Zvinenge zvese zvekuRussia zvigadzirwa zvekurima zvinokurirwa kubva kune zvinounzwa mbeu. Urwu ndirwo rudzi rwekunze kwekutsiva muchikamu chekurima. Beet rimwe chete rakakura mumunda, rakadai seredu, asi mbeu dzebeet iyi dzakaunzwa kubva kunze kwenyika. Chii chichaitika kana rimwe zuva vasina kuunzwa?
Parlamentskaya Gazeta yakasarudza kuona kuti sei nyika ichienderera mberi nekuvimba nekutenga kunze kwenyika mukugadzirwa kwembeu, chiyero chekuvimba uku, uye kuti nyika ichagadzirisa sei dambudziko rekushomeka kwembeu dzekumba.
Tariro yevarimi-varimi?
"Zvakanaka, chii icho, kunyangwe ukatora rudzii - kune mazita ekune dzimwe nyika kwese kwese, nekuti mhodzi dzese dzinotengwa kunze kwenyika," akadaro sachigaro weFederal Council Valentina Matvienko panguva yekuvhurwa kwechivako chitsva chegreenhouse mudunhu reLeningrad.
Akarumbidza vashandi vepa greenhouse nekugona hunyanzvi hutsva, asi, achitotaura nevanhu vese vekurima nevamiriri vemitemo, akakurudzira kuti vashande pamwe nekudzoreredza chikamu chembeu kuitira kuti zvigadzirwa zvekurima zvigadziriswe kubva muzvinhu zvemumba.
Mamiriro ezvinhu mukugadzirwa kwembeu haana kunyatsonaka mumunda wekurima uye kurimwa kwemiriwo, akabvuma sachigaro weHurumende Duma Komiti yeAgrarian Issues Vladimir Kashin mukutaurirana naParlamentskaya Gazeta. Sekureva kwake, ivo vanogadzira shuga nefudzi yebeet vanoenderana zvakanyanya nembeu dzinotengwa kunze kwenyika. Mbeu dzemakwikwi emudzimba dzetsika iyi hadzisati dzagadzirwa, akadaro mutevedzeri.
Mamiriro ezvinhu nezviyo haasi nani zvakanyanya: musika uchiri kugarwa nevarimi vekunze avo vakaziva nzvimbo ino makumi emakore apfuura. Panguva imwecheteyo, varimi vembeu yeRussia vanogona kuve vakwikwidzi vakakomba kwavari, asi nekuda kweizvi nyika inofanira kuvatsigira.
Mbeu dzemumba dzinozivikanwa kwazvo pakati pevagari, akasimbisa Vladimir Kashin. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika pakurima "gadheni" miriwo. "Zvikamu makumi masere kubva muzana zvemiriwo (madomasi, magaka, mhiripiri nezvimwe) zvinogadzirwa nevanhu, uye chikamu ichi chakavharwa nekugadzirwa kwembeu mudzimba," akadaro paramende.
Imwe yezvirimwa zvemiriwo mishoma yakasimwa kubva kuzvinhu zvakatengwa kunze kwenyika matapiri Pano yakanaka yakanaka chikamu inogarwa nemhando dzeDutch, uye kudiwa kwadzo kunouya kwete chete kune varimiwo zvavo, asiwo kubva kumafemu makuru ekurima.
Mamiriro acho akanakisa muchikamu chezviyo zviyo. “Mhando dzedu dzakanaka, dzinokwikwidza uye dzinopa goho rakanaka, munzvimbo ino mune matambudziko mashoma. Asi kweanopfuura makore makumi maviri, vatangi uye vagadziri vekuchengetedza havana kugamuchira dhi kubva kuhurumende.
Nhepfenyuro dzakawanda dzawira mutswanda uye dzava nechikwereti, dzinoda kumutsiridzwa nekuvandudzwa, ”akanyunyuta Vladimir Kashin. Kuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa kwembeu: nguva yekumirira "nhungirwa" Imwe yematambudziko makuru anotadzisa kukura kwekugadzirwa kwembeu muRussia mutemo wekare. Mutemo paKugadzirwa kweMbeu hauna kuchinja kubvira pawakavambwa pakati pemakore makumi mapfumbamwe. Uye kunyangwe paine kuyedza kwega kuita kuti zviitike, hapana kana mumwe wavo akawana simba repamutemo.
Sekureva kwaVladislav Korochkin, nhengo yePublic Council pasi peBazi rezvekurima reRussian Federation, tsika dzegwaro iri dzinochengeta varimi veRussia vari vega. "Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uchinje mirau mizhinji inotadzisa kutenderera kwemahara nekutengeswa kwembeu, kuomesa kupinza uye kuchinjana kwemajini kune avo vanoda kuita zvekuberekesa, ese ari maviri masayendisiti esainzi uye vangori vafudzi vanofarira," akadaro nyanzvi.
