Alexey Krasilnikov, Executive Director vePotato Union yeRussia
Yakakura masheya uye yakaderera mitengo. Potato ongororo yemusika
Mamiriyoni mazana matanhatu nemazana matanhatu ematani emapoto akakohwewa nevaRussia varimi vekurima mumaindasitiri muna 6,7. Asi kukohwa kwakanaka hakuvimbisi mari yakakwira, uye mwaka unopera zvakare unosimbisa iyi pfungwa.
Masheya embatata etafura mumatunhu
Sekureva kwaRosstat, kubva musi waNdira 1, 2019, huwandu hwemitengo yemapoto etafura emabhizinesi makuru ezvekurima akakwira zvishoma kupfuura pane rimwechete gore rakapfuura. Anosvika zviuru zana nemazana matani ezviuru zvigadzirwa zvinoramba zviri muchengeti, izvo zviri 1100% zvichienzaniswa nenguva yakafanana muna 115. Iwo makuru masara anozivikanwa mutsika mumatunhu anotungamira eindastiri: muBryansk (matani zviuru gumi nemakumi matatu, izvo zvakapetwa katatu kupfuura gore rapfuura pane rimwechete iro zuva), Tyumen (matani zviuru gumi nemanomwe, izvo zvakapetwa ka2018 nguva kana zvichienzaniswa gore rapfuura), Lipetsk (112 zviuru matani) kumatunhu. Kuwedzera kwakakosha kwekuchengetedza mbatatisi kwakanyorwa munharaunda yeKemerovo (makumi matanhatu ematani, iyo yakawedzera kakapetwa kanomwe kupfuura dhata regore rapfuura). Munzvimbo yeMoscow, mbatatari yemasheya zvakare yakanyanya kukwirira, kana mukatarisa huwandu (makumi manomwe ezviuru zvematani), asi izvi 112% zvakaderera kana zvichienzaniswa gore rapfuura.
Price list
Pakati paJanuary, mudunhu reMoscow, avhareji mutengo unodhura weputi mbatatisi yakanga iri pamazinga gumi nemaviri rubles / kg; mune mamwe matunhu (Bryansk, Samara, Tyumen), mbatatisi dzakatengeswa kuma 12 rubles / kg. Munzvimbo dzinoverengeka, isu tinocherekawo zvakaderera zviratidzo, kutanga kwezvose, tiri kutaura pamusoro penzvimbo dzavakakohwa zvakanaka uye hombe mbatatisi dzakachengetedzwa, idzo "dzinopwanya" musika.
Kana isu tikanzvera iyo pikicha yakazara, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti tafura mbatata muRussia yese inochengetedza chimiro cheimwe yezvigadzirwa zvinodhura (mitengo iri 15-30% yakaderera pane gore rapfuura, zvichienderana nedunhu). Kuderera kushoma kwakanyorwa mumatunhu, asi maitiro acho haasati atifadza.
Izvo zvinogara zvakaomesesa kufanotaura nezvenguva yemberi, asi zvinogona kufungidzirwa nechokwadi chikuru kuti gore rino mwero wemutengo mumusika wedu uchave wakaderera mukutengwa kwezvekunze zvakabikwa mbatatisi: isu tinotarisira huwandu hwakakura hwezvigadzirwa zveEgipite (uye gore rapfuura iro rizere Kutengeswa mbatata kweEgypt kunosvika zviuru mazana manomwe nemakumi mashanu neshanu, uye yakawanda yacho yakagamuchirwa neRussia) ichaenda kune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope dzakakanganisika muna 755 nekusanaya kwemvura.
Nhasi tinoona kuti muPoland neCzech Republic, tafura mbatatisi yakakwira mumutengo kaviri kana katatu, uye kune kushomeka kwezvigadzirwa. Kunyange hazvo, macheni eRussia ekutengesa haana kugadzirira kusiya zvachose matapiri ekunze. Kune ruzivo rwekushanda kuti kutenga kwembatatisi yekutanga nevashandisi vakuru kuri kutoenderera, uye mitengo yekupinda parizvino yakanyanya kukwirira: $ 400-480 patani. Rangarira kuti gore rapfuura, pakutanga kwemwaka, mbatatari dzekunze dzakatengwa paavhareji pamasendi makumi matanhatu pakg, asi gare gare, tichifunga nezvekuwandisa kwemusika, mutengo wakadzika kusvika pamasendi makumi matatu kusvika pamakumi matatu. Izvo zvinokwanisika kuti kukura kwakadaro kunoonekwa kwakabatana nekuwedzera kwemutengo wembatatisi mumusika wepamusha weEjipitori: vagadziri vekurima vemuno vanonyatso ziva kuti kudiwa kwezvigadzirwa zvavo gore rino kwakakwirira zvakanyanya, uye ivo vari kuyedza kuwana mabhenefiti akakura mumamiriro azvino mamiriro. Ngatirege kurerutsa mamiriro ekunze: vezvenhau vanotaura kuti muna Ndira kwakanaya muEjipitori uye pakave nekutonhora kwakadzikama, uko kunogona kukanganisa goho.
