Varimi veRussia vanosarudza vekunze mhando dzeminda yekuvhura miriwo. Elena Alekperova, Director General weAgrostat Agency, akataura nezve zvikonzero zvekusadzikama uku uye nezvezvakasiyana zvekuparadzirwa kwekugadzirwa kweminda yeminda muRussia.
Chinyorwa: Alexandra Nevskaya
Elena Alekperova
General Director weAgrostat Agency
Sangano rakazvimirira rekuongorora "Agrostat" rave nemakore makumi maviri nemaviri vachitsvaga pakushambadzira mumunda wezvekurima. Ichi chidzidzo chakavakirwa pakuferefeta kwakananga kwevagadziri vekurima kubva kumatunhu ese eRussia. 22 kubvunzurudzwa kwemapurazi kwakashanda sosi yekutsvaga data rekutsvagisa nezvemiriwo yakasimwa muRussia musango.
Kukohwa kwakakura uye nzvimbo yakadyarwa yemiriwo muvhu rakavhurika
Sekureva kweFederal State Statistics Service, mumakore apfuura, goho rakakura remiriwo muvhu rakavhurika mumabhizinesi ezvekurima uye mapurazi evarimi venyika anga achikura zvishoma nezvishoma. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzvimbo dzakasimwa dzinogarwa nemiriwo zvirimwa dzinogara padanho rakaenzana. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza zvese shanduko dzemhando dzakasiyana nemapurazi kuenda kune zvimwe zvinogadzira, uye kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira matekinoroji.
Kugovera kwekunze kwemiriwo kugadzirwa mumhando dzakasiyana dzemapurazi
Sekureva kwaRosstat, kuburitswa kwese kwemashamba akavhurika munyika kwemakore mashanu - kubva muna2014 kusvika 2019 - kwakawedzera nematani mazana mashanu nemakumi mashanu nemaviri. Panguva imwecheteyo, panguva ino, kugoverwa patsva kwekurimwa kwemiriwo mumapurazi makuru uye madiki hakuna kuitika - sepakutanga, zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvinogadzirwa nevanhu nekuda kwezvinangwa zvavo.
Zvisinei, zvinofadza kuti mugove uyu uri kuramba uchidzikira nekuda kwemaindasitiri - mapurazi evarombo uye mabhizinesi ezvekurima. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane kufambira mberi muindastiri. Kuwedzera kwechikamu chekugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvega zvega, pane kudaro, kwaizoreva kumira uye kudzoreredza kwemaindasitiri.
Geographic kugoverwa kwebvunzurudzo netsika
Iyo yekuongorora agency Agrostat yakaita 270 mabvunzurudzo (imwe yechirimwa chimwe nechimwe) mumapindu akasvinwa emapurazi emiriwo. Kuparadzaniswa kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa kwakanyatso kucherechedzwa: kana madomasi nemakomichi akadyarwa zvakasununguka kumaodzanyemba kweRussia (muKrasnodar neStavropol Territories, Kabardino-Balkaria, Astrakhan neVolgograd Regions), ipapo mune mamwe matunhu avanorima. kunyanya miriwo yezvinonzi borsch set.
Chii chinokanganisa sarudzo yekuita mukugadzirwa kwemiriwo yekunze
Sei varimi vachisarudza ichi kana icho chirimwa kurima? Pakutanga, hongu, kune mamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro evhu, pamwe nehunyanzvi hwekugona kwehupfumi uye neruzivo rweagronomist. Zvisinei, inenge yakakosha sezvo iyi tsika inobatsira uye iri kudiwa mumusika.
Dzimba dzekunze nekune dzimwe nyika - mamiriro enzvimbo
Zvinonakidza kuti iyo yakanyanya nzvimbo yemhando dzekusarudzika mudzimba muRussia inogarwa nemakango. Zvishoma pane zvese, mapurazi ane dzakasiyana siyana dzekarotsi uye madomasi ekusarudzwa kweRussia.
Kune mamwe matambudziko akajairika ane chekuita nemhando dzakasiyana dzevagadziri vekurima. Pakati pavo, maviri akakosha anogona kutumidzwa zita: mutengo wakakwira wembeu dzemamwe mahybrids uye iko kumashure kwekuberekesa kwemumba. Chiyero chemhando dzakasiyana dzekune dzimwe nyika uye dzekumba kusarudzwa
inotaura pachayo: minda yedu pasina mubvunzo inotongwa nemhando dzakasiyana uye mahybridi emiriwo akagadzirwa kunze. Zvinotaridza kuti miriwo yekusarudzwa kweRussia inofanirwa kuchinjika kune mamiriro ekunze nemamiriro epasi, inofanirwa kuve inopokana nezvirwere zvemuno nezvipembenene. Nekudaro, kubereka kwepamba kunoramba kuri kuraira kwedzidzo uye parizvino kuri kushomeka.
Kwose kugutsikana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana
Kazhinji, varimi vanogutsikana nemhando dzakasiyana dzemusika wezvirimwa zvemiriwo. Mapurazi ndiwo asingagutsikane nemhando dzakasiyana dzemadomasi nemagaka. Nekudaro, iri danho rekugutsikana rinotaura, zvinosuruvarisa, chete kuti varimi havana ruzivo rwakakwana nezvevamwe.
mhando uye mahybrids emiriwo.
Iko kune inonakidza nuance: mapurazi anoziva zvakanyanya zvirinani nezve dzakasiyana siyana miriwo yekusarudzwa kwekunze kupfuura nezve mhando dzeRussia sarudzo.
Zvitubu zveruzivo rwakashandiswa uye padanho rekuvimba mavari
Varimi vanogashira ruzivo kubva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Iyo yakavimbika kwazvo data zvechokwadi inouya kubva pane chako chiitiko. Asi zvinonakidza, rwechipiri ruzivo rwakakosha runobva kune vakasiyana siyana vanogadzira uye vanogadzira mbeu. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti ivo vanogadzira zvemhando dzakasiyana, vagadziri vembeu nevarimi vane hukama zvakanyanya uye zvakanangana, uye kana rimwe zuva ruzivo rwakagamuchirwa kubva kune muparidzi "ruchinyengedza" murimi, acharasikirwa nechirimwa, uye muparidzi acharasikirwa nemutengi.
Kuvimbika kumhando dzakashandiswa uye mahybrids - zvirongwa zvegore rinotevera
Sekukurukurirana kunoratidza, varimi havawanzo shandura mhando dzinoshandiswa papurazi. Nekudaro, rinenge gore rega rega nyowani dzinoiswa mukutenderera dzisingachinje
mhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nenyaya yekuti mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvirimwa zvemuriwo dzakasungirirwa kune mamwe marudzi zvakanyanya kusimba kupfuura tekinoroji yekurima zvirimwa zvemumunda. Mukubatana kwakaomarara nemhando dzakasiyana kana musanganiswa wemiriwo, pane seti yemachina nemidziyo, pamwe nefetiraiza uye zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza zvirimwa.
Mamiriro ezvinhu ekuchinja kune epamba marudzi uye mahybrids
Chokwadi, varimi veRussia vaizoda kuchinjira kumhando dzakasiyana dzeRussia. Nekudaro, izvi hazviitike kusvikira varimi vagutsikana nezvehunhu hwakakodzera hwembeu uye vave nechivimbo mukufungidzira kwemhedzisiro.