Nerubatsiro rwekugadziriswa kumutemo "Pamabatiro akachengetedzeka emishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye agrochemicals", zvinorongwa kudzikamisa denderedzwa revanyoresa mishonga mitsva kune vanogadzira uye vagadziri. Izvi zvinofanirwa kuisa chipingamupinyi kune vanopinda kunze kwenyika vanoshandisa mishonga yemumwe munhu kunyoresa bvunzo, uye vozotumira kunze chigadzirwa chakashatiswa zvichibva pachitupa chakatambirwa chekunyoreswa kwenyika. Uye zvakare, kuburikidza nekugadziriswa kumutemo "Pahunyanzvi hweMagariro", zvakarongerwa kuregedza vagadziri vezvipembenene kubva pakuongororwa kana vachinyoresa mushonga kwenguva nyowani - chero pasina mirawo yakaiswa pane chinhu chinoshanda, uye iye akanyoresa haana chinja kuumbwa kwechigadzirwa.
Draft mutemo Nha. 1070685-7 iri kugadzirirwa kuti itariswe pachikamu chemuchirimo muHurumende Duma yeRussian Federation ("Pakugadziridza Chinyorwa 11 cheFederal Law" PaEcological Expertise "uye Federal Mutemo" Pamabatiro Akachengeteka Emipukanana. uye Agrochemicals "). Nerubatsiro rwayo, zvinorongwa kuti zvisimbise mutemo zviwande zvakagadzirwa kuti musika weagrochemical weRussia uve wakarongeka uye wakachengeteka, pamwe nekuwiriranisa mutemo wezvemitemo unoitonga nemitemo yehutsanana nemitemo yetsika yeEEEU.
Nekudaro, iyo yekunyora mutemo wehurumende unosanganisira iyo pfungwa ye "anonyoresa". Zvinoenderana neshanduro yakasarudzika yeFederal Law No. 109-FZ "Pane Kubata Kwakachengeteka kweMishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye Agrochemicals", ivo chete vanogadzira kana vagadziri ndivo vanogona kuita sevanyoresa mishonga mitsva muRussia. Runyorwa mutemo unopa mukana wekuti unyore chikumbiro nemunhu wechitatu-bato kana kambani, asi chete kana ivo vachibvumidzwa nemusimudziri kana mugadziri kuita maitiro ekunyoresa.
Sekureva kwaVladimir Alginin, Mutevedzeri Mukuru Director weFirm "Nyamavhuvhu" JSC yeGeneral Issues uye Executive Director weRussia Union yeVagadziri veMakemikari Dziviriro Zvigadzirwa, ino ndiyo nhanho inotevera yebasa repamutemo, iro rinofanira kuumba zvipingaidzo kupinza kune zvisiri izvo. uye zvigadzirwa zvekunyepedzera zvekurima. Bazi rezvekurima reRussian Federation rakabatanidza muitiro wekununura mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye agrochemicals chinodikanwa chinosungirwa kuti mutengesi ave nechikwangwani chekunyoreswa kwenyika kwechigadzirwa chakatumirwa, zvisinei, dzimwe nhanho dzinodiwa kudzikamisa kuyerera kwekunyepedzera. mishonga yezvipembenene.
"Mumamiriro ezvinhu azvino, chero munhu anobva mumugwagwa anogona kunyoresa chigadzirwa chitsva chekudzivirira chirimwa," anotsanangura Vladimir Alginin. - Kazhinji zvinotevera zvinoitika: chigadzirwa cheye fide mugadziri chinotorwa, bvunzo dzese dzinodiwa uye bvunzo zvinoitwa, mushonga unonyoreswa, uyezve, zvinoenderana nechitupa chakapihwa chekunyoreswa kwenyika, zvinodhaka zvehunhu husina kunaka uye ne chimiro chisingafungidzirwe chakapinzwa munyika, icho chinogumira kuminda yekumba. Tave tichirwisa chiitiko ichi kwemakore mashanu. Kana isu tikazarura nyika katarogu yemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka yenyika ipi neipi, isu hatizowane vakawanda vakanyoresa imomo senge muRussia. Pfungwa yedu yaive yekuti kodzero yekunyoresa chigadzirwa igare nevaya vane mamiriro ekugadzirwa kwayo. Ndokunge, vagadziri uye vagadziri vane imwe seti yemarabhoritari michina, vashandi vanokwanisa uye zvese zvinodiwa pakugadzira. "Iyi gadziriro, kunyangwe iri muchimiro chakatemwa, yakaunzwa mugwaro uye inotsanangura denderedzwa revaya vanogona kunyoresa semishonga mitsva."
