Alexey Krasilnikov, director director wePotato Union
Kubva pane iyo data inouya kubva kumatunhu, tinogona kufungidzira kuti huwandu hwembatatisi munharaunda yeindasitiri yeRussia ichave ingangoita mamirioni manomwe matani. Asi mhedzisiro yacho inopfupikiswa nekupera kwematsutso, mushure mekukohwa kwapera.
YAKADZIDZISWA NZVIMBO, YAKAWEDZWA YIELD
Mukuwongorora kwakapfuura, kwakaburitswa kutanga kwaJune, apo kudyara mbatatisi munzvimbo dzinoverengeka kwaive kuchiri kuenderera, takafunga, tichitungamirwa nemishumo kubva kumatunhu uye fungidziro yebazi rezvekurima reRussian Federation, kuti nzvimbo yekurimwa kwechirimwa ichi mumaindasitiri ichawedzera gore rino. Asi zvinotarisirwa hazvina kuzadzikiswa: sekureva kwaRosstat, 2020 zviuru mahekita akagoverwa matapiri muna280,8: nekudaro, masangano ezvekurima akaderedza nzvimbo ne9,1%, mapurazi evarombo - ne4,6%. Rega ndikuyeuchidze kuti muna 2019, mbatatisi dzakarimwa munzvimbo inosvika 302,3 zviuru mahekita.
Kwakafanirwa kutaura nezve mhedzisiro yemwaka muna Nyamavhuvhu. Parizvino, isu tinogona kungoona chete kuti kuchenesa kwatanga uye kuri kuenderera nhanho yakanaka. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hweBazi rezvekurima reRussian Federation, kubva munaAugust 20, mbatatisi mumabhizimusi ekurima uye varimi (mapurazi) mapurazi akakohwa kubva munzvimbo inosvika 24,2 mahekita zviuru, kana 8,6% yenzvimbo yakadyarwa, 626,8 zviuru matani akacherwa negoho remakumi maviri nemazana mashanu ezviuru. / ha. Iwo manhamba ari padyo nemhedzisiro yegore rapfuura yezuva rimwe chete. Pakati pese, zvese zviri kufamba mushe, uye avhareji goho retiresi rakatokwirira kana tichienzanisa negore rapfuura (kunyangwe iyi data ichizogadziriswa mushure mekukohwewa kwemhando dzekupedzisira).
Kubudirira kwepamusoro soro maererano negoho parizvino kunoratidzwa neStavropol Territory - 367 centner / ha (35 centner kupfuura gore rapfuura). Iyo Oryol dunhu iri munzvimbo yechipiri - 357 c / ha (asi gore rapfuura yaive 417 c / ha). Kana tikataura nezvenzvimbo huru dze "mbatatisi", zvakakodzera kujekesa dunhu reAstrakhan - 340 masentimita / ha (+ makumi mana makumi mana zvichienzaniswa nemhedzisiro yegore rapfuura), Samara - mazana matatu / ha (mazana maviri / ha muna 40), Tula - 300 centers / ha (200 c / ha mu2019) yenharaunda. Mhedzisiro yakanaka yakaratidzirwa nedunhu reVolgograd - 255 c / ha (251 c / ha mu2019). Kuderera kushoma kwakacherechedzwa mudunhu reTyumen - 285 c / ha (266 c / ha mu2019). Zvibereko zvakaderera parizvino zvakanyorwa muKirov, Pskov, Leningrad, Novgorod matunhu, zvinotsanangurwa nemamiriro ekunze akaoma mumatunhu aya.
NZIRA
Mashoko mashoma anofanirwa kutaurwa nezve mamiriro ekunze emwaka. Zhizha rakave rakaoma, kunyanya kuUral, Siberia neFar East, yakakanganiswa nekusanaya kwemvura. Munzvimbo dzinoverengeka (dzimwe nzvimbo dzeNovosibirsk, Chelyabinsk matunhu, Altai Territory), hurumende yechimbichimbi yakaziviswa. Chikamu cheEuropean cheRussia chaive nematambudziko acho: semuenzaniso, chikamu chekuchamhembe kwedunhu reMoscow, matunhu akati wandei eNorthwestern Federal District akatambura nekunaya kwakanyanya. Panyaya iyi, mutengo wezvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza michero wakakwira zvakanyanya, zvaive zvakafanira kurwisa bacteriosis, uye kunonoka blight kwakakanganisa mapurazi mazhinji. Izvo zvatove pachena kuti kudhirowa kunokanganisa kwete chete mavhoriyamu ekukohwa, asiwo hunhu hwetafura uye mbeu mbatatisi.
