Ndeapi mikana iyo kuberekesa mbatatisi kunovhura uye nzira yekutsiva inodhura mhando dzakatorwa kunze kwenyika nemahybrids? Uyu wakava musoro wenyaya wekutsvaga nekugadzira seminari yakaitirwa kuSouth Ural Research Institute yeHorticulture uye Mbatatisi Kukura (YUNIISK). Masayendisiti akaunza zvitsva zvemhando dzembatatisi uye matekinoroji ekudzivirira zvirimwa kubva kuzvirwere netumbuyu.
Zvinhu zvitsva parukova
Musoro weSangano Nikolay Glaz yakaratidza mhando dzembatatisi dzakaberekwa nevaberekesi veYUNIISK, izvo zvave kuita miedzo yenyika dzakasiyana.
"Imwe yenzvimbo huru dzesarudzo kwatiri kugadzirwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzinoenderana nekugadziriswa kwemaindasitiri," akadaro. - Semuenzaniso, iyo nyowani nyowani "Zakhar" inoratidza yakanaka yekutanga mhedzisiro mumarudzi akasiyana miedzo. Pane tariro yechokwadi yekuti ichave yakamisikidzwa. Mhando yeKashtak yakaendeswa kunovhenekwa nenyika muna 2018. Pakati pezvakanaka zvacho goho repamusoro, nekuti iri mhando yakasimba.
Sekureva kwesainzi, gore rino mhando nyowani "albatross" iri kugadzirirwa kuongororwa kuState Sort Inspectorate. Kubatsira kwayo kukuru kupokana nekenza, nematodes uye zvimwe zvirwere zvezvirimwa. Uye zvakare, ine rekodhi goho - matani makumi mashanu pahekita, yakakwira starch yezvinhu - 50%, yakanakisa kuravira uye kuchengetedza.
"Pakati pezvakanyanya kuwanikwa pakuberekesa kwemazuva ano kusikwa kwemarudzi ane ganda rine mavara uye machubhu ane mavara," anodaro Nikolai Glaz. - Vafudzi vedu vakagadzirawo mhando dzakasiyana dzembatatisi, isu tinoronga kuiendesa kunoyedzwa munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Mumakore achangopfuura, YUNIISK yakagadzira mhando dzakadai se "bhokisi remuviri", "bracelet", "cavalier", "ichil". Nechekare mhedzisiro yekutanga yemiyedzo yakasiyana siyana yakaratidza kuramba kwavo kukuru kuzvirwere uye kuchengetedza kwakanaka.
Mbeu yemhando yepamusoro yekudyara mbatatisi inosimbiswa ne meristem kupora uchishandisa iyo inonzi tekinoroji ye micropropagation kubva pachigamba cheshizha, iyo inokutendera iwe kubvisa hutachiona uye zvirwere zvezvirimwa.
Tsiva "vakadzi vatorwa"
Nekudaro, kazhinji, kuvandudzwa kwemhando dzakasiyana idambudziko rakakomba kune varimi vembatatisi mudunhu iri. Nhasi muChelyabinsk mudunhu makakura makumi maviri neshanu matapiri, ayo mashanu chete akagadzirirwa nzvimbo yedu yemamiriro ekunze. Chaizvoizvo, iyi ndiyo mhando yeNevsky, mumakore achangopfuura yakadzvanywa zvakanyanya neDutch neGerman Red Scarlett, Romano, naRosara. Mhando dzemumba dzakaberekerwa muYUNIISK dzichiri kutora chikamu chidiki chekudyara: semuenzaniso, "Tarasov" - 25 mahekita, "Spiridon" - mahekita mashanu chete.
Mukuona kwevarimi, zvakafanira kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwembatatisi mbeu yekusarudzwa mudzimba, nekuti mahybridi ekunze ari kukurumidza kudzikira uye mbeu yemidziyo inofanira kutengwa zvakare kunze kwenyika. Kutanga kwakaitwa: masayendisiti akagadzira seti yemhando nyowani, munzira zhinji isiri yakaderera kune yekunze.
Munharaunda yeChelyabinsk, kugadzirwa kwembatatisi kwakanyanya munzvimbo dzemumaguta - Argayashsky, Sosnovsky neKrasnoarmeysky. Sezvakataurwa Yuri Zasypkin, mukuru wedhipatimendi rekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa uye zvidiki zvekurima zveMinistry of Agriculture yenharaunda, maererano nezvakafanotaurwa, anenge zviuru zana nemakumi maviri ematani ematatata acharimwa gore rino. Izvi, tichifunga nezve zvigadzirwa zvakaunzwa kubva kumatunhu akavakidzana, zvakaringana kuverengera nharaunda uye huwandu hwenharaunda. Gore rakapera, masangano anorima mbatatisi nemapurazi chete akakura nekukohwa zviuru zana nemakumi mana nematanhatu zvematani embatata.
- Kwemakore makumi maviri apfuura, ichi chiitiko chekukohwa kwedunhu, - akadaro mutambi. Wokutanga Mutevedzeri Gurukota rezvekurima wedunhu Alexander Zavalishchin. - Pairi vhoriyamu, zviuru makumi mana zvematani matapiri anotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Nekuwedzera mukugadzirwa, varimi vedu vakatarisana nedambudziko rekutengesa tubers. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vatengi nemaketani ekutengesa havagutsikane nechimwe chinhu. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uongorore mamiriro ari pamusika uye woita kunyorera kumasayendisiti kuti agadzire mhando nyowani dziri kudiwa pamusika.
Source: https://up74.ru/