Mutengi weRussia akagadzirira kutenga zvimwe here? Imwe chikamu chehuwandu hwevanhu ingangove hongu, asi ruzhinji mune iripo mamiriro ehupfumi zvechokwadi huchaita sarudzo mukufarira zvimwe zvido zveruzhinji. Nekuda kweizvi, maketeni ekutengesa anogona kuisa mbatata dzeEgypt pamashalofu ane chiyero chidiki-kumusoro - mamiriro akafanana anocherechedzwa nhasi neRussia kabichi, mitengo yekutengesa yakawanda yakakwira kakapetwa katatu kusvika katatu pamusoro pemwedzi wapfuura, asi muzvitoro kukwira kwemitengo hakuonekwe zvakadaro. Asi mutsauko wemutengo mune chero chirevo uchave wakakosha.
Nekune rumwe rutivi, mukusangana neshure kwechigadzirwa chakadhura chinotengeswa kunze kwenyika, mitengo yezvivakwa inogona "kutora".
Izvo hazvina kuoma kuziva zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kutopesvedzera mamiriro acho munguva pfupi iri kutevera. Semuenzaniso, vanoongorora zvemamiriro ekunze vanovimbisa kwenguva refu yakaoma chando muWestern Siberia (uko, sezvakataurwa pamusoro, huwandu hukuru hwemazitepisi hwakanyorwa pane zvasara). Kudonhedza kwakasimba mukushisa kunogona kuwedzera mutengo wekuchengetedza uye kutakura mbatatisi. Pane mukana wekuti mune dzimwe dzimba chigadzirwa chinotambura nechando uye kazhinji chinobva pamusika. Asi izvi ndizvo zvega zvechimoji. Zvinozoitika zvese zvinhu sezvazviri, isu tinogona kungofungidzira.
Mbatatirwa kunze
Sekureva kweAFSS, huwandu hwekutengesa mbatatisi muna 2018 (panguva iyi isu tine data chete kusvika Zvita 2018) hwakadzikira nezvikamu makumi masere nezvisere kubva muzana kana zvichienzaniswa gore rapfuura uye zvasvika pamamiriyoni gumi nematatu emamirioni huremu huremu hwematani 28. Chaizvoizvo, kuderera kwacho kwaikonzerwa nekudzikira kwezvinhu zvekuendesa kuAzerbaijan. Yeuka kuti mwaka wadarika Russia yakadzora zvakanyanya huwandu hwekutenga mbatatisi yekutanga yeAzerbaijan (iyo niche yakavharwa nechigadzirwa cheIjipita), semugumisiro, vagadziri veAustralia vakarasikirwa nekuramba kutenga tafura yekupedzisira yeRussia nembatatisi yembeu. Zvingangoitika kuti vamwe vavo vakamanikidzwa kushandisa chikamu chegoho ravo sezvinhu zvembeu.
Inoyerera mbatatisi ku ware kuenda kuUkraine (DNI uye LPR) yakatetepa neimwe nzira, kunyange kazhinji ingangoita, mushure mekutora data yaZvita 2018, mutsauko wezviratidzo zvegore ra 2017 na 2018 unenge uri mudiki.
Asi zvinonakidza kuziva kuti idzva nzira dzekudzivirira dzakavhurwa: munhu mumwe neumwe akawanda etafura mbatata kubva kuRussia yakatengeswa kuSerbia neIraq uku kudonha.
Gore rakapfuura, akawanda mavhoriyamu embeu dzakagadzirwa neRussia akagoverwa kuUzbekistan. Izvo zvichave zvakaoma kufungidzira kana zvichakwanisika kuchengetedza chiteshi ichi chevanodyara mbeu yekudyara mugore idzva. Izvo zvinodiwa kuti tifunge kuti muna 2018 chirimwa chakakura chemapoteri chakawanikwa muKyrgyzstan, varimi vemuno varimi vari munjodzi uye vari kuita zvese zvekutengesa zvigadzirwa zvavo kuvavakidzani vepedyo. Nyaya yekugovera iri kugadziriswa padanho rehurumende, uye mhedzisiro yenhaurirano hadzisati dzizivikanwa kwatiri.
Izvo zvakaomesawo panguva yacho kutaura nezve tarisiro yeRussia mbatatisi inopihwa kuTajikistan. Kune vanhu vari kuda kutenga zvigadzirwa zvedu muno, asi makambani aya anofarira kushanda pasi pezvibvumirano zvekubhadhara zvakabhadharwa, uye pari zvino hatisati takwanisa kuwana rutsigiro rwehurumende maererano nezvevimbiso dzemari kune vanogadzira dzimba.
Shandai mukuita basa rekuburitsa kunze kwenyika kwemabhizimusi ekugadzirisa mbatatisi. Kunyanya, Belaya Dacha yakamisa zvinhu zvezvigadzirwa zvayo (maFrench fries) kuIsrael, Saudi Arabia, Morocco uye haina kuronga kumira ipapo.