PRICES
Zvinosuruvarisa, ini handikwanise kusarudza zvakanaka zvinoitika kune vagadziri vekurima. Panguva ino, mwero wemutengo unoenderana nezviratidziro zvegore rapfuura, uye mune mamwe mativi iri pasi pe7-10% pane aya maitirwo.
KUSVIRA KWEMAPATATESI KUNA DZIMWE DZEFAR EAST
Potato Union inoratidzira kunetseka pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu muFar East. Parizvino, matunhu echikamu chino chenyika haaburitse mbatatisi nemiriwo muhuwandu hwakakosha kuti uwane kugutsikana. Mazhinji ekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa anotengwa kuChina (vazhinji vanorangarira kuti kuvharwa kwemiganhu chitubu ichi kwakatungamira mukushomeka uye nekukwira kwemitengo mumisika yemuno). Panguva imwecheteyo, nyanzvi dzeindasitiri dzinoona kuti nzira yemaChinese mbatatisi kuenda kuRussia inogona kuvharika kwete chete nekuda kwecoronavirus: mwaka uno, kuyedza kwakawanda kwakatorembwa kupinza mabatch etapatata ane hutachiona kuora munyika yedu. Rosselkhoznadzor chero nguva anogona kutanga kushanda neKudenga Humambo maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu eEjipitori (ndokuti, kurambidza zvigadzirwa kubva kune chaiwo mapurazi nematunhu).
Ehezve, Russia ine yakakwana yayo mbatatisi, uye parizvino Bazi rezvekurima riri kugadzirisa nyaya dzekupa mari yekubhadhara iyo mari yekuronga njanji kutakura kune varimi vekurima vanozopa mbatatisi nemiriwo kuFar East. Asi zvinofungidzirwa kuti chete maagrarians eUral neSiberia federal maruwa ndivo vachapinda muchiitiko ichi, ndiko kuti, iwo matunhu akatambura zvakanyanya nekusanaya kwemvura gore rino. Potato Union yakaronga kuwedzera vagadziri veVolga neCentral Federal Dunhu kune runyorwa rwevatengesi, asi kusvika parizvino zano iri harina kutsigirwa nedhipatimendi.
Vamiriri veRussian Railways vanofungidzirawo nezve tarisiro yekuendesa matapiri nemiriwo kuFar Eastern Federal District: zviri pachena kuti zvitima zvinodzoka zvichidarika hafu yenyika zvisina mutoro. Kazhinji, mune ino nyaya kuchine mimwe mibvunzo kupfuura mhinduro.
BUDISIRA UYE KUTENGA KWAZVO
Isu tese tinoona mamiriro akaoma iyo Republic of Belarus irimo. Zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti zviitiko zvichaenderera mberi zvakadii, asi isu hatigone kudzora mukana wekudzikira kwehuwandu (kana kupera zvachose) kwemidziyo yetapiri kubva munyika ino. Ndinoda kucherechedza kuti tiri kutaura nezvehuwandu hwakakosha: maererano nekuverenga kwePotato Union, anenge mazana mazana mashanu ematani matatata eBelarusian anopihwa kuRussia gore rega. Kune rimwe divi, kuburitswa kweiyo niche mumusika kunogona kuongororwa seyakanaka maitiro evarimi vekurima veRussia, asi ngatirege kukanganwa kuti kugoverwa kwembeu mbatatisi yemhando dzeBelarusian, dzinozivikanwa kwazvo munyika medu, dzinogona kumira. Uye zvakare, tichitaura nezveBelarus, isu tiri kutaura kwete nezve kunze kwenyika chete, asiwo nezve kutumira kunze kwenyika kwembatatisi: kuvharwa kwemiganhu kunoreva kurasikirwa kwenzira dzekugovera mbatatisi kuUkraine, Moldova neSerbia.
Isu tiri kunyatso tarisa mamiriro ezvinhu muUkraine. Gore rapera, rekodhi (anenge mazana maviri ematani matani) huwandu hwembatatisi dzeRussia hwakapihwa nyika ino, uye izvi hazvitarisise zvinhu zvakatumirwa kumatunhu eDonbass. Mwaka uno, varimi veUkraine vekurima, kunyangwe hazvo mamiriro ekunze aive akaoma (rangarira, semuenzaniso, mvura zhinji yakayerera kuWestern Ukraine pakupera kwaJune), vanotarisira kuti vachawana goho rakanaka, uye mavhoriyamu ayo anokwana kuvhara izvo zvinodiwa vagari. Asi, zvakare, zvakawanda zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekukohwa.
