Maererano nenhamba, makaroti ari panzvimbo yechitatu mu "borsch boka" maererano nekushandiswa muRussia. Chete mbatatisi nehanyanisi zvinonyanya kufarirwa kupfuura iye. Nekudaro, mukurumbira ipfungwa ine hukama, sezvo varimi vakagutsikana zvakare mukupera kwemwaka wa2022.
Chigadzirwa chevhitamini hachina kuunza vagadziri vayo mari inotarisirwa. Zvingangodaro, saVasily Zaitsev, muchengeti wekaroti anozivikanwa uye mumiririri weVilmorin wekutengesa, anofanotaura, izvi zvichaita kuti kuderedzwa kwekugadzirwa kwekaroti muna 2023.
KUDZURA KWENZVIMBO
"Maererano nekuona kwangu," nyanzvi inotsinhira, "nzvimbo iri pasi pemakarotsi mwaka uno yakaderera kana ichienzaniswa negore rapfuura uye zvakanyanya. Kutaura zvazviri, vatambi vakuru vose vakazivisa kudzikiswa kwekurima zvirimwa ne30 muzana.”
Sezvakataurwa naVasily Zaitsev, kune zvikonzero zvakawanda zvekurasikirwa kwekufarira kwevarimi mukukura karoti, imwe yacho ndiyo mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ekukohwa mwaka wa2022. “Mune dzimwe nharaunda, mvura haina kumira kutozosvikira pakutanga kwechando,” anotsanangura kudaro, “haasi masangano ose okurima akakwanisa kugadzirira minda kuti idyarwe panguva yakakodzera, uye mumwe munhu akasiya zvachose chikamu chechirimwa pasinou. Plant
muriwo munzvimbo idzi muna 2023 hazvina zvazvinoreva, zvisaririra zvezvirimwa zvisina kuparara ndizvo zvinokonzeresa hutachiona hwehutachiona. Naizvozvo, varimi vaifanira kuita sarudzo vachifarira zviyo.”
Chikonzero chechipiri chakanaka chekusiya makaroti mitengo yakaderera yemiriwo yose yakavhurika (kunze kwehanyanisi) uye kuoma kwekutengesa zvigadzirwa zvekurima kwegore rose. "Varimi vakanyatsosarudza kusvika muna Kubvumbi zvekudyara gore rino, nekuti pakanga pasina kudiwa pamusika chero chirimwa," anotsanangura kudaro Vasily Zaitsev.
Kuderera kwekuda, maererano nenyanzvi, kunotsanangurwa nekuwedzera kwechigadzirwa pamusika. Muna 2022 (mushure memwaka wemitengo yakakwira yezvigadzirwa izvi), mimwe miriwo yakadyarwa sezvaitarisirwa. "Chete munharaunda yeVolgograd, nzvimbo iri pasi pemakaroti yakabva yawedzera zvikuru nekuda kwevarimi vaduku," anodaro Vasily Zaitsev.
Mukuwedzera, zvigadzirwa kubva kumatunhu akabatanidzwa neBelarus zvakapiwa zvakasimba kumasherufu ezvitoro zveRussia (kare, chikamu cheBelarusian-Russian karoti chakaenda kuUkraine).
