Sergey Banadysev, Chiremba weSainzi Yekurima,
LLC "Doka - Gene Technologies"
Mwaka uno, kune zviratidzo kubva kune vatengi pamusoro pekuravira kunorwadza kwembatatisi pasina kusvibira kunooneka kwemachubhu. Chikonzero chekuvava mukuravira zviri mukati glycoalkaloids pamusoro 14 mg/100 g.
Glycoalkaloids (GCAs) inongoitika, inovava-inoravira, inodzivirira kupisa huturu mumhando zhinji dzezvirimwa, kusanganisira mbatatisi. Vane fungicidal uye pesticidal properties uye ndeimwe yezvidziviriro zvepanyama zvezvirimwa.
Izvozvi zvave zvichiratidzwa kuti mbatatisi glycoalkaloids muhutano hwekusangana ine zvakawanda zvinobatsira zvehutano hwevanhu: antitumor, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, etc. Tekinoroji dzekutengesa kwekutengesa kwezvinhu izvi panguva yekugadzirwa kwembatatisi kuri kugadzirwa, asi izvi ndizvo. imwe nyaya yakasiyana yezvinyorwa, uye chinangwa chakapfupikiswa pazasi. tsanangura sarudzo dziripo kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwakanyanya kweglycoalkaloids muware mbatatisi.
Iyo huru HCAs iri mu potato tubers ndeye α-solanine uye α-chaconine (Fig. 1), iyo inokwana inenge 95% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hweglycoalkaloids mumhando yemiti iyi.
Solanine uye chaconine ine nitrogen-ine steroidal alkaloids inotakura zvakafanana aglycone, solanidine, asi yakasiyana mumaketani ekumativi e-tri-saccharide. Iyo trisaccharide mu-α-solanine ndeye galactose, glucose uye rhamnose, nepo mu-α-chaconine iri glucose uye maviri masara.
rhamnose. Mbatatisi yakajairwa tuber ine paavhareji 10-150 mg/kg yeglycoalkaloids, nepo yegirinhi ine 250-280 mg/kg, uye ganda regirini rine 1500-2200 mg/kg. Izvo zviri mukati me glycoalkaloids mukutengesa mbatatisi tubers zvakaderera, uye
kugoverwa mukati me tuber hakusi yunifomu. Iwo epamusoro mazinga anogumira kune peel, nepo mazinga akaderera anowanikwa munzvimbo yepakati. HCA inogara ichiwanikwa mumachubhu, uye pamadhora anosvika 100mg/kg vanosanganisa kuti vabatsire mukunaka kwakanaka kwembatatisi.
French fries uye mbatatisi chips kazhinji ine HCA mazinga e0,04-0,8 uye 2,3-18 mg / 100 g yechigadzirwa, zvichiteerana. Zvigadzirwa zvepeel zvakapfuma mu glycoalkaloids (56,7-145 uye 9,5-72 mg/100 g yechigadzirwa, zvichiteerana). Kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvembatatisi kunosanganisira kuwacha, kupepeta, kucheka, blanching, kuyanika nekukacha. Iyo yakawanda yakawanda yeglycoalkaloids inobviswa panguva yekuchenesa, blanching uye frying, uye yakagadzirira-kudya-fries fries ine chete 3-8% glycoalkaloids kana ichienzaniswa neyakasvibirira, nekuparadzwa kukuru kweHCA kunoitika panguva yekukangwa. Zvakaratidzwa kuti peeling kazhinji inobvisa yakawanda ye glycoalkaloids mumachubhu anodyiwa. Mbatata yakabikwa neganda pairi inogona kuva inovava kupfuura iyo isina kupepetwa nekuda kwekutama kweglycoalkaloids munyama panguva yekubika. Kubika kunoderedza huwandu hweHCA chete ne20%, kubika uye microwave kubika hazvideredzi zvinyorwa zveglycoalkaloids, sezvo kupisa kwakanyanya kwekuparara kweHCA kunenge 170 ° C.
