Munguva yekuyerera, iko kwakasimba kuumbwa kwetubers kunoitika, huwandu uye hukuru hwazvo zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu mukati medzvakaitika gwenzi rakakura. Munguva ino yakakosha, mbatatisi inoda kudiridza, kupfeka kwepamusoro uye kudzivirirwa kubva kuColorado mbatata mabhungwa.
Tichakurukura zvese izvi zvitatu zvekutarisira, pamwe nekuongorora zvakasiyana kuti sei mbatatisi dzisingaratidze kana maruva achioneka kechipiri mumwaka. Kazhinji zvinoenderana nezvakasiyana-siyana, asi dzimwe nguva kupindira kwemugadheni kunodiwa.
Zvinoumba maruva mbatatisi. Munhu anongoda tubers. Kunyangwe misoro, iyo inonwisa manyuturiyumu kubva muvhu, inoonekwa seyakakosha yekuwedzera inofanirwa kutsungirirwa. Chii chatinogona kutaura pamusoro pemaruva: zvinoita kunge zvipembenene zvisina basa zvachose, nechido kuburitsa zvese zvakanakisa kubva kumuti. Saka dzidziso yacho yakazvarwa kuti iwe unogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya goho kana iwe ukabvisa maruva nemashizha ekumusoro panguva yekumera.
Asi mbatatisi chinhu chipenyu chakaomarara chine yavo purogiramu yekubereka, iyo tubers inongova sarudzo yekuchengeta yekuchengetedza huwandu. Igwenzi rinosangana nekubviswa kwemakwenzi uye mashizha ekumusoro sekutyisidzira kuvapo.
Icho chirimwa chakakuvara chinogona kunge chiri kurwara muchimiro chakapfava, kana kuti chinoita fomu chakawedzera mabhureki ekugadzirira kurasikirwa. Nomuzvarirwo, maruva matsva anodikanwa kuti pasimudzirwe zvinhu zvinoteera zvichabviswa kubva kumachubhu. Chimiro chechinyakare umo anoravara anobhadhara kaviri. Mitsva mitsva haingaoneki kana iwe ukabvisa maruva akatotumbuka. Asi zvadaro maitiro acho haaite musoro zvachose, sezvo maruva atoziva zvinovaka muviri.
Kune imwe ngozi. Pamunda wemapira ndine chokwadi chekuti chero gwenzi rine chirwere. Kucheka mabukira nemashizha, murimi haasvibise maturusi uye magurovhosi mushure mekugadzirisa chirimwa chimwe nechimwe, nekudaro, kuburikidza nemaronda akazaruka pamapfundo, anovatapukira nehutachiona hwefungal. Saka nekuda kwechido chekuwedzera zvishoma zvirimwa, iwe unogona kurasikirwa nechakakosha chikamu chazvo.
Pamusoro pezvo, zvakagadziriswa nenzira yekuedza kuti imwe kana maviri mamwe ma tubers akaumbwa chaizvo pamakwenzi ane maruva akabviswa pane pane zvidyarwa zvangoita zvoga. Asi kana mabhesi asina kukuvadzwa, mbatatisi inokura yakakura uye iine humwe hunhu.
Zvinokurudzirwa kubvisa ma buds chete kana uchikura mhando isingawanzo kudyarwa yekudyara, apo huwandu hwe tubers hwakakosha kudarika saizi yavo.
Potato inoyerera chiyero
Kana iwe ukaona wakawanda unoyerera mabhesi - kazhinji pamberi pako - chero yemhando yekare yakatsanangurwa. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, vafudzi vanobereka mhando dzinotumbuka zvishoma kana kutoshaya maruva. Ovaries pamakwenzi akadaro haawanzowanzo. Semuenzaniso, iyo yepamusoro-yekutanga mhando dzeRocco naMariella hadzisi maruva. Variety Spring mune yakaoma zhizha inogona zvakare kusatumbuka, uye neyakajairika hunyoro iyo inotumbuka nekukurumidza. Mabhazi akadyarwa mumumvuri haatumbuka zvakanaka.
Ruva rembatatisi harinei zvakananga nekuumbwa uye kukura kwemachubhu, asi kusavapo kwemaruva kunowanzoratidza kuti murimi akakanganisa uye chirimwa chiri mungozi.
Pamusoro pehunhu hwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye kudzika kwechiyero, pane zvimwe zvikonzero zviviri nei mbatatisi dzisarime:
- zvinomera zvinoshaya unyoro. Kana kudiridza kwekukurumidzira kusina kurongeka, ma tubers haachazoumbazve uye anokura pasi pevhu, nekuda kweizvozvo, goho rinokohwewa mukuvhuvhuta richashomeka;
- muvhu - wakanyanyisa kunyorova uye mafetitro feteraiza. Mune ino kesi, masimba ane simba, panzvimbo pekuvharwa nemabhuru, rara pasi. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti umire kudiridza, gura misoro yematanda (anenge chikamu chimwe chete pakureba kwematanda), wobva wawedzera madota kune ivhu (girazi pa 1 metres yemibhedha), kusunungura pasi uye zvishoma nezvishoma uchitsemura makwenzi.