Mbatatisi
Maererano neruzivo mukupera kwaJanuary 2019, cheki yembeu yekugadzirwa kwekunze yakagadzirirwa kutumirwa kuRussia haisati yapedzwa. Vanoongorora yeRosselkhoznadzor vanoenderera mberi nekuongorora mabhesi embeu dzeGerman, Dutch neFinnish. MunaFebruary, sampling yekuwongorora mbatatisi yembeu muFrance ichatanga (yekutanga application yekuendesa kuRussia - matani chiuru). Zvichida, mhedzisiro yacho inozozivikanwa pakati peFebruary. Asi nhasi tinogona kutaura kuti zvakanyanya muna 1000 Russia ichadzora huwandu hwekutenga mhodzi dzakagadzirwa-mbesa mbatatisi (gore rakapera takapinza matani anopfuura zviuru gumi nemaviri embeu yembeu kubva kuWestern Europe). Chikonzero chikuru: kusanaya kwemvura, kwakakonzera kuderera kwezvibereko pakati pevagadziri vakuru. Kune mhodzi yembeu mumusika, mairairo ayo anouya kubva pasi rese, mitengo iri kuwedzera. Zvakangodaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kusvika parizvino, zvipo zvembeu dzakagadzirwa-European kuti zviwanikwe muhurongwa hwenyika yedu kuburikidza nevamiriri veRussia vane 2019-12% chibvumirano, izvo zvinoratidza kudikanwa kwakasimba kwezvinhu izvi mumusika wedu.
Ehe, kuderedzwa kwezvekupihwa zveEurope zvembatatisi yembeu hazvizounza kushomeka kwekudyara, kune zvakakwana zvinopihwa kubva kuvarimi vembeu pamusika nhasi.
Mukupera kwaFebruary, musangano wepagore weFSBI "State Commission" uchaitwa, wakatemerwa kuferefetwa kwezvekunyorwa kwekubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zvakabudirira muRegional Rejista. Parizvino isu hatina ruzivo rwekuti vangani vangani vekupfuya uye vekunze vanozopihwa, asi isu tinovimba kuti vafuki vachatifadza nekutivimbisa zvigadzirwa zvitsva, kusanganisira, zvingangodaro, mhando dzakagadzirwa pasi peFederal Sayenzi nehunyanzvi Chirongwa cheKusimudzira Kwekurima kwe 2017- Makore makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemashanu.
Kudzokorora
Chimwe chiitiko chakakosha muindasitiri mune gore idzva ichave kuburitswa kweKRiMM mbatatata yekudyara mbesa muTyumen Region. Iyo kambani ichagadzirisa anenge zviuru makumi matatu ezviuru zvematani embatatisi pagore. Kuburitswa kwezvakagadzirwa - mbatatanda dzakabikwa muhomwe yekupisa (chigadzirwa chakapetwa) uye mbatatisi yakagadzirirwa (yakagadzirira-yekudya-chigadzirwa) - yakarongedzwa kutanga nekwachando chinotevera.
Zvakare padanho rekupedzisira rekugadzirira chirimwa chekugadzirwa kweFrance fries mumafuro. Kugona kwebhizinesi kuchave zviuru makumi mashanu ematani matani ezvigadzirwa zvakasvibiswa pagore.
Uye, hongu, mubatanidzwa weBelaya Dacha uye Gwayana Weston unoramba uchishanda, uyo unoronga kusvika kuzere huwandu (uku kuri kugadzirisa mazana ezviuru mazana maviri ematani embatatisi pagore) gore rino.
Mwaka mutsva
Mugore idzva, kazhinji, mabhizinesi madiki anozoramba achidzikira kubva pamusika, izvo zvinowana zvakaoma kugara "zvichitenderera" mumamiriro emakore akawanda (gore rechina rakateedzana) ye zero, uye kazhinji isina kunaka, kuwana mukana. Panguva imwecheteyo, mabhizinesi makuru acharamba achikura mbatatisi, kunyanya sezvo zviteshi zvitsva zvekuvhurirwa zvakavhurirwa ivo (kugadzirisa zvirimwa munzvimbo dzeLipetsk neMoscow). Tichifunga chokwadi ichi, hazvishamise kuti nhamba huru-huru dzakaonekwa pamusika wezvirimwa, semuenzaniso, Yakhroma Agricultural Holding, iyo yakabatanidza nzvimbo dzeMosagrofood-D LLC uye Zelenaya Dolina LLC.
Tichifunga nezve maitiro akadai, Mubatanidzwa wePotato haifungidzire kuderera kunooneka munzvimbo yekudyara mbatatasi. Asi isu tinozviona sezvazviri nguva yekutaura nezve kumutsidzira kwakakomba kwemaindasitiri uye tarisiro yakajeka yenguva yemberi yebudiriro.