Asi huwandu hwekutakura kubva kuChina, Israel, Egypt muna 2022 hwakadzikira, zvigadzirwa kubva kunyika idzi zvakaendeswa kumisika uko mitengo yakakwira yakavambwa. "Nechinyakare, makarotsi mazhinji anounzwa kuRussia kubva kuKazakhstan, kunyanya kubva mudunhu rePavlodar, uko chirimwa ichi chinorimwa zvakanyanya," anodaro Vasily Zaitsev, "muganho pakati penyika dziri nhengo dzeCustoms Union wakavhurika, Kazakh karoti. inotengeswa muSiberia yose, iyo, zvechokwadi, inokanganisa pahuwandu hwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu izvi mumatunhu eSiberia Federal District. Gore rapfuura, nekuda kwemitengo yakaderera muRussia, kuyerera uku kwakaenda kuAsia, zvichaitika mumwaka mutsva zvichiri kunetsa kutaura. "
MWAKA MUTSVA, MITENGO ITSVA
Zvechokwadi, nyika haingarambi zvachose isina karoti. Kumhara kwacho kwakabudirira, kunyange kugadzirira kwacho kwaiperekedzwa nemamwe matambudziko. Sezvinotarisirwa, nguva yekuendesa mbeu kubva kunze kwenyika yakawedzera. "Pakutanga, ngatitii, mota yakaunzwa kubva kuFrance kweanopfuura mavhiki maviri, zvino zvinotora kusvika kumwedzi nehafu.”, anodaro mumiriri weVilmorin. Mitengo yakakwirawo - zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura (kana isu tisingafungi nezvenguva yekusvetuka kwakapinza mumutengo wekuchinjana) neavhareji ye20%.
«Ichi chiratidzo cheRussia, - inofunga Vasily Zaitsev, - makambani akati wandei airamba kushanda nenyika yedu. Avo vanoramba vachidaro vakakwidza mitengo yavo uye vari kutora inishuwarenzi yekufamba nepamusoro-soro.". Panguva imwecheteyo, maererano nenyanzvi, mbeu imwechete munyika dzakapoteredza (Belarus, Kazakhstan, nezvimwewo) inodhura 30-40% inodhura. Musiyano unoonekwa, saka varimi vazhinji (veavo vasina kudyara nemari yechikwereti uye havafanirwe kuzivisa kumabhangi) gore rino vakasarudza kutenga zvinhu zvekudyara munyika dzakavakidzana "zvisina pamutemo", nemari, vasina zvitupa, vari voga. njodzi uye njodzi.
Ngozi, nenzira, iripo chaizvo. "Semuyenzaniso, kana uchipinza mbeu dzekaroti kubva kuCentral Asia, pane mukana wekugamuchira zvinhu zvine hutachiona hwemitsetse yembatatisi chips (zebra chip), sezvo munyika idzi phytosanitary control yekuvapo kweCandidatus Liberibacter Solanacearum haiitwe. ” nyanzvi yacho inoti, “zvichakadaro, ichi chirwere chine ngozi chinotyisidzira kwete makarotsi chete, asiwo mbatatisi inorimwa mukutenderera kwezvirimwa. Kurasikirwa kwegoho kunogona kusvika 40%.
CHOICE IN FAVOR OF SHANTANE
Sekureva kwemumiriri wekambani yeVilmorin, varimi vekurima vekuRussia havana kutarisana nekushomeka kwembeu dzekaroti dzemamwe marudzi uye mahybrids mumwaka mutsva, zvaive zvichikwanisika kupinza chero zvinzvimbo kubva pakati pezvakabudirira zvekusarudzwa zvakabatanidzwa muRejista yeHurumende.
Panguva imwecheteyo, vatengi vakaita sarudzo kunyanya vachifarira mahybrids emhando yeShantane. "Muchikamu, izvi zvakare mhedzisiro yekuoma kwematsutso kwa2022., anotsanangura Vasily Zaitsev, - Mahybrids eShantane haana kunaka seNantes kana Kuroda, asi makarotsi emhando iyi anotsemuka zvishoma uye ane matops akaomarara, zvinoreva kuti murimi ane mikana yakawanda yekukohwa mumamiriro ekunze asina kunaka..
Kazhinji, sezvakataurwa nenyanzvi, kupararira kwerudzi rweShantane munyika yedu kune hukama zvakananga nekuunzwa kwekukohwa mechan.
«Mumakore maviri kana matatu apfuura, varimi mudunhu reVolgograd vanga vachishingairira kuchinjika kune tekinoroji; kare, makarotsi airimwa pano pamipata., - nyanzvi inopa muenzaniso. - Asi panguva yedenda, varimi vakatarisana nekushomeka kwevashandi, uyezve kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwemutengo wevashandi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, purazi rega rega rakaedza kutenga musanganiswa wemutsara mumwe, asi zvakamanikidzwa kudzokorora seti yemahybrids akakura.".