Mhosva dzeHCA chepfu mumbatatisi munhoroondo yese yekutarisa hazviwanzo. Zvisinei, zviratidzo zvinobvira zvakadai sokusvotwa, kurutsa, manyoka, dumbu nedumbu, kutemwa nemusoro, kupisa muviri, kukurumidza uye kupera simba kwetsinga, kukurumidza kufema, uye kuona zvinhu zvisingaoneki zvinofanira kutaurwa. Mushonga une chepfu weHCA kuvanhu i1-5 mg/kg yehuremu hwemuviri, uye inouraya 3-6 mg/kg yehuremu hwemuviri kana ichiitwa nemuromo. Naizvozvo, nyika zhinji dzakasimukira dzinorimwa mbatatisi dzakaisa miganhu ye glycoalkaloids ye20 mg/100 g uremu hutsva uye 100 mg/100 g yakaoma uremu semiganho yakachengeteka mumachubhu anodyika.
Zvinozivikanwa kuti mbatatisi machubhu ane HCA 14 MG/100 g atova zvishoma anovava, nepo
kupisa muhuro nemuromo kunokonzerwa nekuisa pfungwa huru kupfuura 22 mg / 100 g. Nokudaro, nhungamiro yakanakisisa yevatengi ndeyokuti: "Kana mbatatisi inonaka inovava, usaidya."
Padanho rekukura, kuchengeta uye kutengesa mbatatisi, zvakakosha kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwezvingangove zvine njodzi kusangana kweHCA mumachubhu.
Kuunganidzwa kweHCA kunoitika mumachubhu, asi kunogara kuchiitwa pasi pesimba rechiedza chezuva. Kuvhenekera kunotungamirawo pakuumbwa kwechlorophyll uye kusvibira kweganda remachubhu. Aya maitiro akazvimirira ane mhedzisiro dzakasiyana. Chlorophyll haina kukuvadza zvachose uye haina kuravira. Panguva imwecheteyo, kusvibirira kunoratidza kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kuchiedza uye, nokudaro, kuunganidza kweglycoalkaloids kwakaitika. Mbatata dzinenge dzakasvibira kazhinji hadzitengeswi kana kubviswa mumasherufu panongove nekushanduka kwemavara. Iyo yakakwirira yeglycoalkaloids inokonzera kunyunyuta kubva kune vatengi uye inoderedza kukosha kwekutengesa kwezvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa. Mhosva yakaoma inocherechedzwa mumwaka uno, kureva, kuravira kunorwadza kwembatatisi pasina zviratidzo zvekusvibira kunooneka, kunokodzera tsananguro yakaparadzana uye kuongororwa kwezvinokonzeresa.
Sezvo kusvibirira mbatatisi kuri iko honzeri huru yekudzikira kwemhando yembatatisi mukushambadzira uye dambudziko rakakura rekutengesa, ese maficha echiitiko ichi akanyatso dzidza. Panguva imwecheteyo, ruzivo rwakawanda rwenyanzvi rwakawanikwawo pakuunganidzwa kweHCA mumachubhu. Kufanana nemadzinde epasi, machubhu embatatisi isiri-photosynthetic chirimwa nhengo dzisina nzira yephotosynthesis. Nekudaro, mushure mekuvhenekwa nechiedza, maamyloplast ane starch anoshandurwa kuita machloroplast ari mumativi emasero etuber, izvo zvinokonzeresa kuunganidzwa kwegirinhi photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll. Tuber greening inogona kupesvedzerwa nemajini, tsika, physiological uye zvakatipoteredza, kusanganisira kudzika kwekudyara, physiological age yemachubhu, tembiricha, mhepo yeokisijeni mazinga uye mamiriro ekuvhenekesa. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinopesvedzera mwero wegirini uye kuunganidza glycoalkaloids ndiko kusimba uye spectral kuumbwa kwechiedza, tembiricha, genetic maitiro emhando.
The synthesis of chlorophyll uye HCA ari tuber kunoitika pasi pesimba rinooneka chiedza wavelengths kubva 400 kusvika 700 nm (Fig. 2). Maererano nevatsvakurudzi, chlorophyll synthesis inoratidza yakakura pa 475 uye 675 nm (bhuruu uye dzvuku nharaunda, zvichiteerana), nepo iyo yakanyanya synthesis ye α-solanine uye α-chaconine inoitika pa430 nm uye 650 nm. Chlorophyll synthesis ishoma pa525-575 nm, nepo HCA ichiunganidza zvishoma pa510-560 nm (nzvimbo yegirinhi). Misiyano iyi inosimbisa fungidziro yenzira dzakasiyana dzeiyo biosynthesis yechlorophyll neHCA. Iyo chlorophyll yekumisikidza mumachubhu embatatisi yakafumurwa kuchiedza chebhuruu (0,10 W/m2) yakakwira zvakapetwa katatu mushure memazuva gumi nematanhatu ekuchengetedza zvichienzaniswa nembatatisi yakafumurwa mwenje webhuruu.