Tichifunga nezve iko kuzadzikiswa kwenyaya yekusimudzira kugadzirwa kwembeu, iyo State Duma yatove nehurongwa hwekupedzisa Mutemo "Pakugadzirwa kwembeu". Vladimir Kashin akasimbisa ruzivo urwu kuParlamentskaya Gazeta, achicherekedza kuti zvakafanira kugadzirisa chikamu ichi chekurima "padhuze nepamusoro", kusanganisira kugadzirwa kwesainzi hwaro uye kusimudzira sisitimu yekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvine hutano zvekudyara.
Nyaya yekuvandudza hwaro hwetekinoroji yakanyanya kunetseka kumatunhu edu, akawedzera Alexander Polyakov, nhengo yeDuma Komiti yeAgrarian Issues. “Nyika yedu inoshandisa michina yechinyakare ine makore makumi maviri kusvika pamakumi matatu, uye masayendisiti mazhinji ekuRussia akasiya anoshanda kunzvimbo dzekudyidzana dzekunze. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu anofanira kushandukirwa, ”mutevedzeri ane chokwadi. Kubva gore rapfuura, Hurumende yanga ichishanda pakumutsiridzwa kwekugadzirwa kwembeu nekusarudzwa.
Pachinzvimbo chaMutungamiri Vladimir Putin, Bazi rezvekurima rakagadzira Federal Scientific uye technical Program yeKusimudzira Kwekurima kwe2017-2025. Inopa zvikamu zvakasiyana zvakatsaurirwa kukudziridza kuberekana uye kugadzirwa kwembeu yemapatata, pamwe nebeet, miriwo, sunflowers nechibage.
Tichifunga nezve mugwagwa wepurojekiti iyi, ese ari maviri anofanira kunge atove munzira yekuita.
Ichokwadi chekuti nyika yakakoshesa kuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa kwembeu kwakasimbiswa zvakare nemutevedzeri wasachigaro weFederal Council Committee yeAgrarian neFood Policy uye Environmental Management Irina Gekht. “Nhasi kugadzirwa kwenzvimbo dzekudyara mbeu nenzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mbeu kuri kupihwa rubatsiro. Uye ivo, musimboti, vatotanga kugadzirwa, semuenzaniso, muSt.Petersburg nedunhu reChelyabinsk, "- akadaro seneta kune" Parlamentskaya Gazeta ".
Kune zvakare kunzwisisana kubva kubhizinesi remuno, akawedzera. Nekudaro, makuru ekurima ekubata arikuwedzera kugadzira yavo yekuzvarira uye yekugadzira mbeu nzvimbo. "Kureva, uku kufambidzana kubva kumabhizimusi nehurumende."
Ndinofunga kuti mumakore mashanu kusvika manomwe anotevera tichagadzirisa dambudziko iri, ”akadaro paramende.
Kunze kwenyika zvichatibatsira
Sezvo zvisinganzwisisike sezvazvinogona kurira, kuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa kwembeu yeRussia kazhinji kunze kwenyika hazvigoneke. Vladislav Korochkin, nhengo yePublic Council pasi peBazi rezvekurima reRussian Federation, akataura nezve izvi muchitaurwa kuParamende Gazeti.
Izvo zvese ndezve mhando yembeu, iyo inogona kupihwa chete nemamiriro ekunze akanaka. Sekureva kwake, mhodzi dzakakurwa muRussia dzinogona kunge dziine "dzisingasviki" chaizvo nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze akashata: kumwe kunhu hakuna kukwana zuva, kumwe kunotonhora zvakanyanya kana kuti hakuna mvura yakakwana yekudiridzira, kumwe kunaya panguva yekukohwa uye etc. Nekudaro, matambudziko aya anozivikanwawo kune vanogadzira vekunze, kunyanya kubva kuchamhembe kweEurope. Saka varimi vembeu vari kutsvaga nzvimbo dzakanakisa pasi rese.
Mazhinji anovimbisa minda ari muSouthern Hemisphere. Izvo zvivakwa zvinotevera, mapurazi, makondirakiti nezvimwe zvese zviri kusimukira ipapo, izvo zvinokanganisa kugadzirwa kwembeu inoshanda uye isingadhuri, Vladislav Korochkin akadaro. "VaDutch, semuenzaniso, havangoburitse chero mbeu kumba - vanoirima kuUSA, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Zealand nedzimwe nyika," rakadaro Gwaro reParamende.