«Asi mumapurazi enharaunda yeNovgorod, karoti dzinowanzokohwewa nemaoko., anogovera zvakaonekwa Zaitsev, - uye mudunhu rino, makarotsi erudzi rweNantes anotungamira. Zvakanakira zvaro, kunze kwekuravira, zvinosanganisira kukodzera kwekuchengetedza kwenguva refu. Vazhinji varimi veNovgorod vane matura emazuva ano efiriji, izvo zvinovabvumira kutengesa zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro kusvika pakudonha kwemwaka unotevera.".
Kunyangwe pamasherufu ezvitoro munzvimbo zhinji dzeRussia, Shantane ichiri kumiririrwa zvakanyanya. "Anopfuura makore gumi apfuura, pandakatanga kushandira Vilmorin, - anoti Vasily Zaitsev, - Pakati pemabasa angu kwaive kusimudzirwa kwemakarotsi erudzi rweNantes mumaketani ezvitoro. MaHybrid emhando iyi akapararira muEurope, asi kune ivhu rakasiyana uye mamiriro ekunze akasiyana, muFrance nekumaodzanyemba kweGermany, semuenzaniso, makaroti anogona chando muvhu. MuRussia, zvinhu zvose zvakasiyana, uye cheni dzekutengesa dzinoshanda munharaunda yayo dzinofanira kufunga nezveizvi. Kune zvitoro, kutanga kune zvese, kuratidzwa kwezvigadzirwa kwakakosha, hapana anoda zvimedu, saka Shantane achatora chikamu cheshumba mune assortment, izvi zvinobatsira kune varimi nevatengesi.".
ZVINYORE KUCHENGA ASI ZVAKAOMA KUCHENGA
Kutaura nezveramangwana tarisiro yemakaroti muRussia haisi nyore. Maitiro ekuderera kwakadzikama mukugadzirwa kwezvirimwa anogona kuonekwa mumuenzaniso wehuwandu hwemapurojekiti makuru emiriwo akatangwa kumashure muna 2014: nemwaka mutsva wega wega, vari kuwedzera kuderedza chikamu chekaroti mukugadzirwa kwese. Mumamiriro ezvinhu emazuva ano, bhizinesi rinorima zvirimwa pa50-80 mahekita ratova bhizinesi hombe.
«Kazhinji kutaura, zviri nyore kukura., - chokwadi Vasily Zaitsev, - zvakanyanya kuoma kuchengeta. Ndaizocherechedzawo matambudziko ekugadzirisa. Chikamu chikuru chemakaroti muRussia chinogadzirwa munzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba, asi chigadzirwa chacho chinoshambidzwa nemvura inodziya, iyo inotungamirira pakuumbwa kwe "mavanga", uye zvakawanda zvingangove zvakanaka chigadzirwa chinoenda pakugadzirisa zvakare. MuIsrael, semuenzaniso, mitsetse yese yekugezesa ine ma hydrocoolers anochengeta mvura patembiricha inosvika +3 ° C, nekuda kweiyo zvinokwanisika kuderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwemarara.".
Asi nyaya dzese dzekugadzira dzinogona kugadziriswa kana varimi vaine kurudziro yeizvi, nyanzvi inotenda. "Kana pane kudiwa, pachava nekupa., - zvinyorwa Zaitsev, - muna 2021, makarotsi anodhura mari yakanaka kwazvo, uye munhu wese akafemerwa. Ikozvino kuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa kwekurima kwaigona kufambiswa nekudzoreredzwa kwekudya kwevanhu. Kudiwa kwemiriwo kuri kufambisa chikamu chekudya kusvika pamwero mukuru, uye tinovimba kuti zvichapa varimi chikonzero chekuve netariro.".