yakavhenekerwa nemwenje mutsvuku (0,38 W/m2). Mwenje weFluorescent (7,5 W/m2) unoburitsa 1,9 times more blue light (400-500 nm) pane mwenje we LED (7,7 W/m2), ukuwo mwenje we LED unoburitsa ka2,5 kanopfuura katsvuku chiedza (620-680 nm) pane fluorescent chubhu. Naizvozvo, kutsiva marambi efluorescent nemarambi eLED muzvitoro zvegirosari kunogona kuderedza kudyiwa kweakanyanya kukuvadza bhuruu wavelengths.
Machubhu embatatisi akachengetwa murima haana chlorophyll. Mushure mekupinda muchiedza, mukati memaawa mashoma, majini chaiwo anoitwa kuti abudise cheni yechlorophyll uye HCA synthesis zvigadzirwa. Tekinoroji yekuongorora tekinoroji inoita kuti zvikwanise kuona chimiro chemajini, uye zvakazoitika kuti maitiro ekugadzirisa genetic maitiro aya ane akasiyana chaiwo. Simba remarambi e-monochromatic LED ane akasiyana uye akamanikana spectral kuumbwa kwakadzidzwa. Kudzorwa kwechiedza chembatatisi tubers landscaping yakaitwa pasi pekuvhenekerwa nguva dzose kwakapihwa nemwenje emitting diodes (LEDs). Light wavelengths B (bhuruu, 470 nm), R (tsvuku, 660 nm) uye FR (kure tsvuku, 730 nm) uye WL (chena, 400-680 nm) yakashandiswa kwemazuva gumi. Bhuruu uye dzvuku wavelengths aibudirira mukukurudzira uye kuunganidza chlorophyll, carotenoids, uye maviri makuru mbatatisi glycoalkaloids, α-solanine uye α-chaconine, nepo hapana kana imwe yadzo yakaunganidzwa murima kana pasi pechiedza chitsvuku. Majini akakosha echlorophyll biosynthesis (HEMA10, inoisa chiyero-inomisa enzyme ye glutamyl-tRNA reductase, GSA, CHLH, uye GUN1) uye majini matanhatu (HMG4, SQS, CAS1, SSR1, SGT2, uye SGT1) inodiwa pakubatanidzwa kwe glycoalkaloids yakaitwawo muchena, bhuruu uye chiedza chitsvuku, asi kwete murima kana nechiedza chitsvuku (Fig.2). Aya data anoratidza basa reese ari maviri cryptochromic uye phytochromic photoreceptors mukuunganidzwa kwechlorophyll uye glycoalkaloids. Mupiro we phytochrome wakatsigirwa zvakare nekuona kuti kure kure dzvuku mwenje unogona kuvharidzira kuchena-induced kuunganidzwa kwe chlorophyll uye glycoalkaloids uye inobatanidzwa gene expression.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzembatatisi dzinoburitsa chlorophyll uye ruvara rwegirini pamitengo yakasiyana, iyo yakasimbiswa nezvidzidzo zvakawanda. Semuyenzaniso, Norway yakaona mutsauko mukushanduka kweruvara pakati pemacultivars uye yakagadzira zvikero zvakapatsanurwa zvemhando dzakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nezviyero zvechlorophyll uye ruvara. Kuchinja kwemavara emhando yemhando ina dzembatatisi dzakachengetwa kwemaawa makumi masere nemana pasi pekuvhenekerwa kwe LED kunoratidzwa mumufananidzo. 84.
