Munguva ipi iri nani kutenga mbatatisi yembeu yekudyara mumwaka mutsva?
Ehe, bhizinesi rega rega rinosarudza rakanakisa mazwi nenzira yaro, maringe nebasa raro uye nekugona. Asi, sekutonga, pane nguva dzose vatengi vanononoka panguva ino kusvika munaKurume uye kunyange kusvika munaKubvumbi, uye kune vazhinji vavo: mafoni emakambani embeu mukutanga kwechirimo anova anopisa.
TENGESA MBEU MBEU?
Mwaka uno, kudiwa kwezvigadzirwa zvavo kwakacherechedzwa nevakawanda vanozivikanwa vanogadzira mhodzi uye vatengesi kubva zhizha. Mamwe makambani akakwanisa kuwana vatengi vekurima zvakatotangisa kukohwa kusati kwatanga. Chii chikonzero cheizvi uye tinofanirwa kutarisira kushomeka mumusika?
MBEU Kubva kuEUROPE
Ngatitangei neyakaomesesa chikamu chemusoro wenyaya: kupihwa kwembeu kubva kuEurope. Gore rino, zvirongwa zvekutenga kwayo emabhizinesi mazhinji eRussia zvakagadziriswa zvakanyanya nekusanaya kwakasimba kwakabata nyika dzese dzakabatanidzwa mukugadzira mbeu mbatatisi, kusanganisira vanopihwa mbeu dzinokosha kuRussia: Netherlands, Finland neGerman (mamwe matunhu). Sekureva kwakasiyana siyana, varimisi vembeu dzenyika idzi vakatambira pasi pemakumi maviri kusvika makumi maviri muzana muzana wematanho akafungidzirwa.
Panyaya iyi, vagadziri vakamanikidzwa kudzikisira zvakanyanya huwandu hwembeu dzakagadzirirwa nyika - vatengi. Izvo zvinonetsa kuona kuti ndeapi manhamba ekudzikiswa uku kuchakonzera Russia (pakupera kwaGumiguru 2018). Yeuka: kutanga kwezhizha ra2018, anenge gumi nemana nehafu matani embeu mbatatisi akaunzwa kuRussia, ayo anopfuura matani gumi nemaviri aibva kunyika dzeEU. Nhasi, mamwe makambani anotengesa anoratidza kuti mavhoriyamu ekugovera anogona kutemwa nezvikamu zvitatu.
Saizvozvo, makambani akati wandei atozivisa kuwedzera kwemitengo yembeu mbatatisi yekugadzirwa kwekunze. Zvimwe - nezve izvo zvakakosha kwazvo. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti vagadziri vanosanganisira mumutengo mutsva wezvigadzirwa zveEurope kwete chete muripo wekurasikirwa kubva kune zvakarasika zvigadzirwa, asi zvakare, semuenzaniso, mutengo wemafuta nemafuta, ayo akawedzera zvakanyanya gore rino.
Panguva imwecheteyo, vangangove vese vanopa mbeu yeEuropean mbatatisi (kubva kune avo akaongororwa nemagazini) vakaziva kuti nekutanga kwezhizha vaive nemafomu kubva kumabhizimusi ekurima eRussia ekuti vatenge mhodzi yembeu muhuwandu iyo yakapfuura huwandu hwehuwandu hwezvinobvira. Mune mamwe mazwi, havasi vese vanhu vachakwanisa kutenga mbesa dzembeu dzakatengwa kune dzimwe mhando gore rino.
Nekudaro, zvimwe zvekurima zveRussia zvakataura kuti vakasarudza kuramba kutenga mbeu yemwaka we 2018 kubva kunze kwenyika, vachitya kuti mhodzi dzakakura mumamiriro ekunze ekunze dzinogona kunge dziine matambudziko emhando yepamusoro.
MBEU MBATATU YOKUDZIDZA RUSSIAN
Asi uwandu hwezvinhu zvembeu (weti zviuru gumi nemazana mapfumbamwe ematani akadyarwa gore rega munyika) zvichiri mbatatisi dzakasimwa muRussia. Chii chingataurwa nezvake?