Zhizha 2020 mune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope (Poland, Germany, Netherlands) yakapfuura pasina tsaona dzakakomba, uye kushomeka kwembatatari hakutarisirwe ikoko. Izvi, zvisinei, hazvireve kuti kuendesa kweEuropean mbeu mbatatisi kuRussia kuchafambawo zvakanaka. Rosselkhoznadzor anonetsekana nezve mamiriro ezvinhu ehutano muNetherlands uye anotarisira kumisazve mutemo wekudyidzana pakati pemapato, zvichipa kuongororwa panzvimbo. Nemiganhu yakavharwa, zvaizonetsa kuronga nzendo dzakadai. Ehe, isu tiri kuyedza kudzikamisa mamiriro acho, asi vatengi vembeu vanofanirwa kufunga nezve njodzi dzese dzinobatanidzwa.
Panguva imwecheteyo, tinomanikidzwa kutaura kuti indasitiri yekurima mbatatisi yeRussia inoramba ichinyanya kuvimba nekutenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika. Maererano nekufungidzira kwePotato Union, munguva yepakati, kuunzwa kwembeu dzematapiri kubva kunyika dzeEU kucharamba kuri padanho rematani zviuru gumi pagore. Kukosha kwakakosha kunoonekwa muchikamu chemaindasitiri ekugadzirisa (machipisi, mafirita, starch), uko pasina mhando dzakasiyana dzekusarudzwa kwemhuri.
Uye zvakare, iro huwandu hwekupinza kwezvinhu zvisikwa zviri kukura gore rega rega. (mu vitro microplants uye microtubers, minitubers), izvo zvakasikwa, zvichipiwa maitiro ekugadzirisa kugadzirwa kwembeu dzesarudzo dzekunze muRussia. Kuunzwa kwezvinhu zvakadaro kunoita kuti zvikwanise kudzikisa njodzi dzehutano, mutengo wembeu dzeramangwana, kuvandudza mhando uye kusimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu muhurumende.
KUSVIRA
Ndinoda kuratidzira chiitiko chakakosha cheindasitiri yese: iyo Lam Weston Belaya Dacha chirimwa chakavhurwa. Munguva yekumanikidzwa yekuzorora panguva yedenda, kambani yakaita basa rekuvandudza tekinoroji uye ikozvino yakagadzirira kubata.
Ndinodawo kucherechedza kuti kutya kwedu kwakanangana nekukwanisa kuendesa kuRussia kwemagore akapera eFrance mafrimu, akagadzirwa muEurope uye asina kutengeswa imomo nekuda kwedenda, haana kuzadzikiswa Kunyangwe chiitiko ichi chaive chingangodaro, sezvo veEuropean vakataura kuti vaive nemamirioni maviri ematani echigadzirwa mumatura avo. Kuyerera kwezvigadzirwa pamitengo yakadonhedzwa kunogona kukuvadza musika wedu, asi nerombo rakanaka izvi hazvina kuitika.
Kusvika kupera kwa2020, isu takamirira kuburitswa kwemamwe mapurojekiti matsva ekugadzirisa mbatatisi, asi isu tinokuudza zvakawanda nezve izvi mushure mekutanga kwebasa ravo.
INDUSTRIAL ZVOKUITA
Potato Union setsika inokoka vese vatori vechikamu vemusika kuti vapinde musangano uyu watiri kuronga sechikamu chehurongwa hwebhizimusi yechiratidziro yechigumi nembiri yekuRussia yezvekurima "Golden Autumn". Musangano wegore rino wakapihwa zita rekuti "Zvitsva Zvitsva Zvekutengesa uye Zvigadzirwa Zvitsva". Munguva yekutaura kwavo, nyanzvi dzichabhadhara zvakanyanya kuti vakurukure dzinovimbisa nzira dzekutengesa mbatatisi nemiriwo (pamwe nezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa).
Iyi musangano ichaitika mumakore gumi ekutanga aGumiguru, nekuda kwemamiriro azvino anozoitwa online, asi tinovimba kuti nekuda kweizvi isu tichakwanisa kuwedzera zvakanyanya vateereri vedu nekubatanidza nyanzvi kubva kumatunhu ese eRussia.