Mushonga weganda dzvuku Asterix (Fig. 6a) yakaratidza kuwedzera kukuru kwekona yehue, kubva kune yakatsvuka kusvika kune yakasvibirira, nepo yellow cultivar Folva (Fig. 6b) yakashanduka kubva kune yero-yegirini kusvika kugirinhi-yellow. Iyo yero Celandie (Fig. 6c) yakaratidza kushanduka kushoma kwese kwemavara paramita pakusangana nechiedza, nepo yero siyana Mandel (Fig. 6d) yakachinja ruvara zvakanyanya, kubva kune yero kusvika kune greyish. Mune fomu yedhijitari, girafu yekuchinja kwemavara emhando dzakasiyana dzembatatisi muchiedza inotaridzika seizvi (Fig. 7).
Mukuedza uku, marudzi ese kunze kweMandel akaratidza kuwedzera kukuru kweglycoalkaloids yose mushure memaawa anopfuura 36 ekuratidzwa kwechiedza. Asi masimba ekuchinja uye chiyero cheHCA chinosiyana zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana: Asterix - kubva 179 kusvika 223 mg/kg, Nansen - kubva 93 kusvika 160 mg/kg, Rutt - kubva 136 kusvika 180 mg/kg, Celandin - kubva 149 kusvika 182 MG / kg, Folva - kubva 199 kusvika 290 MG/kg, Hassel - kubva 137 kusvika 225 MG/kg, Mandel - hapana kuchinja (192-193) MG/kg.
MuNew Zealand, marudzi ese embatatisi akaongororwa nekusimba kwegirinhi. Migumisiro yakaratidza kuti uwandu chlorophyll ari tubers pashure 120 maawa kuvhenekerwa mumhando dzakasiyana zvakasiyana nehurongwa ukuru - kubva 0,5 kusvika 5,0 MG (Fig. 8).
Mhedzisiro yakakosha inoshanda inotevera kubva kune iyi ruzivo rwenyanzvi. Pasi pesimba rechiedza, chlorophyll inogadzirwa mumbatatisi, iyo inopa nyama ruvara rwegirini, uye ganda rakasvibira kana brownish tint. Mhando dzakasiyana dzembatatisi dzinogadzira nzira dzakasiyana dzekusandura uye pamitengo yakasiyana. Iyo spectral kuumbwa kwechiedza kunotochinja dynamics yekuunganidza chlorophyll, asi sarudzo yekushandisa kure kure tsvuku spectrum, pamwe nerima (risingatungamiri mukuunganidza chlorophyll), haina basa kuzvitoro zvinotengesa mbatatisi. Kune mhando dzinounganidza kagumi chlorophyll pasi pemamiriro emwenje akafanana. Simba rekuunganidza glycoalkaloids rinosiyana nemasimba ekusvibira. Musiyano mukuru ndewekuti huwandu hwekutanga hweHCA mumachubhu usati wapinda mukutengesa uye kutanga kwemwenje wakadzika hauna kuenzana ne zero, kusiyana nechlorophyll, uye inogona kuve yakakosha. Kudzikira kwekusvibira kwemhando dzakawanda kunofanoronga kuvapo kwenguva refu kwembatatisi pamasherufu ezvitoro, izvo zvinotungamira mukuunganidzwa kwakanyanya kweHCA.
Sezvo zvichemo pamusoro pekuravira zvinovava hazviitike gore rega rega, zvinodikanwa kuti uwane zvimwe zvikonzero zvekuwedzera kweiyo glycoalkaloids mumachubhu ayo asina kukonzerwa nekuvhenekesa kana hunhu hwakasiyana padanho rekuita. Mukuita, hukama hunoshanda pakati pekusvibirira uye kuunganidzwa kweglycoalkaloids zvinoreva kudikanwa kwekuongorora zvikonzero zvekusvibirira. Zvinhu zvekugadzira zvinokanganisa greening uye HCA kuunganidza:
- Mamiriro ekukura: Kuva madzinde epasi, machubhu anogona kusanduka akasvibira mumunda pasina kufukidzwa kwevhu zvakakwana, kuburikidza nekutsemuka kwevhu, kana nekuda kwekukukurwa kwevhu nemhepo kana kudiridza. Uine izvi mupfungwa, mbatatisi inofanira kudyarwa zvakadzika zvakakwana uchichengetedza hunyoro hwevhu hwakakwana kuti huve nekukasira uye kwakafanana kubuda. Kuwedzera kwakaenzana mukusimba kwe tuber greening kunoitika nekuwedzera kwe nitrogen tsika muvhu kubva pa 0 kusvika 300 kg/ha. Panguva imwecheteyo, vatsvakurudzi vanocherechedza kuti maitiro maviri e nitrogen panguva yekurima anowedzera zvinyorwa zve glycoalkaloids ne 10% mune mamwe marudzi.Chero chezvakatipoteredza chinokanganisa kukura uye kukura kwemiti yemhuri ye nightshade inogona kukanganisa zviri mukati. glycoalkaloids. Mamiriro ekunze, kureba, rudzi rwevhu, hunyoro hwevhu, kuwanikwa kwefetereza, kusvibiswa kwemhepo, nguva yekukohwa, mishonga yemishonga yezvipembenene uye kuvhenekwa nezuva.