Gore rino, mapurazi embeu mumatunhu mazhinji enyika akasanganawo nematambudziko ekunze. Chitubu chakareba chinotonhora chakabatsira mukupararira kwechirwere cheRhizoctonia. Zhizha rinopisa, rakaoma rakatungamira mukudzikira kwetuberization; kushomeka kwetubers kwakaratidzwa mumapurazi enzvimbo huru dzinokura mbeu, zvese kuNorth-West uye muCentral Russia. Nguva yekuvhuvhu yakaenzana yakapa varimi kuongorora kwekukwanisa kukohwa muvhu rakaoma. Haasi munhu wese akakodzera ratidziro dzakanaka: mumapurazi mazhinji, hombe hombe yemapatatari akagamuchira kukuvara kwechimakanika, zvinoreva kuti matambudziko ekuchengetedza anogona kufanotaurwa
Ehezve, nhasi, kana kukohwa kuchangopedzwa, zvakatemerwa kutonga mhando uye huwandu hwehupfu hwembeu pamusika. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu anozova akajeka zvishoma naDecember, apo vagadziri vane mutoro vanogashira mhedzisiro yezvidzidzo zve tubers yekuvapo kwezvirwere; mumwe mufananidzo uzere mukukura, maererano nemhedzisiro yekuchengetedza, uye mutongo wekupedzisira unongowanikwa mukupera kwemwaka unotevera. Zvakangodaro, zvinhu zviri pamusoro apa zvinoratidza kuti huwandu hwemhando yepamusoro yembeu pamusika hunogona kunge husiri hwakajairwa, uye mitengo yayo yakakwira.
Panguva imwecheteyo, ivo vanogadzira mbeu yemumba mbatatisi ivo pachavo havatende kuti mamiriro ari pamusika gore rino akasiyana zvachose nemwaka wapfuura uye inoda chirongwa chakakosha chekuita. "Hakuna mufaro," anodaro Anastasia Borovkova, mukuru wedhipatimendi rembatatisi kuGerman Seed Alliance Russ. "Tinoshanda mumazuva ese emuchirimo. Semazuva ese, mapurazi anobva kumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba ave kutosaina zvibvumirano uye kubhadhara maodha. "Makambani eCentral Russia achiri kuongorora zvibereko zvekukohwa, vachiona kuti vangazoda mbeu yakadii gore rinouya."
Kunyangwe pasina munhu anoramba kuti mbatatisi dzeakakurumbira mhando uye mhando yepamusoro inotengeswa munzvimbo yekutanga.
"Iyo mbatatisi yemhando dzakakurumbira dzinogara dzakarongedzwa pamberi pegore nyowani, - inosimbisa Anastasia Borovkova, - gore rino, pakupera kwaGumiguru, tanyatsoziva huwandu hweiyo Russian Red Lady dzakasiyana".
"Chero ani anoda kuwana mbeu yakanaka anofanirwa kuitarisira kare," anodaro Oleg Martyshin, mutevedzeri wemukuru weSlava Potato, "takasaina zvibvumirano zvekutanga zvekuwaniswa kwembeu gore rino muna Nyamavhuvhu".
Uye sekureva kwaVladimir Molyanov, General Director weMolyanov Agro Group LLC, kutenga izvozvi mbeu yezvinhu zvemwaka wa2019 zvinoreva kushanda nguva yapera, panguva ino unofanirwa kufunga nezve chirimo cha2020: "Vagadziri vari kuita basa rekurima mbatatisi vanoziva pamberi kuti panzvimbo ipi yavanodyara mbatatisi mugore, ndeapi marudzi avachada. Vanosiya chikumbiro kukambani yembeu, vanoongorora kudyara muzhizha, uye mukudonha, kana zvese zvikavakwanira, vanotenga mijenya inodiwa. "Iri ndiro gore rechitatu rakateedzana ratange tichinyora mafambiro anoita bhizinesi iri."
