurwa nevhu microorganisms.
Fetereza ine sulfur muchimiro che thiosulfate, senge liquid ammonium thiosulfate (12-0-0-26) uye 15-0-0-20 inofanirawo kuve yakasvibiswa nema microbes muvhu kune sulfate fomu. Fetereza inogona kuiswa pamberi, panguva kana mushure mekudyara. Zvisinei, kana ikaiswa pamashizha, inogona kukonzera kupisa.
ndove yemhuka inogona kupa zvirimwa nesarufa pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri, asi zviri mukati meiyo element uye kuenzana nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri zvinofanirwa kutsanangurwa uchishandisa yakakosha ongororo. Semuenzaniso, dzimwe nguruve slurries dzakaderera mune inowanikwa sarufa kana ichienzaniswa nenitrogen.