- Matuber maturity pakukohwa Mamiriro ekukura pakukohwa pakuita greening frequency anonetsa. Mbatatisi madiki ane matehwe akatsetseka uye matete anogona kusvibira nekukurumidza kupfuura mamwe machubhu akakura. Mhando dzekutanga dzinokura dzinogona kuratidza kuunganidzwa kukuru kweglycoalkaloids pane kunonoka kukura machubhu, asi pane humbowo hunopesana mune dzakananga zvidzidzo.
- Kukuvadza kune tubers hakukanganisi kuunganidzwa kweklorophyll nenzira ipi zvayo, asi kunotsamwisa kuunganidza kweHCA (mwero weHCA unowedzera zvakanyanya sezvaunoita semugumisiro wekutarisana nechiedza (Fig. 9).
- Kuchengetedza mamiriro. Machubhu akachengetwa patembiricha yakaderera haanyanye kubatwa negirinhi uye HCA kuunganidzwa. Mbatata yeganda tishu pa1 uye 5 ° C pasi pechiedza chefluorescent chakaratidza kusachinja kwemavara mushure memazuva gumi ekuchengetedza, nepo matukisi akachengetwa pa10 uye 10 ° C akashanduka akasvibira kubva pazuva rechina nerechipiri, zvichiteerana. Tembiricha yekuchengetera ye15°C pasi pemwenje yaratidza kuve yakakwana pakugadzira chlorophyll, inofananidzwa nezvitoro zvakawanda zvezvitoro. Glycoalkaloids inounganidza kaviri nekukurumidza pa20 ° C kupfuura pa24 ° C muimba ine rima, uye chiedza chinowedzera chiitiko ichi zvakanyanya.
- Packaging zvinhu. Sarudzo yekurongedza yezvitoro zvezvitoro chinhu chakakosha pakudzora kusvibira uye kuunganidza kweHCA. Translucent kana translucent yekurongedza zvinhu zvinosimudzira girinhi uye HCA synthesis, nepo yakasviba (kana yegirinhi) kurongedza kunononoka kuderera.
Zvichienderana nemaitiro akaedzwa akaedzwa, tinogona kugumisa nechivimbo kuti chiyero chepamusoro cheglycoalkaloids mumachubhu embatatisi emwaka uno zvichienzaniswa neyakajairwa nhanho inokonzerwa nemamiriro asina kunaka ekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa. Nguva yakareba yekupisa uye kusanaya kwemvura muna July - kutanga kwaSeptember kunonoka kuibva kwe tubers uye kutorwa kwe nitrogen, ivhu mumigero muminda pasina kudiridza rakatsemuka. Kutanga kwekukohwa kwakaitika kuseri kwevhu rakaoma zvakanyanya uye nhamba huru yemapundu akaoma, izvo zvakakonzera kuwedzera kukuvara kune tubers. Zvakadaro, nhanho yekukohwa yakadzikira nekuda kwekunaya kwemvura yakawandisa. Minda mushure mekubvisa, i.e. pasina mumvuri pamusoro pevhu, vakamirira kwenguva refu kukohwa. Aya mamiriro asina kunaka akabatsira kusvibira kwemachubhu uye kuumbwa kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hweHCA mavari.