STATE KOMISHINA: KUSANGANISWA KWEMAHARA MABASA
Nyaya iyi haina hukama zvakanangana nemusoro wenyaya uye, pamwe, kusvika parizvino iri kunetsekana nemasangano anoita basa rekuberekesa kana kusimudzira zvakabudirira zvevafudzi. Zvakangodaro, munguva pfupi iri kutevera, inogona kunge iine hukanganisa pamusika wembeu yeRussia. Tiri kutaura nezve Order ye Ministry of Agriculture yeRussia yakaitwa Nyamavhuvhu 31.08.2018, 143 Nhamba XNUMX "Pakubvumidzwa kupihwa kwekubhadharwa kwemasevhisi ane chekuita nemabasa ake makuru nehurumende federal state budget institution" State Commission yeRussian Federation yeKwayedza uye Dziviriro Yezvekuwana Zvibereko ".
Chisarudzo chekuunza mubhadharo webasa reHurumende Commission ”chakakonzeresa hurukuro munharaunda yehunyanzvi. Panguva imwecheteyo, hapana munhu anoramba kudiwa kwechiyero ichi; vazhinji vanocherekedza kuti nhasi Nyorero Yezvekuzvarwa Inobvumidzwa Kushandiswa inosanganisira nhamba yakakura yemarudzi, uye kwete ese ayo ari kudiwa nevatengi. Kuunzwa kwemubhadharo kuchadzora huwandu hwevanhu vari kuda kuendesa zvikumbiro zvekuongororwa kwakasiyana-siyana uye nekudzora huwandu hwebasa rakawanda rinowira pamusoro pevashandi veHurumende Commission pagore. Kunyangwe panguva ino isu tiri kutaura pamusoro pezvinhu zvisingagone kungogumira, asi gura chikamu chakakosha chevatori vechikamu pamusika.
Sekureva kwaVladimir Molyanov, kuyedza imwe chete mbatatisi kumatunhu matatu kunodhura kambani yake zvinosvika mazana masere ezviuru rubles. Asi dzimwe nguva zvidzidzo zvehunhu hwemarudzi akasiyana siyana zvinoitwa makore anoverengeka. Haasi ese masangano ekuberekesa ane mari yakadaro, kunyanya kana iri nyika state.
Asi dambudziko guru harisi iro nzira. Nyanzvi dzinoti iyo iripo nzira dzakasiyana dzekuyedza muRussia inoda shanduko yakakomba.
Vamiriri veNational Association of Corn uye maZuva Ekubereka Mbeu Vagadziri mugwaro rakavhurwa tsamba kuna Minister wekurima weRussian Federation Dmitry Patrushev nechikumbiro chekumisa Order No. 143 (chirongwa ichi chakaburitswa pane webhusaiti yeSRO NAPSKiP) yakati: "Vanenge vangangoita vatori vechikamu vese vanoona zvisirizvo musangano rezvakasiyana-siyana zvekuedza senzira. kuita kwayo, pamwe neazvino (maindasitiri) matekinoroji ekudyara zvirimwa, ayo anokanda kusahadzika pamhedzisiro yenyika Ortho bvunzo ”.
Pfungwa dzakafanana dzinogona kutaurwa nevanokura mbatatisi. Nhasi, mutengi wembeu, achisarudza mhando, dzinenge dzisingatarise mhedzisiro dzekuedzwa kwakasiyana-siyana, sezvo mamiriro ekukura mbatatisi pane chikamu chakasiyana uye pane munda weimwe purazi kazhinji une zvishoma zvaanoenderana.
Shanduko dziri madikanwa, uye shanda pane kunaka kwekupa sevhisi, kubva pamaonero ehunyanzvi nharaunda dzakapinda mune nhaurirano, dzinofanirwa kufanotungamira kuiswa kwemubhadharo wayo. Mubvunzo ndewekuti mafungiro avo achanzwika here ichiri kuvhurika.
Kumwe kutaura kunokonzerwa zvakare nemaitiro ekuita sarudzo yekuwedzera dzakasiyana kuRejista yeHurumende. Vaberekesi, semuenzaniso, vanogunun'una kuti chinonyanya kupihwa kumhando dzinopa zvibereko zvakanyanya, nepo mune zvemazuva ano murimi wekurima anogona kuita purofiti hombe kwete kubva pahuwandu hwechigadzirwa, asi kubva pahunhu hwayo hwakakosha: musika unoda mbatatisi ine isina kujairika ganda ganda, mharidzo inokwezva, inokodzera inotakurika, yakanakisa-yakareba-nguva yekuchengetedza ...