Makambani emiriwo eRussia, akadaro, anoita zvakafanana nezvikonzero zvakafanana: ivo vanotokura zvikamu makumi masere kubva muzana zvemarudzi avo nemahybrids kunze kwenyika. Uye zvakare, nekuita izvi, vagadziri vanoenzanisa mwaka wemwaka. “Kana tava nechando - chirimo muSouthern Hemisphere, mhodzi dzinoibva. Panguva yatinozotanga kudyara, vanokohwewa, ndiko kuti, vanouya kwatiri vari vatsva, ”akatsanangura kudaro nhengo yePublic Council iri pasi peMinistry of Agriculture.
Maitiro ekubva "tsono" yembeu inotengeswa kunze kwenyika
Russia inoda budiriro nyowani mukubereka kuitira kuti isavimbe nembeu dzakatengwa kunze, Alexander Polyakov, nhengo yeDare Duma Komiti yeAgrarian Issues, anogutsikana. Achishandisa muenzaniso wenzvimbo yake yekuzvarwa Tambov dunhu, akaratidza "Parlamentskaya Gazeta" matunhu arikutsvaga nzira dzekusimudzira kuzvimiririra.
Dunhu reTambov inzvimbo yekurima, asi dunhu iri rakatarisana nematambudziko akakomba mukugadzirwa kwembeu.
Semuenzaniso, kushomeka kwemhando yepamusoro yekudyara zvinhu kunotadzisa kukura kwezvirimwa zvembatatisi. Kuti kuwedzere huwandu hwezvigadzirwa uye kuburitsa zvinounzwa kunze kwenyika, kuitwa kweinvestment project yekuvaka nzvimbo yekusarudza uye yekugadzira mbeu yatanga. Ichashandisa nzira dzekuvandudza biotechnology dzinobvumidza kukura mbeu isina hutachiona. Kazhinji, kune gumi nematatu mapurazi embeu akanyoreswa mudunhu reTambov, uye ese akaitirwa kuburitsa mbeu dzekubereka kwakakwirira kwemarudzi anovimbisa. Basa rakakomba riri kuitwa nebazi reRosselkhoztsentr mudunhu reTambov, kunyanya maererano nekutarisa mhando yemidziyo yembeu, kuongorora kwehutano hwezvirimwa uye kupararira kwezvipuka zvine njodzi, pamwe nemazano ekurwisa.
Bata neWestern Agrotitan: Kutyisidzira kana Kubatsira?
Nepo chikamu chembeu chiri kugadzirira "kusimuka kubva mumadota ema90," makambani ekunze anogona kutora musika. Sekureva kwaSenator Irina Gekht, kubatanidzwa kwekambani yeGerman Bayer nemugadziri weAmerica wemishonga yekuuraya sora uye mbeu dzeGMO, Monsanto, zviri kunetsekana.
Nhasi, kumisikidzwa kwenzvimbo dzekudyara mbeu nenzvimbo dzekucherera zviri kupihwa rubatsiro. Uye ivo, musimboti, vatotanga kugadzirwa, semuenzaniso, muSt Petersburg neChelyabinsk nharaunda. FAS yakabvumidza chibvumirano padunhu reRussia, ichimanikidza mubatanidzwa kuti ugovane "zvakavanzika zvebudiriro" nevarimi veRussia kuitira kuti vakwanise kukwikwidza. Tiri kutaura nezvekushandira pamwe kwemakore mashanu mumunda we digital biotechnology.
Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, Bayer - Monsanto inoendesa michina yembeu: mamorekuru ekuberekesa chibage, rapeseed, soya, gorosi, pamwe nehumwe hutachiona (kuunganidzwa kwemajini) ematomatisi, magaka, kabichi uye zvirimwa zvakanyorwa pamusoro.
IFAS inoongorora chibvumirano ichi neagro-giant zvakanaka, ichivimba kuti ichabatsira kusimudzira chikamu chekurima chemumba. Asi maseneta havaoni chero tariro mune ino chiitiko. “Mushure mekubatana kweBayer-Monsanto, vanozoita monopolies mumusika wepasi rose wembeu. Pano tinoona kutyisidzira kune zvese nyika uye chikafu, ”akadaro Irina Gekht.
Nyanzvi pane zvezvekurima munhau zvinoburitsawo kusahadzika: mumaonero avo, matekinoroji anopiwa neyemunhu wese haangabatsire varimi veRussia nenzira ipi neipi, nekuti ivo havazokwanise kuzvishandisa nekuda kwezvechinyakare zviwanikwa zvekushandisa uye kushaya ruzivo.
Source: www.nssrussia.ru