Nzira dzinonyanya kushanda dzekudzivirira kuunganidzwa kusingadikanwi kweglycoalkaloids kunosvika pakudzikisira kwakanyanya kwekuratidzwa kwemachubhu kuchiedza panguva yekurima, kuchengetedza uye kutengeswa, kunyanya pakatarisana nekupisa kwakanyanya. Zviitiko zvekurima senge kudzika kwekudyara kwakaringana, kuumbwa kwemigero mikuru, mwero wakakwana wefetereza unoshandiswa nguva dzose mumatekinoroji ekugadzira mbatatisi. Immature tubers ine yakakwira solanine pane machubhu akakura. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kuti usakurumidza kukohwa, kuomesa madzinde zvakavimbika, uye kupa nguva yakakwana (mavhiki maviri kusvika matatu) kuti machubhu akure. Yakavimbiswa kudzivirira kutsemuka kwezvikomo zvinogoneka chete nerubatsiro rwenguva uye yakakwana yekudiridza nguva nenguva. Zvinokwanisika kuderedza migumisiro yekuputika munguva yekukohwa kusati kwasvika, mushure mokuiswa kwe desiccants, nekukungurutsa mitsetse. Kuti uite izvi, michina yakakosha yekuputira mitsara inogadzirwa-yakawanda, semuenzaniso, GRIMME RR 600, pane zvingasarudzwa zvekubatanidza ne defoliators (Fig. 10). Zvisinei, muRussian Federation, ivo vachiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya kashoma. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyi nzira yekurima iri nyore, yakachipa, inobereka uye inoshanda. Chiyero cheHCA chinokonzerwa zvakanyanya neyakasanganiswa mhedzisiro yemhando yechiedza, nguva uye kusimba. Chlorophyll yakasvibira nekuti inoratidza girinhi chiedza ichitora tsvuku-yero uye yebhuruu. Kuumbwa kweklorophyll kwakanyanyisa pasi pebhuruu uye orange-red illumination (Fig. 11). Pasi pechiedza chegirini, girini yembatatisi haigone kuitika, uye pasi pebhuruu kana ultraviolet mwenje, inoitika kune isina simba. Zviedza zvefluorescent zvinokonzeresa girini yakawanda kupfuura incandescent mwenje. Zvikamu, makamuri ekuchengetera mbatatisi anofanira kunge asina kujeka uye anotonhorera. Kuratidzwa kwemachubhu mukuchengetedza kune chiedza chezuva kunofanira kudzivirirwa. Shandisa low wattage incandescent bulbs uye usaasiye kwenguva yakareba kupfuura zvakakodzera. Ivhu riri pamusoro pemachubhu rinopa imwe dziviriro kubva pakuvhenekerwa kwechiedza uye kugadzira nyika. Mbatata yakagezwa inosvibira nekukurumidza. Kamwe mbatatisi yashanduka kusvibira, haidzoreki uye inofanira kurongwa isati yatengeswa.
Tekinoroji yemazuva ano Mwenje Emitting Diode (LED) inovhura mikana mitsva yekudzivirira kuumbwa kwe solanine mumatanho ese ekugadzirwa kwembatatisi mushure mekukohwa. Serily inogadzirwa marambi akakosha eindasitiri yembatatisi, inoshanda muhuwandu hwe520-540 nm (Fig. 12). Chiedza, chinoonekwa segirinhi neziso remunhu, zvinodzivirira kuumbwa kwe chlorophyll uye solanine uye nekudaro ndicho chinhu chakakosha kuchengetedza kukosha kwembatatisi panguva yekuchengetedza uye kuenderera mberi nekugadzirisa. Mwenje akadaro anonyanya kushanda munzvimbo dze pre-sale kugadzirira uye pre-sale chengetedzo yembatatisi dzakaputirwa. Uye mumwe mutemo wakajairika: chengetedza tembiricha yekuchengetera yakaderera uye chengetedza mbatatisi yakaoma, sezvo unyoro hunowedzera kusimba kwechiedza paganda.
Rudzi uye ruvara rwekurongedza zvinhu zvinokanganisa kusimba kweHCA kuunganidza. Kushambadzira uye kushambadza parutivi, zvakanakisa kurongedza mbatatisi dzako murima bepa kana rima mabhegi epurasitiki kudzivirira kuratidzwa nechiedza. Iko kune kurudziro yekuti zvinhu zvekurongedza zvemhando dzembatatisi dzakasimba zvinofanirwa kuve nemwenje wakazara wekutumira isingasviki 0,02 W/m2. Mwero wakaderera wekupinda kwemwenje unogoneka chete kana wakaiswa muplasitiki dema-maviri nealuminium. Mabhegi eGreen cellophane ekuona anodzivirira kusvibira uye haakurudzire kuumbwa kwe solanine. Zviri pachena kuti kurudziro yakadaro inowira muchikamu chezvinangwa zvakanaka kana zvasvika pakutengesa kwekutengesa mbatatisi. Packaging mavara mukutengeserana anosarudzwa chete mumamiriro ezvinhu ekusimudzira kutengesa.