Zvakare, iwo mutemo wedhipatimendi unopa kudzikiswa kwenguva yekuongororwa kwemhedzisiro yekunyoresa bvunzo yemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye agrochemicals kubva pamwedzi mitanhatu kusvika mitatu, pamwe nekuwedzera kwenguva yekunyoreswa kwenyika kubva pamakore maviri kusvika matatu (mu zvinoenderana nemutemo wazvino uno nhamba 109-FZ, kunyoreswa kwenyika kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye agrochemicals kunoitwa kwenguva yemakore gumi nemakore maviri).
"Kudzidzira kunoratidza kuti pakuongorora mibairo yekunyoreswa kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye agrochemicals, mwedzi mitatu yakakwana," anodaro Vladimir Alginin. - Iyo nguva yekusika uye kunyoreswa kwechirwere pachayo yakanyanya kureba - kunyoreswa miedzo chete kunogona kutora anopfuura makore maviri. "Kuti mari yakasimwa mukugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa ibhadhare nekukurumidza, inofanirwa kuunzwa kumusika nekukurumidza, uye hunyanzvi hunoita kuti vagadziri vakurumidze kuita izvi."
Kana zviri zvekuwedzera kwenguva yekunyoreswa kwehurumende kubva pamakore maviri kusvika matatu, tiri kutaura pano nezvekutanga kunyoreswa kwechirwere, icho chinoiswa kana, zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yemiyedzo, mibvunzo nezve kushanda kwayo kana kuchengetedzeka. Nekudaro, sezvakataurwa mune inotsanangurwa chinyorwa, makore maviri haana kukwana kuti uite rese rekuwedzera kutsvagurudza. Vladimir Alginin anowedzera kuti kuwedzera kwenguva yekutanga kunyoresa kunobatsira vanogadzira uye vagadziri kunyatsonzwisisa kana mushonga uri kuvimbisa uye kana zvichikurudzirwa kuunyoresa kwemakore gumi kuti ushandiswe zvekare.
Nerubatsiro rwezvakarongedzerwa kuchinjika kumutemo pane hunyanzvi hwezvakatipoteredza, mashandiro ekuitwa kwayo akarongedzwa, uye chisungo chekutora chinobviswa kubva kunyoresa kana vakanyoresa mushonga watove pamusika kwechinguva chitsva.
"Federal Law No. 174-FZ" PaEcological Expertise "zvinoreva kuti chero chinhu chitsva chakaunzwa mukutenderera chinofanira kuchipfuudza pasina kukundikana; Vagadziri (uye isu pakati pavo) tinozvipfuudza maererano nechirongwa chakagadziriswa neHurumende yeZviwanikwa uye Rosprirodnadzor, - anodaro Vladimir Alginin. - Amendment yacho inoreva kuti kana chigadzirwa chakanyoreswazve mushure memakore gumi, imwe nyowani yemamiriro ekunze ongororo haigone kuitwa - hongu, chero bedzi uyo akanyoresa asina kuita shanduko mukuumbwa kwechigadzirwa, uyezve haana pinda mukushandurwa kwemitemo kana kutemerwa pazvinhu zvinoshanda - zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa zvemushonga ".
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti muna Zvita 30, 2020, Federal Mutemo Nha. 522-FZ "Pazvigadziriso kuMutemo weFederal" Pane Kubata Kwakachengeteka kweMishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye Agrochemicals "maererano nekuvandudza kutonga kwehurumende (kutarisira) mumunda wekubata zvakachengeteka. yemishonga yezvipembenene uye agrochemicals ”yakagamuchirwa. Iyo nyowani vhezheni yemutemo inopa kudzoka kuRosselkhoznadzor yemabasa ekutarisa kupinza, kutengesa, kushandisa uye kurasa kwemiti yekuchengetedza makemikari. Muna 2011, dhipatimendi rakatorerwa masimba aya, asi panguva imwechete havana kuendeswa kune chero munhu, uye semhedzisiro, kweanoda kusvika makore gumi, manejimendi manejimendi haana kutarisa kana kutevedzera mutemo wekushandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka, kana kuumbwa kwemishonga inopinzwa kunze kwenyika, uye mikana yekudzora kutenderera kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye agrochemicals yaive shoma kwazvo. Idzo gadziridzo dzakagamuchirwa dzakagadzirirwa kupokana nekutenga kunze, kutengesa uye kushandiswa kwemishonga yekunyepera yekuuraya zvipuka uye agrochemicals zvinokuvadza agro-indasitiri yakaoma, hunhu uye hutano hwevanhu. Nekudaro, zvinofungidzirwa kuti hunyanzvi hwekutarisa huchaonekwa patsika nemushonga unouraya zvipembenene uye agrochemicals.