Mumamiriro okunze akanyorova, mushure mekusanaya kwenguva refu, zvinowanzoitika kuti mbatatichi itumbuka kechipiri. Chokwadi ndechekuti nekuda kwekupisa, machubhu anorega kukura, uye kana kuchinaya mvura yakawanda, iyo "yechipiri chitubu" inouya mbatatisi uye gwenzi riri kuyedza kuita yakarasika nguva. Kudiridza kuri nani kudzivirira dambudziko iri. Zvakare, makwenzi akabviswa mabukira anogona kutumbuka kakawanda.
Kudiridza mbatata panguva inoyerera
Munguva yekudyara uye kuyerera, makatoni emakwenzi anoda unyoro. Kana pasina mvura, saka panotanga kuoneka mabukira, diridza zvidyarwa zvakanyanya: pachiyero chemamwe matatu malita emvura pagwenzi. Iko kudikanwa kwekudiridza kuri nyore kuziva: zvakaringana kubata pasi pakadzika pa3-5 cm kubva pamusoro. Kana yakanyorova, zviri nani kudzosera kudiridza, nekuti kunyanyisa kunyanyisa kunogona kukuvadza mabhudhi madiki.
Mbatatisi inodiridzwa mangwanani kana manheru. Pazuva rechipiri mushure meizvi, unofanirwa kusunungura ivhu uye kutsemuka nemakwenzi, kuti midzi yacho isangogashira mvura chete, asiwo oxygen. Mushure memavhiki maviri, kana ivhu rikaoma zvakare, unogona kudiridza mabhedha zvakare.
Mumamiriro ekunze akaoma mushure mekudiridza, zvinokurudzirwa kuvhara pasi ne mulch: yakaoma uswa kana huswa. Maitiro acho haatore nguva yakawanda uye kushanda nesimba, asi haufanirwe kunetseka nezvekucherwa tubers mukudonha kuve mudiki kana kubhuroka.
Kupfuura mbatata dzinoyerera
Mota dziri kubuda dzinoda hutano hwakawedzera. Kazhinji, maviri epasi apamusoro kupfeka mbatatisi kunoitwa panguva inoyerera:
- pakutanga kwe budding kuti ikurumidze kuyerera kuyerera (pamamita imwe emibhedha muivhu gadzira musanganiswa wehupuni 3 dzemadota nehupuni hwe potassium sulfate);
- Mazuva 4-5 mushure mekutanga kweruva rinoyerera kuitira kuti isimudzire kukura kwe tubers (2 maspuni of superphosphate - pamzere mutsara wemubhedha).
Uyezve pakutanga kwekutanga, foliar yepamusoro yekupfeka inogona kuitwa. Sarudzo dzesarudzo dzemarita gumi emvura (pamawere zana emamita emunda wepatata):
30-40 g ye urea;
50 g ye potassium sulfate;
10–20 g ye ammonium nitrate;
sanganisa 2 g yemhangura sulfate, 10 g ye potassium munyu, 40 g ye ammonium nitrate, 200 g ye superphosphate.
Kuchengetedza maruva mbatatisi kubva kuColorado mbatata mabhungwa
Dambudziko nderekuti mbatatata panguva inoyerera haifanirwe kupfachekwa nemakemikari kurwisa mabhuruku emvura mbatata yeColorado. Tupukanana tichafanirwa kuparadzwa pamawoko. Kuwedzera kune yekushongedza yemuchina mubhaketi, mishonga yekurapa ichabatsira:
- svina kilogiramu yemadota, sanganisa ne 10 l yemvura, bika painodzika pasi - wedzera 40-50 g yesipo yekuwachira yakapwanywa pane grater yakanaka;
- guruva makwenzi ane cornmeal.
Chero ipi yeaya mari inogona kushandiswa anenge mazuva manomwe. Kana paine zvipembenene zvakawandisa, mbatatata dzinoyerera dzinofanira kusaswa neshiza yakagadzirwa. Inokodzera, semuenzaniso, "Bitoxibacillin", "Akarin" kana "Fitoverm".
Kuchengeta mbatata mushure mekuyerera
Kana mbatatichi ichiyerera, hazvibviri kudiridza mabhesi: kunyanyisa humidity inzvimbo yakanaka yekukudziridza kweanonoka blight. Kudyisa hakuna zvakare kudikanwa.
Nepo matapiri ari girini, iwo anosvinwa zvakati wandei nemimwe mishonga yechivanhu kuColorado mbatata mabhungane. Makemikari akasimba anogona kushandiswa kwete kwasara kupfuura mwedzi miviri kusati kukohwewa. Naizvozvo, mari dzakadaro dzakakodzera chete mhando dzinozotevera.
Source: https://kartofan.org/osobennosti-cveteniya-kartofelya.html