Mamiriro ekuvhenekesa muzvitoro zvezvitoro zvakaomawo kuenzanisa. Iko hakuna makambani ekutengesa anogadzira mwenje zvichienderana nekuti iyo shoma HCA kuunganidza uye kusvibira kunoonekwa mu525-575 nm spectrum. Kunyangwe iyo inodiwa uye yakapusa nzira yekudzivirira sekuvhara mbatatisi nemwenje-inodzivirira zvinhu panguva yekuzorora haiwanzo kuitwa nezvitoro.
Pfupiso iri pamusoro inonyora nzira dzese dzinoshanda dzekudzivirira dzekudzora kuunganidzwa kweglycoalkaloids mumachubhu embatatisi. Pakave nekuedza kwakawanda kutsvaga nzira dzakasimba dzekusagadzikana: kurapwa nemafuta, wax, surfactants, makemikari, kukura regulators uye kunyange ionizing mwaranzi, izvo muzviitiko zvakawanda zvakaratidza kugona kwakanyanya. Zvisinei, nzira idzi hadzisi kushandiswa mukuita nekuda kwekuoma, kudhura uye matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza.
Tarisiro dzakajeka dzinoziviswa nevateveri vetekinoroji nyowani yekugadzirisa genome uye "kudzima" majini ekugadzira chlorophyll neHCA. Aya mabasa ari kuitwa nesimba uye akanyatsoitwa munyika dzakawanda, uko tekinoroji iyi haina kuverengerwa seGMO siyana (inoiswa muRussian Federation), pane zvakawanda zvinyorwa pamusoro penyaya iyi, asi kusvika zvino hapana chikonzero chekutaura. pamusoro pebudiriro dzinoshanda. Sezvinoita nzira dzakawanda dzakambotaurwa dzeshanduko dzekuberekesa, kufara kwekutanga kubva pamukana wekugadzirisa genome kunotsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nekuziva kwekunyanya kuoma kwemaitiro emagetsi. Zvakakwana kutarisa dhayagiramu inonyora maitiro atozivikanwa ane chekuita nekugadzirwa kweGCA uye majini embatatisi anobatanidzwa mumaitiro aya (Fig. 13). Pasinei nekujeka kuri pachena kweiyi dhizaini, mapoka evatsvagiri vane shungu vakatora nyaya iyi havasati vabudirira mukugadzirisa maitiro akaomarara ekudyidzana pakati pemajini akawanda uye zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa navo. Kuvhara kunoratidzika kunge kwakanyatsojeka, majini ega ega anotungamira kwete chete kune zvinotarisirwa shanduko mune chaiyo mazinga e glycoalkaloids, asiwo shanduko huru mukuumbwa kwezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvebiochemical, izvo izvo basa rekugadzirisa harina kuiswa.
Nekudaro, kunyangwe pasina kumirira kubudirira mune ramangwana mukugadzirisa genome, marudzi ese embatatisi ekutengesa parizvino ane zvakaderera, zvakachengeteka zvemukati zve glycoalkaloids, nekuda kwekuderera kusingachinji kwechiratidzo ichi mumakumi emakore mazhinji ebasa rekutanga rekubereka. Kana dziri mhando dzine chiyero chinononoka chekuunganidza chlorophyll uye kusvibira kwepeel, ichi hachisi chekudzosera uye hachisi chikonzero chekuvaramba. Asi kana uchitengesa mbatatisi, zvinodikanwa kuzivisa zviri pamutemo masangano ekutengeserana kuti iwo akasiyana ane zvakasarudzika kuitira kudzivirira kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kwemachubhu kune mwenje uye zvinokonzeresa zvirevo zvevatengi zvekuravira kusingatarisirwe kunorwadza mukusavapo kwekusvibira kuri pachena.